引进亚麻荠资源的生物学及品质特性的研究

为了解国内外亚麻荠资源的产量和品质特性,筛选高产、优质的亚麻荠种质资源,以引进亚麻荠资源为试材,采用田间试验与室内品质分析相结合的方法,对引进亚麻荠资源的生物学及品质特性进行了分析。结果表明:在东经128°,北纬42°的长白山区引进亚麻荠的生育期为102~107d,籽粒产量为2 245~3 270kg·hm-2,出油率达27.00%~29.67%,粗蛋白含量为20.77%~26.17%,粗脂肪含量为25.24%~33.13%。不饱和脂肪酸油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸含量分别高达13.70%~16.71%、12.18%~17.29%和36.39%~37.57%,3种不饱和脂肪酸总量达65.24%~67.68%。     

Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to assess blood perfusion of skeletal muscles in normal dogs

This study evaluated perfusion of skeletal muscle using contrast enhanced ultrasonography in humerus, radius, femur and tibia in normal dogs. Contrast enhanced ultrasonography for each region was performed after injecting 0.5 mL and 1 mL of contrast medium (SonoVue) in every dog. Blood perfusion was assessed quantitatively by measuring the peak intensity, time to the peak intensity and area under the curve from the time–intensity curve. Vascularization in skeletal muscle was qualitatively graded with a score of 0–3 according to the number of vascular signals. A parabolic shape of time–intensity curve was observed from muscles in normal dogs, and time to the peak intensity, the peak intensity and area under the curve of each muscle were not significantly different according to the appendicular regions examined and the dosage of contrast agent administered. This study reports that feasibility of contrast enhanced ultrasonography for assessment of the muscular perfusion in canine appendicular regions.     

Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis with prominent appendicular bone proliferation in a dog

This report described radiographic and CT features of atypical diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis in a 5 year-old, female Shih-tzu showing marked proliferative bone lesions in the appendicular skeleton with minor spinal changes. Continuous or flowing bony bridge formation of vertebrae is used as the gold standard for diagnosing diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. However, this criterion seems not to be suitable for appendicular type diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, as in the present case. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is a progressive skeletal disease, and thus, enthesophytosis and the multiple bony proliferations at insertion sites of ligaments and tendons to appendicular bones in a lamellar or trabecular pattern were considered diagnostic features of the appendicular type of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.     

The comparative tuberculin test in guinea pigs using PPD extracts prepared from mycobacteria killed with phenol

Summary. Purified-protein-derivative (PPD) extracts were prepared from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (PPD-S), M. bovis (PPD-BS), M. avium (PPD-A) and M. kansasii (PPD-K), after killing the cultures with phenol. The reactions were assessed in guinea pigs sensitised to a range of mycobacteria, with a view to selecting a suitable pairing of the extracts to distinguish sensitivity due to M. tuberculosis or M. bovis from that due to other mycobacteria.
Sensitisation induced by M. bovis was best distinguished from others using PPD-S and PPD-A; for sensitisation by atypical mycobacteria, PPD-BS was better than PPD-S, used with either PPD-K or PPD-A, PPD-BS was more specific than PPD-S.
Using PPD-BS, PPD-A and PPD-K in a comparative test, 3 groups were recognised: those sensitive to M. bovis or M. tuberculosis (greatest reaction was to PPD-BS); those sensitive to M. avium, M. Intracellulare and M. scrofulaceum (greatest reaction was to PPD-A); those sensitive to M. kansasii, M. marium, M. gordonae and M. fortuitum (greatest reaction was to PPD-K).     

Synthesis and herbicidal activity of new 3-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)-5-(2,6-difluorobenzyl)oxymethyl-5-methyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole as a paddy field herbicide

A new compound 3-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)-5-(2,6-difluorobenzyl)oxymethyl-5-methyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazole was synthesized and the herbicidal activity was assessed under glasshouse and flooded paddy field conditions. This compound demonstrated good rice selectivity and potent herbicidal activity against annual weeds at 125 g ai ha⁻¹ under greenhouse conditions. Soil application of this compound showed the complete control of barnyardgrass to the 4th leaf stage at 250 g ai ha⁻¹. Field trials indicated that this compound, combined with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, controlled annual and perennial weeds rapidly with good tolerance by transplanted rice seedlings from postemergence and soil application. This compound showed a low mammalian and environmental toxicity in various toxicological tests.     

Development of real-time onion disease monitoring system using image acquisition

In this study, real-time disease monitoring was conducted on onion which is the most representative crop in Republic of Korea, using an image acquisition system newly developed for the mobile measurement of phenotype. The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy of prediction of disease and state variables by processing images acquired from monitoring. The image acquisition system was consisted of two parts, a motorized driving system and a PTZ (pan, tilt and zoom) camera to take images of the plants. The acquired images were processed as follows. Noise was removed through an image filter and RGB (red, green and blue) colors were converted to HSV (hue, saturation and value), which enabled thresholding of areas with different colors and properties for image binarization by comparing the color of onion leaf with ambient areas. Four objects with the most significant browning in the onion leaf to the naked eye were selected as the samples for data acquired. The thresholding method with image processing was found to be superior to the naked eye in identifying accurate disease areas. In addition, it was found that the incidence of disease was different in each disease area ratio. As a result, the use of image acquisition system in image processing analysis will enable more prompt detection of any changes in the onion and monitoring of disease outbreaks during the crop lifecycle.     

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY FOR EVALUATION OF PULMONARY EMBOLISM IN AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL AND HEARTWORM INFESTED DOGS

This study was performed to characterize pulmonary embolism with computed tomography pulmonary angiography in experimental pulmonary embolism and heartworm infected dogs. In the experimental group, there were pulmonary changes after pulmonary embolism induction as follows: hypoattenuating round filling defects in pulmonary arteries, arterial dilations with straight and abrupt cut‐off appearances in the pulmonary embolism regions, pulmonary infarctions, a cavity formation and spontaneous pneumothorax, and emboli migration. In the heartworm‐infected group, three out of eight dogs developed pulmonary embolism, especially in the right caudal arteries. Arterial dilations with typical tortuosity were also identified, mainly in the right caudal arteries in five dogs. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography can be an important imaging modality in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism and the evaluation of pulmonary arterial and parenchymal changes in dogs.     

利用SAGE库挖掘有功能的假设基因

利用生物信息学方法,从人大动脉内皮细胞(HAECs)低氧处理的基因表达的系列分析(SAGE)中,挖掘出许多与低氧反应相关的假设基因。共预测到369个有功能的假设基因,其表达产物大部分与信号传导和基因的表达调控相关。选择了8个候选基因,RT—PCR验证其是否真正表达,其中7个为真基因。半定量RT—PCR表明,这些基因表达水平的变化在低氧处理的人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)中得到验证。结果表明：SAGE库中包含丰富的假设基因资源,可以用生物信息学方法从中鉴定与特定生理或病理过程相关的假设基因。     

不同浓度油酸对延边牛骨骼肌卫星细胞成脂转分化的影响

试验旨在探究油酸对延边牛骨骼肌卫星细胞成脂转分化的影响。试验设1个空白对照组（CON）和3个油酸（OA）诱导组：50、100、200 μmol/L油酸组（OAL、OAM、OAH）。油酸诱导96 h后,通过测定细胞大小及活力评估油酸对细胞的影响。通过油红O染色和测定甘油三酯来验证脂滴的形成,通过实时荧光定量PCR测定相关成肌成脂基因的表达水平来验证脂肪细胞的生成。结果显示,与对照组相比,添加油酸后,延边牛骨骼肌卫星细胞内有脂滴生成,并且脂滴形成量、甘油三酯累积量与油酸呈剂量依赖关系;实时荧光定量PCR测定结果表明,成肌相关因子Pax3、MyoD显著下调（P<0.05）,成脂相关因子C/EBPβ、PPARγ显著上调（P<0.05）,脂肪酸代谢相关因子SCD显著下调（P<0.05）,PLIN2基因显著上调（P<0.05）。综合上述试验结果,用油酸诱导处理延边牛骨骼肌卫星细胞可促进细胞的成脂转分化。     

The effect of glycyrrhizin on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), leucocyte responses

Abstract. Treatment of rainbow trout macrophages with glycyrrhizin (GL), an aqueous extract of licorice, Glycyrrhiza glabra , enhanced their respiratory burst activity. Maximal effects were seen using concentrations of 10–100 μml⁻¹. GL also modulated trout lymphocytes, increasing proliferation responses to the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin some two-fold over a range of GL concentrations. In addition, GL elicited the release of a macrophage activating factor (MAF) from head kidney leucocytes, as assessed by the ability of generated supernatants to increase respiratory burst activity of target macrophages. MAF activity was most apparent using 100 μg ml⁻¹ GL to induce MAF release and a 48-h incubation period with the target macrophages. Finally, GL was shown to enhance the release of MAF in response to the mitogen concanavalin A. The possible use of GL as a stimulant of fish innate defences is discussed.