低温胁迫对细茎柱花草与TPRC2001-1柱花草抗寒生理指标的影响

为了探究柱花草的抗寒性,本研究以细茎柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis var.intermedia)和TPRC2001-1柱花草(S.guianensis‘TPRC2001-1’)营养期叶片为材料,分别进行时长为0(对照)、24h和48h的低温处理,然后对其相对电导率、丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖以及可溶性蛋白的含量等指标进行测定与分析。结果表明,两种柱花草叶片的抗寒性生理指标随着低温处理时间的增加逐步上升。低温处理后,细茎柱花草的相对电导率和丙二醛含量显著低于TPRC2001-1柱花草(P0.05),而脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量显著高于TPRC2001-1柱花草(P0.05)。综合各项生理指标可得,两种柱花草的抗寒性强弱为细茎柱花草TPRC2001-1柱花草。     

湖南长沙市病死畜禽无害化处理监管分析

为做好病死畜禽无害化处理工作,长沙市全面开展动物无害化处理体系建设,加强信息化监管平台建设,积极推动地方立法,严厉打击违法行为,探索建立病死动物无害化处理长效监管机制。本文通过概述长沙市病死畜禽无害化处理工作现状,分析了长沙市现有动物无害化处理体系建设情况,包括动物无害化处理中心、收集转运中心、收集暂存点和无害化处理点等。指出了当前存在的监管难度大,养殖保险未全覆盖,补助机制不完善,相关法律法规不健全等问题,由此提出加大财政支持力度,实现养殖保险全覆盖,完善无害化处理补助机制,推动出台相关法律法规,厘清责任分工等思考建议。     

两个宁夏枸杞品种的耐渗透胁迫和耐盐特征比较

以宁夏枸杞(Lycium barbarum)中的两个品种扁果枸杞和宁杞0702为材料,对比二者在渗透胁迫、盐处理以及渗透胁迫和盐处理互作条件下的生长特征、叶组织含水量以及各器官Na~+、K~+积累量分析。结果表明,与对照相比,-0.5 MPa渗透胁迫下,扁果枸杞和宁杞0702的生长均受到抑制,其鲜重分别降低了34%和38%,根长分别降低了32%和17%;与对照相比,50mmol·L~(-1) NaCl使扁果枸杞幼苗的鲜重显著增加了38%(P0.05),干重、株高和根长均不受影响,但宁杞0702幼苗鲜重、干重、株高和根长分别显著降低了27%、34%、44%和14%(P0.05);渗透胁迫~+盐处理下,扁果枸杞幼苗与对照组差异不显著(P0.05),而宁杞0702幼苗的鲜重、干重、株高和根长分别显著降低了37%、28%、44%和13%。与对照相比,渗透胁迫下,扁果枸杞叶组织含水量维持稳定,而宁杞0702显著降低了12%(P0.05);在盐处理下,扁果枸杞和宁杞0702叶组织含水量分别显著增加了25%和18%(P0.05),在渗透胁迫~+盐处理下二者均维持稳定。在扁果枸杞中,鲜重和叶组织含水量与叶、茎中Na~+浓度呈极显著正相关(P0.01),而在宁杞0702中,鲜重仅与叶中的K~+浓度极显著正相关(P0.01),与茎中的Na~+则呈显著负相关(P0.05),叶组织含水量则与各器官中的Na~+、K~+浓度均不相关。与对照相比,扁果枸杞在渗透胁迫和盐处理下ST值分别显著增加了84%和43%(P0.05),而宁杞0702则分别显著降低了63%和47%(P0.05)。上述结果表明,扁果枸杞能通过体内积累适量的Na~+,调控体内Na~+、K~+平衡,改善体内的水分状况,维持其正常的生长,具有盐生植物的特点;宁杞0702则不具备这些特征。     

库车坳陷克深地区现今地应力场及储层裂缝数值模拟

克深三维区目前处于勘探开发的前期,需要明确地应力场及地下储层裂缝的分布规律,指导开发工作,但该区存在地层埋深大、取心困难、成像测井资料缺乏等实际情况,应力场研究及裂缝预测难度大。利用有限元分析方法,以井点现今地应力值为约束进行了克深三维区现今地应力场的数值模拟,同时建立了应力应变与裂缝参数的定量关系模型,利用古今应力场结合法对克深三维区的裂缝参数进行了预测,模拟结果显示构造高部位和断层带是低应力值区及裂缝的有利发育区。裂缝的数值模拟结果与测井解释结果对比表明,预测结果与实钻吻合度较高,裂缝预测效果较好。     

Effects of Different Nitrogen Treatments on N use Efficiency and Grain Yield of Mechanically-transplanted Hybrid Rice

In order to investigate effects of topdressing on grain yield and N use efficiency of mechanically-transplanted hybrid rice,this experiment was conducted with 2-line hybrid rice cultivars,Quanliangyou 1 and Quanliangyou 681 with 3 application levels of N fertilizer,No,N1,N2,respectively.The results showed that there were no significant differences in grain yields of the 2 varieties between treatments N1 and N2.It was indicated that N is not the factor which could limit grain yield within limited application levels of N fertilizer.High N fertilizer treatment could contribute to the formation of effective panicles and spikelets per panicle,but it could also lead to the decline in grain filling rate.It was suggested that lowering the amount of Nfertilizer could facilitate improvement of N-use efficiency.     

美国油气管道基本失效概率评估方法及启示

为充分利用油气管道历史失效数据,减少失效概率评估过程中的主观性,提出油气管道基本失效概率的概念及评估方法。对美国管道及危险物品安全管理局数据库的油气管道里程数据、事故数据及失效因素数据进行全面分析,采用基于事故统计的方法评估油气管道基本失效概率。结果表明:美国危险液体管道、输气集气管道、配气管道发生一般事故的基本失效概率分别为1.29次/(10^3 km·a)、2.17次/(10^4 km·a)及4.08次/(10^5 km·a),发生较大事故的基本失效概率分别为4.58次/(10^4 km·a)、1.41次/(10^4 km·a)及2.38次/(10^5 km·a),发生重大事故的基本失效概率分别为9.09次/(10^6 km·a)、9.79次/(10^6 km·a)及1.11次/(10^5 km·a)。美国基本失效概率可作为油气管道失效概率评估的基准线,也可作为风险可接受标准的依据,但不能直接应用于中国管道风险评价,需对其进行修正,建立适用于中国管道的失效数据库。     

Effects of phytosterol ester on aortic aging and expression of related genes in rats

AIM: To explore the protective effect of phytosterol ester (PSE) on aortic aging in rats. METHODS: The female SD rats (12 months old, n=42) were randomly divided into control group, model group and PSE group. During the experiment, the rats in control group, model group and PSE group were treated with basic feed, high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD with 2% PSE (W/W) for 6 months, respectively. The morphological changes of the aorta were observed by HE staining and Masson staining, and the absolute area of smooth muscle cells and collagen fiber in the vascular wall were measured by image analysis. The levels of advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the plasma were detected. The expression of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at mRNA and protein levels in the vascular tissue was determined by real time PCR and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: PSE significantly lowered plasma TC and LDL-C, and increased plasma HDL-C level (P<0.05), but had no effect on plasma TG level. PSE significantly attenuated the thickening of intima and media of aging aortic, and decreased the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and the amount of VSMC and collagen fiber in the aorta (P<0.05). PSE significantly reduced the contents of AGEs and MDA (P<0.05), but had no effect on the activity of SOD and CAT in the plasma. PSE also down-regulated the expression of PPARγ and up-regulated the expression of SIRT1 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PSE is able to attenuate the senescence process in the aorta by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species in plasma, and activating SIRT1, or inhibiting the expression of PPARγ in vascular tissues.     

农民大学生移动学习探索

通过调查分析农民大学生的特征以及移动学习的特点和优势，发现移动学习能够对农民大学生的课程学习起到促进作用，提高学习效率，是一种重要的远程教育方式。     

超声衍生萃取法对土壤中草灭平的分析

以双官能团化合物草灭平为研究对象,采用络合剂Na4-EDTA与其羧基上的氢发生络合反应,络合物极性的降低使得萃取变得简单。再以五氟苄基溴为衍生试剂,利用超声技术在土壤原位上进行动态萃取和衍生。研究证实,Na4-EDTA在水的作用下表现出较强的络合能力,其络合物有较好的稳定性。超声萃取对衍生反应有促进作用,络合反应和衍生反应也存在相互作用。在较宽的范围内(2.5~200.0μg/kg),响应峰面积与其相应浓度呈现较好的线性关系(R2=0.990);利用负化学源技术检测,检出限低于0.4μg/kg;不同浓度的加标回收率为86%~103%;相对标准偏差为5%~10%。方法适用于土壤样品或植物样品中草灭平的检测。