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92.
以水溶性聚合物聚乙烯醇(PVA)和水不溶性聚合物乙酸乙烯-乙烯共聚物(VAE)乳液为原料,采用溶液共混法制备了PVA-VAE共混膜,为农药成膜剂的制备开辟了新途径。红外光谱、透射电镜、激光粒度仪测试结果显示,PVA溶液中的胶束被打开,体系的比表面积急剧增大,两相间的界面消失,说明共混体系分子间具有良好的相容性;透水性与耐水性测定结果表明,PVA-VAE的质量比为80∶ 20、70∶ 30、60∶ 40时其共混膜的性能适用于农药种衣剂的成膜剂;种子发芽试验显示,与单独使用PVA膜相比,引入适当比例VAE后的共混膜用于种子包衣,其耐水性显著提高,渗水率适宜,对种子发芽无明显影响。 相似文献
93.
94.
Gengmei?Xing Jun?Zhang Jing?Liu Xiaoyan?Zhang Genxuan?WangEmail author Yafu?Wang 《Phytoparasitica》2003,31(5):499-514
The impacts of elevated CO2 and soil water on the population dynamics, adult fecundity and nymphal period of the bird cherry-oat aphidRhopalsiphum padi (Linnaeus) were evaluated in three experiments: (i)Combined effects of CO
2
and soil water on aphid populations. Spring wheat was grown in pots at three CO2 concentrations (350, 550 and 700 ppm) and three soil water levels (40%, 60% and 80% of field water capacity, FWC) in field
open-top chambers (OTC) and infested with the bird cherry-oat aphid. Aphid population dynamics were recorded throughout the
growing season; at the same time, adult fecundity and duration of the nymphal period were recorded. Chemical composition of
spring wheat leaves was also analyzed. (ii)Indirect effects of CO
2
concentrations and soil water on aphid adult fecundity and nymphal period. The experiment was conducted with the leaf discs method in the laboratory. Aphids were reared on leaf discs excised from
the treated wheat in OTC with different CO2 and soil water levels. (iii)Direct effects of CO
2
concentrations on aphid adult fecundity and nymphal period. Aphids were reared on leaf discs excised from the wheat grown under natural conditions. The experiment was conducted with
the leaf disc method in OTC with the three CO2 concentrations. It was found that the direct effect of CO2 concentration on aphid population parameters was minor. CO2 and soil water affected aphid population indirectly through their effects on wheat characteristics. The aphid population
under 550 ppm CO2 was far larger than the one under 350 ppm CO2, whereas the population under 700 ppm CO2 was slightly higher than that under 550 ppm CO2. The largest aphid population was obtained with the 60% soil water treatment, regardless of CO2 treatment. The effects of CO2 concentration on aphid population were, however, not significantly correlated with soil water level. Adult fecundity increased
with CO2 concentration, the highest fecundity being achieved under 60% FWC treatments. The nymphal period was not affected by CO2 concentration. The shortest period occurred under 60% FWC. Atmospheric CO2 and soil water had significant effects on the chemical composition of the wheat leaves. Aphid population size was positively
correlated with leaf water content, concentrations of soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrates and starch, and negatively correlated
with DIMBOA and tannins concentrations.
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting Oct. 20, 2003. 相似文献
95.
阿维菌素和氟虫腈对粘虫的毒杀作用比较 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
测试比较了γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)受体毒剂阿维菌素、氟虫腈对粘虫的生物活性及体内GABA和谷氨酸(Glu)含量的影响。结果表明,阿维菌素对粘虫5龄幼虫的LD50为0.072 μg/头,而氟虫腈则为8.920 μg/头;阿维菌素的中毒症状分为麻痹期和死亡期,而氟虫腈的中毒症状可以明显地分为兴奋、痉挛、昏迷和死亡4个阶段。两种药剂均会造成试虫体内GABA和Glu代谢异常,其中阿维菌素可致Glu含量增加约1.8倍,使GABA的含量降低,在深度麻痹期仅为对照的71.3%;而氟虫腈可使Glu的含量先增加,在痉挛期达到对照的1.2倍,后降低至与对照同一水平,GABA则先保持不变,但粘虫昏迷后GABA含量降至对照的76.7%。 相似文献
96.
97.
米糠水溶性多糖提取工艺的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验,研究水料比、提取温度、提取时间和乙醇浓度对多糖得率的影响。结果表明,乙醇浓度和提取温度是影响米糠水溶性多糖提取的主要因素,热水浸提的最佳工艺方案为水料比20∶1,提取温度110℃,提取时间4h,乙醇浓度95%,在此工艺条件下,米糠水溶性多糖的得率为0.92%。应用650W功率的微波对米糠进行预处理,然后采用最佳热水浸提工艺进行提取,结果表明,米糠经中火力的微波预处理4min再用热水浸提,多糖得率明显增加,达到1.33%。 相似文献
98.
99.
1 热应激对产蛋鸡的影响
1.1 对产蛋性能的影响
高温环境下,家禽首先表现出采食量下降而饮水量增加.试验表明:当舍温在21~25 ℃区间内,温度每升高1℃,鸡采食量相应降低1.5%,产蛋率下降0.5%;在25~32 ℃区间内,温度每升高1℃,鸡采食量相应降低2.5%,产蛋率下降1.5%;而在32~38 ℃区间,每升高1℃,采食量相应降低4.6%,产蛋率下降3%~5%.采食量的下降,引起营养物质摄入不足,导致蛋重减轻,蛋品质下降.…… 相似文献
100.
The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of Momordica grosvenori saponins on improving the effect of high-sucrose/high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetes in rats.The type 2 diabetes rat model was established with a high-sucrose and high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin.Successfully modeled rats were given the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori (100,200,400 mg/kg) or metformin (268 mg/kg) by gavage,once a day for 4 weeks.Recording the "three more and one less"index (24 h internal urine output,water intake and feed intake,body weight);Detecting of biochemical indicators,analysis of fasting blood glucose (FBG),serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),insulin (INS),catalase (CAT),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),alanine aminotransferase (AST),aspartate aminotransferase (ALT),blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) levels.Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas.Compared with the model group,the feed intake,water intake,urine output,blood indicators FBG,INS,MDA,TC,TG,BUN and Cr levels,AST and ALT activities were significantly or extremely significantly decreased in the total saponins of Momordica grosvenori each dose group and metformin group (P<0.05;P<0.01),while CAT,SOD activities and HDL-C level were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).In pancreatic tissue,the number of pancreatic cells was increased significantly,and the pathological damage of the pancreas was significantly reduced. Momordica grosvenori saponins and metformin had obvious effects on improving glucose metabolism disorders,and at the same time could significantly reduce insulin resistance,enhance the body’s ability to resist oxidative stress and improve liver and kidney functions. 相似文献