葡萄风信子物候期观察与观赏性状分析

对荷兰引进的10个葡萄风信子品种进行露地栽培,对其物候期及观赏性状进行观察与评价.结果表明,引进的10个葡萄风信子品种在苏州地区露地栽培均能正常开花;其中"大微笑""幻想创造""蓝魔法""触雪"等品种适宜在园林中推广与应用.     

Cuticular protein gene LmACP8 is involved in wing morphogenesis in the migratory locust,Locusta migratoria

Cuticular proteins(CPs) are major components of the insect cuticle-associated organs such as integument and wings, although the importance of CPs for wing development and function in hemimetabolous insects remains understudied. In the present study, a wing cuticular protein LmACP8 was identified from Locusta migratoria, which belongs to the RR-2 subfamily of cuticular protein RR consensus(CPR) chitin-binding proteins. LmACP8 was mainly expressed in the wing pads and showed high expression levels before ecdysis of third-, fourth-, and fifth-instar nymphs, with its encoded protein located in the procuticle of wing pads and adult wings. Depletion of LmACP8 by RNA interference markedly reduced the amount of its protein, which consequently caused abnormal wing morphogenesis in the transition from nymph to adult of L. migratoria. We further demonstrated that the abnormal morphogenesis was caused by severe damage of the endocuticle in the wings. LmACP8 was suppressed by 20-hydroxyecdysone(20 E) in vivo, however, its expression was significantly up-regulated after knocking down the hormone receptor gene LmHR39. Thus, the LmACP8 that is negatively regulated by the LmHR39-mediated 20 E signaling pathway is involved in wing development during the nymph to adult transition.     

miR-140-3p inhibits viability,invasion and migration of non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells by targeting PD-L1

AIM: To explore the target relationship between microRNA-140-3p (miR-140-3p) and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and their effect on the viability, migration and invasion of non-small-cell lung cancer A549 cells.METHODS: RT-qPCR was used to detect the miR-140-3p expression in HLF-1, A549 and H1299 cells, and then the A549 cells with the most significant difference were selected as the subsequent research object. TargetScan software and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to predict and confirm the target relationship between miR-140-3p and PD-L1. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to determine the effects of miR-140-3p mimic and inhibitor on PD-L1 expression level. MTT assay was used to detect the viability of A549 cells. Transwell assay was performed to detect the migration and invasion abilities of the A549 cells.RESULTS: miR-140-3p was significantly down-regulated in the A549 cells and H1299 cells (P<0.05). Transfection with miR-140-3p mimic decreased the expression of PD-L1 and inhibited the viability, migration and invasion of the A549 cells. Transfection with pcDNA3.0-PD-L1 reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-140-3p on the viability, migration and invasion of the A549 cells.CONCLUSION: miR-140-3p inhibits the viability, migration and invasion of A549 cells by targeting PD-L1.     

鼠李糖制备新工艺研究

采用正交设计方法探讨发酵法从芦丁水解液里提取制备鼠李糖的最佳制备工艺,优选出鼠李糖纯度达到99%以上的最佳制备工艺为:温度30℃,pH值5.0,酵母量为母液的2%。     

家兔黏膜免疫器官肥大细胞在巴氏杆菌感染中的特征——组织化学与电镜观察

对5例巴氏杆菌感染家兔的空肠与圆小囊肥大细胞（mast cell，MC）进行了组织化学与电镜的观察，发现在细菌感染导致的病变组织边缘、病变组织内血管附近结缔组织中及变性细胞周围组织的上皮下与黏膜下层都出现了大量甲苯胺蓝（Toluidine Blue，TB）阳性肥大细胞。电镜下，MC有的直接与变性细胞密切接触，有的则和血管内皮紧密相触，在此部位的血管内可见有淋巴细胞贴附填充。MC胞浆内充盈大量的特征性颗粒，有时这些颗粒向细胞表面突出形成边缘空隙，即形成所谓的脱颗粒管道，将颗粒内容物逐渐排除细胞外，遗留空腔。     

日粮锌、硒水平对肉鸡肠道黏膜屏障结构的影响

为了探讨微量元素锌和硒相互作用对肉鸡肠道黏膜屏障结构的影响，将24只1日龄AA肉鸡随机分3组，分别饲喂添加有高锌高硒(锌1000mg／kg、硒5mg／kg)、低锌低硒(锌34mg／kg、硒0．08mg／kg)或常锌常硒(锌50mg／kg、硒0．15mg／kg)的日粮45d后，观察肠黏膜上皮细胞、上皮内淋巴细胞和盲肠扁桃体的形态结构变化。结果表明：高锌高硒或低锌低硒组肉鸡的肠黏膜结构有明显的损伤，表现为肠黏膜上皮细胞萎缩，绒毛长度下降，上皮内淋巴细胞数量减少；盲肠扁桃体的弥散淋巴组织和淋巴小结中，淋巴细胞数量减少，细胞出现肿胀，有的核消失，结缔组织增生，淋巴小结萎缩。尤其是高锌高硒组的损伤最为严重。而常锌常硒组肉鸡肠黏膜和盲肠扁桃体的形态结构正常。结论：日粮中按锌50mg／kg、硒0．15mg／kg的比例添加，对于维持肠道黏膜的正常屏障结构是合适的。过高或过低的锌和硒对小肠黏膜有毒性作用，破坏其屏障功能；而且高锌和高硒可相互促进以增强其毒性作用。     

沙棘定向培育的试验研究

在内蒙古克什克腾旗对引进和选优的沙棘品种进行了13年的区域性试验，筛选出无刺、高V-C型、高氨基酸型、大果等10个有较高经济价值的沙棘优良类型，在筛选的基础上，结合生化测定，在不同立地条件下，定向栽培，推广面积达3000hm^2。     

不同海拔下甲醇替代率和主喷正时对RCCI发动机性能的影响

为探究不同海拔条件下甲醇/柴油反应活性控制压燃（reactivity controlled compression ignition, RCCI）发动机的运行特性,该研究基于甲醇/柴油双燃料发动机试验台架,试验研究1 800r/min、100%负荷和3 200r/min、100%负荷下不同甲醇替代率、柴油喷射正时对发动机燃烧与排放性能的影响规律。结果表明：不同海拔条件下随着甲醇替代率的增加,缸压和瞬时放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧始点和燃烧中心前移,当量有效燃油消耗率（equivalent brake specific fuel consumption, ESFC）降低,有效热效率升高,NO_x和碳烟排放大幅降低,THC（total hydrocarbons）和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、100%负荷工况下,甲醇替代率由0增至20%,0、1 000、2 000m海拔下最大缸压平均增加1.72MPa,瞬时放热率峰值平均升高25.08J/(°),ESFC平均降低4.67%,有效热效率平均升高4.90%,NO_x和碳烟排放分别平均降低16.63%和50%,THC和CO排放量分别平均增加142.03、388.18 mg/kg。3 200 r/min下甲醇替代率由0增至7%,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低1.76%,有效热效率平均升高1.79%,NO_x和碳烟排放量分别平均降低8.17%和20.70%。海拔高度由0升至2 000m,1 800r/min、20%甲醇替代率与3 200r/min、7%甲醇替代率下,瞬时放热率峰值分别降低4.80和8.08J/(°),燃烧中心分别推迟1.44°和1.43°,有效热效率分别降低0.82%和0.68%,ESFC分别升高2.10%和1.99%,NO_x排放量分别减少10.61%和7.35%,碳烟排放分别增加26.54%和32.12%,THC排放分别升高29.88%和15.45%,CO排放量分别增加22.42%和18.15%。固定甲醇替代率后,随着柴油主喷正时提前,不同海拔条件下缸压和放热率峰值逐渐升高,燃烧中心向上止点靠近,ESFC逐渐降低,有效热效率升高,碳烟排放减少,NO_x、THC和CO排放增加。1 800 r/min、15%甲醇替代率下,主喷正时从-1.5°提前至-7.5°,不同海拔高度下ESFC平均降低8.27%,有效热效率平均升高9.08%,碳烟排放平均减少90.94%。为提升高海拔条件下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机的热效率和燃油经济性,可以适当增大柴油主喷正时。研究结果可为不同海拔环境下甲醇/柴油RCCI发动机燃烧与污染物排放控制优化提供参考。     

2%氨基寡糖防治苹果花叶病

2001年8月应用2%氨基寡糖对苹果花叶病进行了田间防治试验 ,结果表明:2%氨基寡糖水剂稀释300、500倍液,对苹果花叶病防效达93.85%、89.42%。其防效比对照药剂20%病毒A 81.11%的防效高 ,比对照区增产21%、23% ,是防治苹果花叶病较理想的药剂     

玉米疯顶病种子传播研究

连续3a对不同来源的玉米种子,利用显微镜镜检和试种观察植株发病显症的方法,检测其携带玉米疯顶病病菌状况。结果表明,病株病穗籽粒、病株健穗籽粒、病田健株籽粒都有较高的带菌率。因此,病菌随种子调运远距离传播是造成各地病害突发的主要原因。