Evaluating and Comparing the Natural Cell Structure and Dimensions of Honey Bee Comb Cells of Chinese Bee,Apis cerana cerana (Hymenoptera: Apidae) and Italian Bee,Apis mellifera ligustica (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

The hexagonal structure of the honey bee comb cell has been the source of many studies attempting to understand its structure and function. In the storage area of the comb, only honey is stored and no brood is reared. We predicted that honey bees may construct different hexagonal cells for brood rearing and honey storage. We used quantitative analyses to evaluate the structure and function of the natural comb cell in the Chinese bee, Apis cerana cerana and the Italian bee, A. mellifera ligustica. We made cell molds using a crystal glue solution and measured the structure and inclination of cells. We found that the comb cells of A. c. cerana had both upward-sloping and downward-sloping cells; while the A. m. ligustica cells all tilted upwards. Interestingly, the cells did not conform to the regular hexagonal prism structure and showed irregular diameter sizes. In both species, comb cells also were differentiated into worker, drone and honey cells, differing in their diameter and depth. This study revealed unique differences in the structure and function of comb cells and showed that honey bees design their cells with precise engineering to increase storage capacity, and to create adequate growing room for their brood.     

干旱胁迫对3种冷季型草坪草光谱反射率及生理特征的影响

为探讨高光谱分析技术在草坪草水分监测上的应用,以草地早熟禾、高羊茅、多年生黑麦草为试验材料,测定了干旱胁迫下3种冷季型草坪草生理指标及光谱反射率。结果表明:随着干旱胁迫程度的加深,供试草坪草叶片相对含水量和叶绿素含量显著下降(P0.05),丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量及敏感波段的(550和760 nm)的光谱反射率显著上升(P0.05),3种草坪草抗旱性能的强弱顺序为:高羊茅多年生黑麦草草地早熟禾。3种草坪草敏感波段光谱反射率(R_(550 nm),R_(760 nm))及高光谱参数(Rg,R0,GNDVI)与生理指标间呈显著或极显著相关,以R_(550 nm)与生理指标间的相关系数绝对值最大。同时R_(550 nm)构建了供试草坪草生理指标的估测模型,经检验,模型估测值与实测值相关性达显著或极显著水平。     

热水处理对鲜切石榴籽粒贮藏品质、抗氧化能力及微生物变化的影响

以石榴为试材,采用热处理法,研究了不同处理条件对保鲜期间鲜切石榴籽粒贮藏品质、抗氧化能力及微生物变化的影响。结果表明:鲜切石榴籽粒经过40℃10min、45℃6min、50℃4min的热处理,其中50℃4min的热处理能够提高石榴籽粒可溶性固形物含量,减轻石榴籽粒贮藏期间的质量损失,提高石榴籽粒的抗氧化活性,抑制霉菌酵母的生长繁殖,使得石榴籽粒保持较好的感官品质,延缓石榴籽粒的衰老进程。     

A peptide of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype Asia1 generating a neutralizing antibody response, and an immunostimulatory peptide

The epitopes of the capsid of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) play important roles in the construction of highly immunogenic subunit vaccines. However few epitopes have been found for FMDV serotype Asia1. In this study we screened for epitopes of the VP1 and VP2 proteins of FMDV serotype Asia1 isolate, YNBS/58. Fragments consisting of amino acids 133-163 of VP1 and amino acids 1-33 of VP2 contained epitopes, and both induced lymphoproliferation in guinea pigs. Only the VP1 fragment induced neutralizing antibodies but the VP2 peptide dramatically increased the neutralizing antibody response induced by the VP1 peptide.     

小麦新陈快速鉴别方法的研究

对小麦的新陈快速鉴别方法进行了研究。研究结果表明,愈创木酚法在小麦收获后的前两个月用于现场收购当年产的新麦,有较高的准确度;酸度指示法在一定程度上可以快速判断小麦的新鲜程度,适用于异地调运新麦。     

A Study of the Vertical Vibration of the 4200 Thick Plate Rolling Mills

In this paper,the mill stand and the rolled piece were studied as a system. Based on the disoreted masses and the deformation of bending curve of the roller and roll housing, according to Rayleigh method,the equivalent mass and and the equivalent stiffness of the mode were solved,and set up a multiple degree of freedom vibration dynamic model. And also did theoretical analysis and calculation with an exapmle of the 4200 thick plate rolling mills.     

THE STUDY OF STRAIN FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION BEHAVOURS OF VANADIUM BEARING HSLA STEEL

In this paper, the strain fatigue: crack propagation rates of vanadium bearing HSLA steel with different micro-structures are measured under constant load conditions, and the relationship between the crack propagation rate and the microstructures of steel is also studied.     

A Study on the Mathematical Models for Two Dimensional Guillotine Cullting-stock

Based on the analysis and study on some existed models for two-dimensional Guillotine Cutting-Stock problem, it is pointed out that some kinds of the models may miss some good cutting patterns,and some may result in inadequate solutions because of only considering the patterns with the smallest waste. A kind of revised two-dimensional cutting-stock models are developed,which transform the two-dimensional problem into the one-dimensional one using the dimension-decreasing heuristic method and whose initial patterns are considered comprehensively. In this kind of models, not only the least waste,but also the other constraints,such as the demands and the relative area of the order plates are considered.