西藏蔷薇科观赏植物资源及多样性研究

西藏拥有独特的高原自然环境条件和地理优势,为植物提供了较好的生长环境,孕育了许多具有特色的植物资源。采用野外实地踏查,采集、整理标本以及查阅大量文献等方法,对该区蔷薇科观赏植物资源及多样性进行了系统的研究。结果表明:该区共有蔷薇科观赏植物30属244种,是西藏种子植物区系中的第五大科,种数仅次于菊科、禾本科、豆科、杜鹃花科。其中,单种属有8属,占该区蔷薇科植物总属数26.67%;寡种属(含2~10种)有14属,占总属数46.67%;大型属(11种及以上)有8属,占总属数26.67%。水平分布上以藏东南高山深谷区的种数最多,有162种,占种数的66.94%;垂直分布上以海拔800~5 200m处为主。与四川、云南的相似性程度最高。该区以伯舒拉岭以北的三江河谷地带;尼洋河、帕龙藏布流域、易贡藏布中上游及雅鲁藏布江中游地区;喜马拉雅山脉东段南翼,伯舒拉岭以西的低山地带等暖湿带生境的丰富度最高。该区蔷薇科观赏植物地理分布类型共8种和4个分布区变形,温带成分优势突出,与北温带、旧世界温带、东亚都存在着联系;热带成分次之。该区蔷薇科观赏植物以观花观果类优势最为明显。研究认为,西藏蔷薇科观赏植物资源较丰富,对西藏地区寒冷、多岩石、土壤贫瘠等恶劣的生态环境来说,无疑是丰富局部区域生态群落结构、增加园林植物种类、提高绿化率优良植物。     

基于SIMDual_Kc模型估算非充分灌水条件下冬小麦蒸散量

为研究关中冬小麦植株蒸腾和土壤蒸发规律,利用2 a冬小麦小区控水试验实测数据,率定和验证了双作物系数SIMDual_Kc模型在关中地区的适用性.用大型称重式蒸渗仪的实测蒸散量值(或水量平衡法计算值)与模型模拟值进行对比.结果表明:SIMDualKc模型可较准确地模拟关中不同水分条件下冬小麦蒸散量,且模拟精度较高.模型估算的平均绝对误差为0.643 3 mm/d.模型估算的冬小麦初期、中期和后期的基础作物系数分别为0.35,1.30,0.20.另外,模型还可以较准确地估算不同水分供应条件下的土壤水分胁迫系数、土壤蒸发量和植株蒸散量.冬小麦整个生育期,土壤蒸发主要发生在作物生育前期,中期较低,后期略微增大;植株蒸腾主要发生在作物快速生长期和生长中期,整个生育期中呈先增大后减小的趋势.     

快速灵敏的甘蔗线条花叶病毒免疫学检测体系的建立

 甘蔗花叶病广泛存在于我国甘蔗种植区,严重影响甘蔗产业的高质量发展。近年来甘蔗线条花叶病毒在蔗区肆虐,尽管针对其的血清学检测技术已经建立,但是快速、准确、高通量的检测方法亟待发掘。本研究制备了^SCSMVCP的抗血清,特异性高,与引起甘蔗花叶病的另两种病原 (高粱花叶病毒和甘蔗花叶病毒) 间没有血清学交叉反应。基于该多克隆抗体,建立了直接抗原包被的ELISA、斑点杂交、Western blot和基于多抗的免疫试纸条检测技术。开发的免疫试纸条检测技术能快速、准确、高通量应用于田间病毒鉴定。本文提供了基于血清学的快速、准确、高通量,且便捷的甘蔗线条花叶病毒检测技术,有助于我国蔗区甘蔗花叶病的监测与防控。     

Effect of xeroderma pigmentosum group D gene on proliferation of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells induced by Ox-LDL

AIM: To investigate the effects of xeroderma pigmentosum group D (XPD) gene on the proliferation of human umbilical arterial smooth muscle cells (HUASMCs) induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL). METHODS: The recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N2/XPD was transfected into HUASMCs by liposome. The cells were divided into blank control group, pEGFP-N2 group, pEGFP-N2/XPD group, Ox-LDL group, Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2 group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group. The proliferation rate of the cells was detected by MTT and EdU assays. The apoptotic rate and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein levels of XPD, caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with blank control group, the expression of XPD was increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group (P<0.05). According to the results of MTT and EdU assays, the cell proliferation in pEGFP-N2/XPD group was reduced compared with blank control group (P<0.05). Compared with Ox-LDL group, the cell proliferation in Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group was significantly inhibited (P<0.05). According to the results of flow cytometry, the cell proportion of S phase decreased and the G₀/G₁-phase cell proportion increased significantly in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, repectively (P<0.05). Compared with blank control group and Ox-LDL group, the protein level of Bcl-2 decreased and the protein levels of Bax and cleaved caspase-3 increased in pEGFP-N2/XPD group and Ox-LDL+pEGFP-N2/XPD group, respectively (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: XPD inhibits the proliferation of HUASMCs and promotes their apoptosis, and reduces the promoting effect of Ox-LDL on the proliferation of HUVSMCs. XPD may be the target for treatment of atherosclerosis.     

Lycopene protects primary mouse cerebrocortical neurons against t-BHP-induced damage in vitro

AIM: To investigate the protective effect of lycopene on primary mouse cerebrocortical neurons exposed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) and its mechanisms of in vitro.METHODS: Primary cerebrocortical neurons of newborn C57 mice were extracted and divided into normal group, t-BHP group, lycopene+t-BHP group and lycopene group. The neuronal damage was induced by t-BHP exposure for 24 h, and the cell viability was examined by MTT assay. ROS content was measured by flow cytometry, and the protein levels of Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome C were examined by Western blot.RESULTS: The primary mouse cortical neurons expressed MAP-2 protein. Lycopene at concentration of 4 μmol/L reversed the decrease in cell viability. Flow cytometry revealed that lycopene treatment attenuated ROS content under the condition of t-BHP exposure. In addition, the protein level of Bcl-2 was increased, and the expression of Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome-C was suppressed in lycopene+t-BHP group.CONCLUSION: The protective effect of lycopene on cortical neurons with t-BHP-induced injury may be involved in the mechanism of neuronal antioxidative response by down-regulating caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway.     

用模糊综合评判法预测马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量

为了提高马尾松毛虫一代、二代幼虫高峰期发生量预报的准确性,为有效防治马尾松毛虫提供科学依据,本文运用模糊综合评判的6个数学模型预测安徽省潜山县马尾松毛虫一代、二代幼虫高峰期的发生量,验证预报1989年、1994年、2002年和2017年一代马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量,预报结果分别为2级、4级、2级和1级,与实况级别完全吻合,预报结果准确。预报1989年、1994年、2002年和2017年二代马尾松毛虫幼虫高峰期发生量,预报结果依次是4级、5级、2级和1级。同样与实况级别全部相同。预报的准确率为100%,模糊综合评判法是一个运算简便、准确性高的预报方法。     

贵州山区鲜食糯玉米丰产稳产性分析及评价

为摸索鲜食糯玉米在贵州不同生态区的丰产性,选择贵州省代表不同生态条件的6个区域,对苏科花糯2008、苏科糯3号、筑甜糯1328等12个鲜食糯玉米组合进行田间种植试验.试验结果经“DPS数据处理系统(V 15)”统计分析,得出鲜食糯玉米产量与主要农艺、经济性状的关联度排序为:穗行数＞行粒数＞穗长＞穗粗＞生育期＞鲜百粒重＞株高＞穗位高＞鲜出籽率＞秃尖长;12个参试组合与对照黔糯868比较,在丰产性、稳产性、适应性及蒸煮品质等方面综合考察,筑甜糯1328、筑甜糯2 M 1313、筑糯13A1具有产量高,品质佳,适口性好等特点,在生产中具有较好的推广前景.     

乡村振兴背景下祠堂文化实践价值探析——基于江西省赣中景贤村 J氏祠堂的调查

在乡村振兴背景下，农民群众对于美好生活的获得感、幸福感和安全感的追求更加强烈，主体意识和自我发展需求随之增强，作为乡村记忆符号的祠堂文化也迎来了新的发展。祠堂文化是社会存在的反映，具有社会性、传承性、稳定性和时代性等特征，发挥着保证、凝聚、育人和激励等功能。将祠堂文化与乡村思想政治工作相融合，通过推进美好乡风和乡村振兴建设，实现美丽乡村建设新发展。     

历史和逻辑的双重缺失——巴赫金狂欢理论批判

巴赫金的狂欢理论是一个建构在扭曲的史实性描述基础上的理论大厦，其一系列重大的文化史结论如“两种生活和思维体系”、“狂欢节世界观”和“大型对话的开放性结构”等，都是建构在虚幻的史实性描述之上的理论想象。这种想象极大地歪曲了狂欢节的真实面貌和文化功能，虚构了狂欢节与官方文化宗教文化之间的文化冲突和价值对抗，在历史和逻辑双重意义上，都有着根本性缺失，是一个体系性的文化史虚构。     

Development of IP and SCAR markers linked to the yellow seed color gene in Brassica juncea L.

Previous studies showed that the yellow seed color gene of a yellow mustard was located on the A09 chromosome. In this study, the sequences of the molecular markers linked to the yellow seed color gene were analyzed, the gene was primarily mapped to an interval of 23.304 to 29.402M. Twenty genes and eight markers’ sequences in this region were selected to design the IP and SCAR primers. These primers were used to screen a BC₈S₁ population consisting of 1256 individuals. As a result, five IP and five SCAR markers were successfully developed. IP4 and Y1 were located on either side of the yellow seed color gene at a distance of 0.1 and 0.3 cM, respectively. IP1, IP2 and IP3 derived from Bra036827, Bra036828, Bra036829 separately, co-segregated with the target gene. BLAST analysis indicated that the sequences of newly developed markers showed good collinearity with those of the A09 chromosome, and that the target gene might exist between 27.079 and 27.616M. In light of annotations of the genes in this region, only Bra036828 is associated with flavonoid biosynthesis. This gene has high similarity with the TRANSPARENT TESTA6 gene, Bra036828 was hence identified as being the gene possibly responsible for yellow seed color, in our research.