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61.
Rice Full-Length cDNA Consortium;National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences Rice Full-Length cDNA Project Team Kikuchi S Satoh K Nagata T Kawagashira N Doi K Kishimoto N Yazaki J Ishikawa M Yamada H Ooka H Hotta I Kojima K Namiki T Ohneda E Yahagi W Suzuki K Li CJ Ohtsuki K Shishiki T;Foundation of Advancement of International Science Genome Sequencing & Analysis Group Otomo Y Murakami K Iida Y Sugano S Fujimura T Suzuki Y Tsunoda Y Kurosaki T Kodama T Masuda H Kobayashi M Xie Q Lu M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5631):376-379
62.
Matsuishi S Toda Y Miyakawa M Hayashi K Kamiya T Hirano M Tanaka I Hosono H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,301(5633):626-629
We removed approximately 100% of clathrated oxygen ions from the crystallographic cages in a single crystal of 12CaO.7Al2O3, leading to the formation of high-density (approximately 2 x 10(21) cm-3) electrons highly localized in the cages. The resulting electron forms a structure that we interpret as an F+ center and migrates throughout the crystal by hopping to a neighboring cage with conductivity approximately 100 siemens per centimeter, demonstrating that the encaged electron behaves as an anion. The electron anions couple antiferromagnetically with each other, forming a diamagnetic pair or singlet bipolaron. The resulting [Ca24Al28O64]4+(4e-) may be regarded as a thermally and chemically stable single crystalline "electride." 相似文献
63.
添加己酸和盐酸对玉米秸秆青贮饲料质量的影响 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
通过测定盐酸、己酸处理的玉米秸秆青贮饲料的pH值、含水率、有机酸含量及组成、干物质消失率、NDF瘤胃降解率、干物质回收率和青贮饲料化学成分,研究了盐酸、己酸的处理对玉米秸秆青贮饲料质量的影响。试验结果表明:在玉米秸秆青贮饲料中添加盐酸,降低了青贮饲料中乳酸占总酸的比例和干物质回收率,并使青贮饲料的细胞壁物质含量显著增加,明显降低了玉米秸秆青贮饲料的质量;己酸的添加对青贮饲料质量无显著影响(P>0.05);盐酸和己酸的共同处理除了明显改善青贮饲料的色泽、气味和质地外,还可明显降低青贮饲料中OB,ADF和ADL的含量(P>0.05),显著提高了青贮饲料的营养价值。 相似文献
64.
Ken‐ichi YAMANAKA Masahiro KANEDA Yasushi INABA Koji SAITO Kaiyu KUBOTA Miki SAKATANI Satoshi SUGIMURA Kei IMAI Shinya WATANABE Masashi TAKAHASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(4):523-530
Many observations have been made on cloned embryos and on adult clones by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), but it is still unclear whether the progeny of cloned animals is presenting normal epigenetic status. Here, in order to accumulate the information for evaluating the normality of cloned cattle, we analyzed the DNA methylation status on satellite I region in blastocysts obtained from cloned cattle. Embryos were produced by artificial insemination (AI) to non‐cloned or cloned dams using semen from non‐cloned or cloned sires. After 7 days of AI, embryos at blastocyst stage were collected by uterine flushing. The DNA methylation levels in embryos obtained by using semen and/or oocytes from cloned cattle were similar to those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned cattle. In contrast, the DNA methylation levels in SCNT embryos were significantly higher (P < 0.01) than those in in vivo embryos from non‐cloned and cloned cattle, approximately similar to those in somatic cells used as donor cells. Thus, this study provides useful information that epigenetic status may be normal in the progeny of cloned cattle, suggesting the normality of germline cells in cloned cattle. 相似文献
65.
Ikuyo NAKAJIMA Mika OE Koichi OJIMA Susumu MUROYA Masahiro SHIBATA Koichi CHIKUNI 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):144-149
Experiments were designed to compare the adipocyte cellularity of subcutaneous adipose tissue between growing Landrace (low backfat) and Meishan (high backfat) pigs at 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 5 months of age. As pigs aged, body weight and backfat thickness of both breeds significantly increased. When compared at equal ages, backfat thickness adjusted to equal body weight was greater for Meishan pigs. The mean diameter of fat cell size also increased with age, and by 6 weeks adipocytes from both outer and inner layers of subcutaneous adipose tissue were larger in Meishan pigs. At 5 months, approximately 80% of the adipose tissue mass in Meishan pigs was attributable to adipocytes measuring 95–165 µm in diameter, whereas adipocytes of 75–145 µm comprised most of the tissue mass in the Landrace. Although the contribution of smaller adipocytes (25–45 µm) to the tissue volume was negligible, both breeds showed a biphasic diameter distribution at all ages, suggesting that adipocyte hyperplasia is still active. Our results demonstrate that cellularity differences exist between the subcutaneous adipose tissues of Landrace and Meishan pigs, and adipocyte hypertrophy is the most overwhelming contributor to the greater backfat deposition for Meishan pigs. 相似文献
66.
Hiroyuki KOBAYASHI Atsushi EGUCHI Wataru TAKANO Masahiro SHIBATA Motoni KADOWAKI Shinobu FUJIMURA 《Animal Science Journal》2011,82(1):86-92
The major taste active component, glutamate (Glu), improves the taste of meat. In this study, we investigated the effect of a short‐term high‐protein (HCP) diet on the intramuscular free Glu content to improve the taste of meat. Furthermore, we elucidated how the muscle free Glu content was controlled by the HCP diet. Chicks (14 days old) were fed the control diet or HCP diet for 10 days. Plasma and muscle free amino acid concentrations, and activity and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of muscle enzymes related to Glu metabolism were determined. Muscle free Glu content was increased (P < 0.01) by 51%. Activity and mRNA expression of glutaminase (GA), which is one of the major Glu‐related enzymes, were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the HCP group because of feedback inhibition. The mRNA expression of lysine α‐ketoglutarate reductase (LKR), which is the enzyme involved in lysine (Lys) degradation and Glu production, was significantly increased (P < 0.001) in the HCP group. These results suggest that short‐term dietary HCP feeding is an effective treatment for improving the taste of meat. Furthermore, our results suggest that the free Glu content in muscle is regulated by GA and LKR. 相似文献
67.
T Kitagawa Y Gotoh K Uchihara Y Kohri T Konoue K Fujiwara W Ohtani 《Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists》1988,71(5):915-920
A sensitive enzyme immunoassay for cephalexin (CEX) was developed using the rabbit antiserum to CEX, beta-D-galactosidase-labeled CEX, and a double-antibody separation method. The immunogen of CEX was prepared by coupling the amino group of CEX to thiol groups introduced into bovine serum albumin by the use of N-(m-maleimidobenzoyloxy)succinimide as a cross-linker. Highly titered antiserum to CEX was produced in rabbits immunized with the immunogen. Enzyme labeling of CEX with beta-D-galactosidase was done by using N-(gamma-maleimidobutyryloxy)succinimide as the cross-linker. The limit of detection was 30 ng CEX/mL sample solution. Application of the method to CEX drug residues detected 30 ng/mL in milk, 60 ng/g in egg yolk, and 400 ng/g in hen tissue. 相似文献
68.
Kazuhiro Ujiie Toshio Yamamoto Masahiro Yano Ken Ishimaru 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2016,63(1):97-123
The yield of Koshihikari, a Japanese premium rice variety, is relatively lower than that of modern high yielding varieties. IR64 carries several well-known genes such as GS3, an important gene for grain size, sd-1, a semi-dwarf gene, and NARROW LEAF1 (NAL1), a gene for small, narrow flag leaves. In this study, we used two sets of chromosome segment substitution lines (CSSLs), from Koshihikari and IR64, and attempted to evaluate the genetic factors that cause differences between parents by analyzing the function of chromosome regions affecting a trait (CRATs). For 28 traits, we identified 312 CRATs in the Koshihikari background and 275 in the IR64 background. In these, donor alleles had positive effects in 84 and 103 CRATs, respectively. Among these, the CRAT related to GS3 and those for grain number expanded the potential sink size in Koshihikari, although this did not affect final yield. The combination of CRATs that enhances source ability may increase grain yield. Although the sd-1 gene might improve resistance to lodging, the yield of CSSLs with sd-1 decreased by 28.7 %. These results suggest that the smaller biomass conferred by sd-1 might reduce canopy photosynthesis. In the Koshihikari background, the CRAT related to NAL1 and those located on chr. 6 increased SPAD value but had the opposite effect on leaf size. Two CRATs that were detected on chr. 6 and 7 increased leaf area without any effect on the SPAD value. The combination of these CRATs for area and SPAD value might improve source ability. 相似文献
69.
70.
Effect of propylene glycol and undegradable protein source on rumen fermentation, blood metabolism and milk production in lactating dairy cows 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Turigen BAIYILA Jifu HAN Shuhei KANDA Masahiro ITOH Yuichiro WASHIO Tamotu SUZUKI Hiroshi HORIKAWA Toshihiko KAMADA Hisao ITABASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(3):207-213
Eight lactating Holstein cows were divided into two groups ( n = 4) and used in a double reversal trial with three periods of 14 days each, to evaluate diets containing propylene glycol (PG) and ruminally undegradable protein (RUP) blend on milk yield and composition, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolism. The control diet contained 20% chopped Sudangrass hay, 20% cubed alfalfa hay, 12% corn silage, and 48% of the respective concentrate mixtures (dry matter basis). The experimental diet (PG + RUP) partially replaced the concentrate mixture from the control diet with 1.4% PG and 2.1% RUP. Both diets contained about 16% crude protein and 71% total digestible nutrients. Dry matter intake was similar between the two diets. Daily production of milk, milk lactose and milk solids-not-fat increased by 9.0%, 11.3% and 9.3%, respectively ( P < 0.1), for cows fed diets with PG + RUP; milk composition was unchanged. Although the concentration of ruminal total volatile fatty acids was unchanged, the proportion of propionic acid increased, and the proportion of acetic acid decreased with PG + RUP. The concentration of ruminal ammonia nitrogen and number of ciliate protozoa was not significantly affected by PG + RUP. The concentration of glucose in blood plasma increased, the concentration of urea nitrogen was unaffected, and the concentration of some essential free amino acids decreased with PG + RUP. It is suggested that these changes might be caused predominantly by PG, and the addition of PG may exert a favorable effect on milk production through increased metabolism. 相似文献