不同体外培养条件对家兔早期囊胚贴壁行为的影响

采集家兔自然交配后96h的早期囊胚，以低糖DMEM＋150mL／L胎牛血清＋0．1mmol／L非必需氨基酸＋100IU／mL青霉素＋100IU／mL链霉素为基础培养基，比较了不同胚胎处理方法、不同饲养层以及培养液中添加不同成分对兔早期囊胚贴壁和增殖的影响，以完善兔胚胎干细胞的建系方法。结果表明，以胚胎分割法和链霉蛋白酶-E（proteinaseE）处理掉黏蛋白及部分透明带的胚胎容易贴壁和增殖；在小鼠成纤维细胞饲养层和兔胎儿成纤维细胞饲养层上，胚胎的脱带率差别不大，但在小鼠成纤维细胞饲养层上贴壁率明显提高，且贴壁后内细胞团增殖较快；添加胰岛素、白血病抑制因子和伊巯基乙醇均利于抑制ES的分化和促进内细胞团的增殖。     

秦川牛超数排卵效果的研究

本研究共超排秦川牛31头次，有效超排20头次，有效率为64.5％。头均获胚总数6.45枚，可用胚4.20枚。激素用量为300 mg/头时，头均获胚总数和头均可用胚数显著高于260和340 mg组（P<0.05）。冬春季的头均获胚总数（8.56）和头均可用胚数（6.00）显著高于夏秋季（4.73、2.73）（P<0.05）。对供体牛连续超排处理3次，间隔70 d，对超排效果无显著影响。     

养猪小区粪便资源化处理工艺设计

影响我国养猪小区健康发展的关键问题是养猪小区的环境控制，降水、污水、粪便混合排放，加剧了养猪小区的环境污染，使粪便资源化处理更加困难。根据现代养猪生产工艺流程，利用工程技术手段，设计了一个现代化示范型养猪小区粪便资源化处理工艺，首先解决天然降水与污水混合排放问题，其次实现污水与粪便有效分离，第三步通过充氧发酵、搅拌干燥最终实现养猪小区粪便资源化开发利用，解决捆扰我国养猪小区健康发展的环境控制问题。     

3个黄牛品种的myostatin 5''调控区多态与生长性状的相关分析

用PCR-RFLPs方法对南阳牛、秦川牛、郏县红牛3个品种共411个个体的myostatin 5'调控区的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)进行分析.结果表明,3个品种在myostatin 5'调控区T→A突变以等位基因T为主,仅在郏县红牛中发现1个AA型纯合体,郏县红牛品种显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＜0.05),其它品种处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态(P＞0.05).对黄牛myostatin 5'调控区T→A突变与南阳牛、秦川牛和郏县红牛生长性状进行相关分析,结果显示,TT型南阳牛6月龄的胸围和胸围指数显著低于TA型个体,TT型南阳牛18月龄的体高显著高于TA型个体(P＜0.05),但基因型对秦川牛和郏县红牛生长性状的效应不显著(P＞0.05).提示在南阳牛的育种实践中应该综合考虑南阳牛生长阶段和所要选择的性状.     

西吉县小麦丰产抗锈病品种综合分析选优

2003~2005年进行了冬春小麦42个水旱地品种的比较试验,运用灰色关联综合评价方法,筛选出西吉县丰产抗条锈病品种:冬小麦水地品种静冬9717、静冬941、静冬9718,旱地品种8802、陇原935、陇原992综合性状较好且抗条锈病;春小麦水地品种宁春4号、802-15、定丰806;旱地品种93-163-6、陇春8139-2综合性状较优,除宁春4号较易感条锈病外,其它品种均抗锈病。抗病品种比感病品种提高产量15.40%~61.12%。建议今后在西吉县大面积推广种植这些品种时,水浇地要特别注意宁春4号品种的条锈病预测及防治工作。     

Isolation,Identification and Biological Characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes from Tibetan Pigs

In order to understand the infection of Staphylococcus disease in healthy Tibetan pigs in Linzhi city,Tibet.232 samples were collected from the slaughterhouse in Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi city,Tibet,the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,and the slaughterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city.These samples were isolated,cultured and identified,and one isolated strain was systematically studied for biological characteristics.Epidemiological survey results showed that 73 of 232 samples were positive for Staphylococcus,the positive rate was 31.47%,16 positive samples were detected in the slaughterhouse of Bahe town,Gongbujiangda county,Linzhi,Tibet,with a detection rate of 23.89%(16/67),43 positive samples were detected in the pastures of the teaching practice ranch at the Tibet Agriculture and Animal Husbandry University in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 34.40% (43/125),14 positive samples were detected in the slanghterhouse in Bayi district,Linzhi city,with a detection rate of 35.00% (14/40).Through PCR identification,gene sequencing and biochemical identification,5 strains of Staphylococcus chromogenes were isolated,and one of them (Sa LZ1) was studied systematically.The biological characteristics of the isolated strains showed that the Sa LZ1 strain formed round white convex colonies on the agar medium,with regular edges,smooth surfaces,and opaque white colonies.The isolates were Gram-positive cocci bacteria.PCR sequencing results showed that the isolate had the highest homology with Staphylococcus chromogenes (GenBank accession No.:MG576253.1),positive for serum inulin,manicol,glucose,saccharose,lactose,negative for arabinose,sodium hippurate,raffinose,xylose,urea,etc,consistent with the biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus chromogenes.The logarithmic growth period of isolated bacteria was 5 to 10 h.The pathogenicity test of mice showed that the mortality rate of mice reached 100% when the concentration of Sa LZ1 strain reached 3.5×10⁹ CFU/mL.And the results of pathological section showed that Sa LZ1 strain could cause the visceral tissue of mice to develop pathological changes.The above results provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Staphylococcus suis in Linzhi,Tibet.     

干奶期不同能量水平对奶牛血中神经肽 Y和生长激素浓度的影响

将健康围产期奶牛30头随机分为3组．预产前28d按奶牛营养需要分别饲喂100％、120％、80％能量日粮，产后各组奶牛均饲喂标准的产奶日粮，至产后56d结束，观测干奶期不同能量摄入水平对围产期健康奶牛血中神经肽Y和生长激素浓度的影响。结果表明，干奶期低能量日粮饲喂，奶牛血中神经肽和生长激素浓度均高于其他2组，从产前14d至产后28d组间差异显著（P〈0.01；P〈0.05），提示低能量饲料饲喂干奶期奶牛，产后能量负平衡得到缓解。     

Protective effects of ［Gly14］-humanin on cultured neural stem cells treated with β-amyloid protein in vitro

目的：研究［Gly14］-humanin对β淀粉样蛋白1-42引起的神经干细胞毒性的作用。方法：用［Gly14］-humanin和β淀粉样蛋白1-42处理神经干细胞，观察其对神经干细胞增殖、分化的影响。结果：较低浓度的［Gly14］-humanin加入有β淀粉样蛋白1-42处理的神经干细胞培养基，经过琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析及流式细胞测定DNA含量，神经干细胞显示出对β淀粉样蛋白1-42的耐受，而对照组则显示神经干细胞出现凋亡现象。高浓度的［Gly14］-humanin加入培养基，经台盼蓝拒染法计数细胞，神经干细胞死亡率明显低于对照组，对照组神经干细胞出现大量死亡。结论：［Gly14］-humanin 不但具有抑制β淀粉样蛋白1-42对神经干细胞的毒性作用，而且在低浓度的情况下，可以促进神经干细胞的增殖和分化为神经元。     

季铵化壳聚糖对冬枣的保鲜作用

为研究季铵化壳聚糖(HPTAC-CTS)对冬枣的保鲜效果,于-1℃～-2℃冷藏温度下,采用2%季铵化壳聚糖对冬枣进行涂膜保鲜处理,可保鲜贮藏冬枣80d。贮藏后果实不变形,果皮硬度高,果肉仍然很脆;腐烂率低于4%,好果率超过96%;失重率低于<5%,外观、口感可达贮藏前的水准;含糖量、含酸量、维生素C含量基本不变,保持原有风味和营养。     

梨组织中苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的原位RT-PCR检测

 为了建立梨树苹果褪绿叶斑病毒原位RT-PCR检测技术, 用已知带有苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的库尔勒香梨和无病毒实生苗叶片为材料, 利用D IG标记, 研究了香梨病毒的叶片石蜡切片IS-RT-PCR检测技术。包括AMV逆转录酶、dNTPs、RNasin及互补引物浓度对cDNA合成的影响, 退火温度、Taq DNA聚合酶、Mg²⁺ 、引物浓度及循环次数对原位PCR效果的影响。结果表明: RNasin的用量大于0.2 U·μL^-1时,信号强度随着RNasin量的加大而增强; 只有当dNTPs浓度达1.0 mmol·L^-1时才能生成一定量的cDNA;AMV浓度在0.3～0.5 U·μL^-1均可进行正常的逆转录, 而且在该范围内产物的量随AMV浓度提高而增多; 引物浓度达到0.9μmol·L^-1以上时才能进行有效的逆转录, 并且生成的cDNA的量随引物浓度增大而增加。原位扩增ACLSV的cDNA适合退火温度为56℃。循环20～30次可出现较强的蓝色信号, 引物浓度在0.8～1.2μmol·L^-1时显色较好; Taq酶浓度为20 U·mL^-1以上, 均显示较深的蓝色; Mg^{2 +}浓度为1.5mmol·L^-1就可满足原位PCR所需。获得了苹果褪绿叶斑病毒的原位PCR优化检测体系, 利用建立的优化程序对香梨样品进行了检测验证, 取得了很好效果。