CaCl2处理对铁棍山药块茎采后品质的影响

试验研究了CaCl2处理对铁棍山药采后贮藏过程中块茎品质的影响。结果表明:块茎含水量快速下降是其品质降低的关键因素。用适宜浓度(0.1%~1.0%)的CaCl2处理,可明显抑制贮藏期间铁棍山药块茎含水量的下降,使块茎褐变率大大降低,可溶性蛋白和可溶性总糖含量维持在较高的水平,而较高浓度(2.0%)的CaCl2处理则作用相反。     

The Genetic Diversity and Phylogenetic Status of Luxi Cattle

A total of 87 individuals of Luxi cattle from Juanchen and Liangshan counties, Shangdong Province, China, were sampled by simple random sampling in typical colony. Twenty-one blood proteins and enzymes loci were detected by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE） and starch gel electrophoresis （SGE）. In the meantime, the data of 7 loci of 13 cattle populations in China and other countries were collected and phylogeny relationships were studied. The results indicated that 9 out of 21 loci showed polymorphism （42.86%）; the level of genetic variation in Luxi cattle population was relatively high, the mean heterozygosity was 0.1416. The Luxi cattle have a close phylogenetic relationship with the cattle populations of east and south of Asia, and this further confirmed the fact that Luxi cattle were the cross-breed between the Bos taurus and Bos indicus in China, but it is impossible that yellow cattle contained the blood of of Bali.     

过量施用钾肥对花生生长的抑制作用

通过花生盆栽砂培试验,研究不同钾肥处理对花生萌发、出苗和生长发育的影响,分析不同钾肥对花生造成的毒害原因,结果表明：在低水平,K2SO4处理的效果比KCl好,而高水平,KCl处理的效果比较K2SO4好,对同一种钾肥,均随着施钾量的增大,花生受到的毒害作用也越大。但以KCl处理毒害更重,发生毒害的时间也提前,两种钾肥处理均以施K2O1．0g/kg砂水平为最佳,在生产上低水平施用K2SO4将更为安全。     

六倍体小麦（AABBDD）及其近缘种属野生二粒小麦和粗山羊草叶绿体SSR遗传差异研究

 【目的】系统分析不同小麦种的细胞质基因组遗传差异，用以发掘和利用新的小麦种质资源。【方法】采用24个叶绿体基因组微卫星分子标记，对普通小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）、斯卑尔脱小麦（Triticum spelta L.）、密穗小麦（Triticum compactum Host.）和中国特有小麦（新疆稻麦T. petropavlavskyi、西藏半野生小麦T. tibetanum和云南铁壳麦T. yunnanense）等不同类型六倍体小麦（AABBDD）叶绿体基因组的遗传多样性进行比较分析。【结果】与普通小麦相比，斯卑尔脱小麦和西藏半野生小麦等群体内的叶绿体遗传变异更丰富，可以作为普通小麦新的细胞质遗传变异来源；与粗山羊草相比，野生二粒小麦与六倍体小麦间存在更近的亲缘关系，这与前人关于二粒小麦是六倍体细胞质供体的研究结果相印证；研究还发现，新疆稻麦与普通小麦在叶绿体基因组上具有很近的亲缘关系，为新疆稻麦是由波兰小麦与普通小麦杂交再由普通小麦回交后产生的假说提供了分子水平上的证据。【结论】斯卑尔脱小麦和西藏半野生小麦等群体内的叶绿体遗传变异比普通小麦更丰富；野生二粒小麦与六倍体小麦以及新疆稻麦与普通小麦之间具有很近的亲缘关系，为不同小麦种的遗传差异提供依据。     

一种简单经济的提取水稻未成熟种子RNA的方法

多糖污染是从田间水稻叶片和未成熟种子等高含糖组织中提取高质量RNA的主要限制因素.我们介绍一种简单经济的RNA提取方法,它适合从水稻叶片和未成熟种子这些富含多糖的组织中提取总RNA.这种方法可以克服产率低和质量低的问题.RNA提取后经过电泳和分光光度计分析结果表明,每克水稻组织总RNA产率在520 μg到800 μg之间,OD260/230比值大于2.0,OD260/280比值大于1.9.提取的RNA可以用于体外反转录cDNA、mRNA分离和基因表达系列分析（serial analysis of gene expression,SAGE）库的构建.     

活性氧(ROS)对小鼠早期胚胎染色体数目的影响

小鼠体内发育的囊胚、扩张囊胚和从1-细胞期取出在CZB培养液中培养的囊胚、扩张囊胚的染色体数目分别是39．00，38．43和42．47，39．56．经统计分析。体内与体外CZB培养的染色体数目无显著性差异．体外CZB培养的不同时期添加外源性H2O2，发育至囊胚、扩张囊胚阶段，制作胚胎标本，观察胚胎的染色体数目．结果显示：扩张囊胚的0～72h组的染色体数目与对照组的染色体数目有显著性差异（P〈0．05），而其它各发育阶段的各处理组染色体数目之间均无显著性差异．说明经H2O2处理之后存活下来的胚胎与正常体外发育的胚胎染色体数目没有差异．     

A Preliminary Study on Dynamics and Models of N, P, K Absorption for High-Yield Cotton

The field experiments were carried out to investigate the dynamics and models of N, P and K ab-sorption for the cotton plants with a lint of 3 000 kg ha-1 in Xinjiang. The main results were as follows: Thecontents of N, P2O5, K2O in cotton leaves, stems, squares and bolls decreased obviously with the time over thewhole growth duration and the falling extent was greater in high-yield cotton than in CK. Contents of N inleaves, squares and bolls, in particular in the leaves of fruit-bearing shoot was higher in high-yield cotton thanin CK. Contents of P2O5 in squares and bolls and that of K2O in stems were higher in high-yield cotton than inCK during the whole growing period. The accumulations of N, P2O5 and K2O in the cotton plants could be de-scribed with a logistic curve equation. There was the fastest nutrient uptake at about 90 d for N, 92 d for P2O5and 85 d for K2O after emergence, respectively. Total nutrient accumulation of N, P2 O5 and K2O was 385.8,244.7 and 340.3 kg ha-1 , respectively. Approximately 12.5 kg N, 8.0 kg P2O5 and 11.1 kg K2O were neededfor producing 100 kg lint with the leaves and stems under the super high yield condition of 3 000 kg ha-1 inXinjiang.     

刺玫蔷薇茎中二氢槲皮素的提取

探索了从刺玫蔷薇茎中提取二氢槲皮素的工艺,考察了提取温度、提取剂浓度、料液比、时间4个因素对二氢槲皮素得率的影响。通过正交试验确定最佳条件:提取温度为30℃,丙酮浓度为70%,料液比为1∶16,提取时间为4h。     

石油污染土壤植物修复后对陆生高等植物的生态毒性

以经过5a植物修复处理后的石油污染土壤为供试土壤(柴油初始投加量分别为5 000,15 000,30 000 mg/kg),用重量法测定了土壤中残留矿物油含量,同时,以小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)为供试植物,以种子发芽及根伸长试验、早期幼苗生长试验、叶片内细胞色素P450单加氧酶(P450)含量、抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶,SOD;过氧化物酶,POD)活性及脂质过氧化产物(丙二醛,MDA)含量等为指标对受试土壤进行生态毒理学综合评价.化学分析结果表明,各处理土壤中的矿物油均     

山羊BLG基因5′调控序列克隆及其调控GFP基因细胞的表达

通过PCR扩增出2.2kb的山羊β-乳球蛋白基因5′端的调控序列,包括第一外显子和第一内含子。测序结果表明,该序列与GenBank中登录序列相比,同源性为99.5%。用其替代表达载体pEGFP-c1上原来的启动子CMV,指导报告基因绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)在山羊乳腺细胞中的瞬时表达,结果发现该调控序列可以有效指导报告基因的表达,从而初步验证了所克隆的山羊乳球蛋白(BLG)基因表达调控序列的有效性。表明克隆的调控序列可用于乳腺生物反应器的研究。