应用银黑狐精液改良蓝狐配种技术

试验结果表明 ,利用银狐精液 ,采用人工授精的方法改良蓝狐得到很好的效果 ,受胎率可达 92 %。     

黑龙江干流水质评价与预测

为探究黑龙江干流水质对居民生活和农业灌溉用水的影响,选择溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、氨氮和p H四项监测指标作为研究对象,对漠河北极村、大兴安岭呼玛、黑河和伊春嘉荫四个断面过去一年每周水质监测数据进行预处理,运用物元综合评价模型,对黑龙江干流水质做出综合评价。然后根据监测结果,采用灰色预测模型对相应地区未来26周的各项监测指标进行预测。结果表明:漠河北极村、大兴安岭呼玛断面水质主要为Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类,黑河断面水质主要为Ⅱ类和Ⅲ类,伊春嘉荫断面水质主要呈Ⅰ类和Ⅲ类。漠河北极村、大兴安岭呼玛断面未来26周水质较好,黑河断面高锰酸盐浓度较高,伊春嘉荫断面高锰酸盐与氨氮浓度均较高。研究表明:黑龙江干流水质基本可以满足居民生活和农业灌溉用水需要,运用物元分析法和灰色预测模型对水质进行评价及预测是可行的。     

Effects of fruit bagging on coloring and related physiology,and qualities of red Chinese sand pears during fruit maturation

Red Chinese sand pears (Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai) are particular to China. In order to determine the effects of fruit bagging treatments (including bag types, bag removal patterns and dates) on fruit qualities and to understand the mechanism of coloring of red Chinese sand pears, two experiments were carried out. In the first experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ were firstly covered by light-impermeable paper bags with different levels of light permeable liners during their early development stage, then, the whole bag were/not removed or only the outer layer of bags were removed 3, 2 or 1 weeks before harvest. Thus, the fruit were/not totally re-exposed or were under different levels of sunlight transmission (80.31% or 34.71%). Non-bagged fruit were used as the control. Bagging treatments significantly affected the concentration of anthocyanin and the visual qualities of pear fruit. Compared to control, fruit re-exposed totally for 2 or 3 weeks accumulated the largest amount of anthocyanin and fruit receiving 80.31% and 34.71% of sunlight for 1–3 weeks could synthesize a little anthocyanin, indicating that high light intensity is imperative for coloring in red Chinese sand pears. Bagging treatments did not affect contents of total soluble sugars, but decreased organic acids contents in fruit. In the second experiment, fruit of ‘Meirensu’ and ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ were covered with only one type of light-impermeable bag during the early development stage and totally re-exposed after the bag removal 15 days before harvest. Fruit were then collected at different intervals to trace the time-course of coloring, and related physiology and inner qualities. With increasing time after the bag removal, the concentration of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and total phenols changed little, but the concentration of anthocyanin accumulated extremely fast within 10 days after the bag removal in both cultivars and thereafter kept constant. ‘Yunhongli No. 1’ had higher anthocyanin contents and lower hue angle than ‘Meirensu’, indicating a higher potential of anthocyanin synthesis. After the bag removal, the sucrose contents and PAL activities increased gradually and correlation analysis revealed that they were highly correlated with anthocyanin accumulation in two cultivars. This study suggests that anthocyanin biosynthesis in red Chinese sand pears is a highly light dependent process and modified by genotypes. Based on the current results, in order to obtain red Chinese sand pear fruit with attractive appearance and good inner qualities, fruit must be covered with light-impermeable bags at the early stage of fruit development and the bag should be removed totally at least 10 days before harvest.     

聚合物发光二极管的研究进展

对共轭聚合物中进行电运输及电致发光器件－聚合物发光二极管的研究进展进行了综述。     

牛蛙腐皮病病变皮肤亚显微结构的观察

为揭示牛蛙腐皮病的病理形态和发病的机理，采用透射电镜对病蛙不同病期的病变皮肤进行了观察，皮肤病变早期可见角化层脱落，状上皮细胞连接疏松，桥粒减少，随着病情发展细胞间隙增宽，桥粒进一步减少，细胞核固缩、溶解，细胞裂解；病变后期，表皮层崩解，真皮层胶原纤维溶解，炎症区有大量炎症细胞浸润，并可见吞噬了细菌的单核与中性粒细胞。     

草方格铺设机器人多体动力学仿真与试

采用Pro/E和ADAMS软件相结合的方法,建立了草方格铺设机器人动力学模型,同时探讨了二者联合建模仿真的一般步骤.模型添加必要的边界条件后,对纵向压轮和横向插刀正常动作时的草方格铺设机器人振动状态进行了仿真.通过仿真,得到了牵引车、纵向铺设机构、横向铺设机构、纵向压轮和横向插刀质心的位移、速度以及加速度曲线.分析了这些曲线出现波动的原因,为进一步的优化提供了数据.通过试验,得到实际状态下的试验曲线,并与仿真曲线进行对照,证实了草方格铺设机器人仿真模型和仿真结果的合理性和可靠性.     

论现代化进程中农村消费文化的建设

建设农村消费文化对提高农民的非物质福利,促进农村经济与社会的发展具有很重要的现实意义;目前农村消费文化呈现消费观念的落后性,消费结构的失衡性,消费标准的趋同性以及消费水平的低层次性;因此要不断加强教育,发展农村经济,加强行政引导,构建既有传统合理内核又具有时代气息的农村消费新文化.     

Development of buffer methods and evaluation of pedotransfer functions to estimate pH buffer capacity of highly weathered soils

The pH buffer capacity of a soil (pHBC) determines the amount of lime required to raise the pH of the soil layer from its initial acid condition to an optimal pH for plant growth and the time available under current net acid addition rate (NAAR) until the soil layer acidifies to a critical pH leading to likely production losses. Accurate values of pHBC can also be used to calculate NAAR from observed changes in soil pH. In spite of its importance, there is a critical shortage of pHBC data, likely due to the long period of time needed for its direct measurement. This work aimed to develop quick, simple and reliable methods of pHBC measurement and to test these methods against a slow (7‐day) titration used as benchmark. The method developed here calculates pHBC directly from the pH buffer capacity of the buffer solution and the increase in soil pH and corresponding decrease in pH of the buffer solution following mixing and equilibration. The pHBC values calculated using Adams and Evans or modified Woodruff buffers were in accord with those measured by slow titration. Buffer methods are easily deployed in commercial and research laboratories as well as in the field. The advantage of using buffer solutions to calculate pHBC instead of lime requirement is the broad application of this soil property. The pHBC of a soil is an intrinsic property that would not be expected to need remeasurement over periods of less than decades. Recurring lime requirement can be calculated from the soil's pHBC, initial and target pH values. A large proportion of the variability in pHBC was explained by the soil organic carbon content. This relationship between pHBC and soil organic carbon content allowed us to develop local pedotransfer functions to estimate pHBC for different regions of Australia.     

^60Co—γ射线诱发的籼型温敏核不育水稻叶色突变系变异分析

＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线诱发的８个灿温敏核不育系水稻叶色突变系可分为三种类型，即叶色突变高温表达型、低温表达型及温钝型。