近50 a内蒙古冬季冷暖事件变化和大气环流异常分析

采用三分位方法,对内蒙古100个站1961-2010年冬季（11月至次年2月）和季内各月平均气温序列进行分析,确定了单站冷暖事件阈值,并将单站冷暖事件分为弱和强两个等级。以此为基础,采用相对比例,确定内蒙古全区和东、西部区域冷暖事件的界定方法及等级划分标准。结果表明：前期（1961-1987年）内蒙古只有强冷事件而未出现全区性强暖事件,后期（1988-2010年）则以强暖事件为主,但2000年以来强冷事件时有发生。针对内蒙古强冷暖事件,分析了同期北半球对流层大气环流的分布特征,结果表明：在强冷事件期间,北半球对流层中上部,乌拉尔山阻高和鄂霍次克海阻高异常,并伸向极区,使得亚洲区极涡明显偏南、偏强,地面西伯利亚高压异常强大;在强暖事件期间,乌拉尔山阻高和鄂霍次克海阻高偏弱,亚洲区极涡明显偏弱并向西向北收缩,地面西伯利亚高压明显偏弱。     

近53 a云南东部春季旱涝及其环流距平波列影响

基于年度春季降水,用旋转经验正交函数（REOF）方法,将云南省划分为3个降水气候区,分析了近53 a云南东部春季旱涝基本特征,选取帕默尔干旱指数（PDSI）对春季旱涝进行评估。小波分析发现,云南东部春季旱涝存在准14 a周期,并可分为3个时期：1958-1980年干旱期,1981-2000年偏涝期,2000年以后干旱期。对云南东部涝(旱)年合成分析显示,大尺度背景高度场、风场和温度场的距平场都存在2列并行的纬向波列。在涝年,500 hPa位势高度距平纬向波动为高纬度正距平,中纬度负距平,显示云南上空的低值系统活跃。风场距平波列性质为中高纬度负距平,中低纬正距平,显示南支槽水汽输送的速度与量值的强盛。700 hPa温度场距平波列为高纬正距平,中纬负距平,显示云南温度偏冷,与低纬度副高控制的海洋暖湿气团形成系统性锋区,有利于云南东部降水。在旱年,则2列并行纬向距平波列各要素性质正好相反。此外,青藏高原上游风速受山脉西南侧地形阻挡发生向南折射,涝年风速强,旱年风速弱,直接促发和影响南支槽的强弱。上游风速与南支槽强度具有正比关系。降水关键系统昆明准静止锋在背景纬向波列环境中,涝年比旱年出现频次高,维持时间长。     

后生动物线粒体基因组基因次序重组规律分析

后生动物线粒体基因组由于其大小和基因数目的相对稳定,被认为是研究后生动物系统发育关系的一种理想模型。后生动物线粒体基因组大多有37个基因,包括22个tRNA编码基因和13个蛋白编码基因,它们的排列顺序也被认为是研究后生动物线粒体基因组很好的材料。通过对来自NCBI数据库的2 511种后生动物线粒体基因组提取的基因次序,包括对基因的倒置、共有基因簇、基因的缺失和重复、相邻位置的基因交换等重组形式的概述,综述了近年来对动物线粒体基因组基因次序重组的研究状况。     

奶牛IGFBP-3基因PCR-SSCP多态性与产奶量和生长性能相关性

采用PCR-SSCP技术,对荷斯坦奶牛及荷斯坦公牛冻精杂交改良的黄牛后代(回交二代)共105头奶牛IGFBP-3基因第3外显子进行了多态性研究, 分析了该基因与奶牛生产性状的相关性。结果表明：IGFBP-3基因第3外显子共存在2个等位基因3种基因型,A、B基因频率及AA、AB、BB基因型的频率分别为0.7667 、0.2333和0.6000、0.3333、0.0667。该群体在这一位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,遗传杂合度（He）和多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.3578和为0.2937。测序结果显示: 与AF305712相比,B等位基因在第8515碱基处发生了G-A的转换,而A等位基因在此处与AF305712序列相同;此外,A、B等位基因在AF305712的第8634碱基处均发生了T-C的无义突变。最小二乘法分析表明：AA基因型305天产奶量、12月龄体重极显著高于AB和BB基因型( P < 0.01);AA型12月龄体长和体高均极显著高于AB型（p<0.01）,而BB型与AB型和AA型差异不显著;不同基因型的胸围、腹围差异不显著。     

杂种奶牛POU1Fl、GHR、GHRH-R和CSN1S2基因部分序列PCR-SSCP多态性分析

利用PCR-SSCP技术,对荷斯坦公牛冻精改良的93头杂种奶牛的脑垂体转录因子-1（POU1Fl）基因第6外显子、生长激素受体（GHR）基因第10外显子、生长激素释放激素受体（GHRH-R）基因第2外显子和酪蛋白(CSN1S2) 基因第18外显子进行了多态性研究。结果表明,在检测的4个基因位点中,只有POU1Fl基因第6外显子存在2种基因型,AB、BB基因型频率及A、B基因频率分别为0.0323、0.9677和0.0162、0.9838,未发现AA型个体。该群体在此位点上处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态,基因杂合度和多态信息含量分别为0.0318和0.0313。测序显示,与普通黄牛POU1Fl基因序列Y15995相比,A等位基因在POU1F1基因第6外显子的第209个碱基处发生了G→C的碱基颠换,导致Thr/Arg替代,其多态的成因及效应需进一步研究。     

Agouti基因及其与动物毛色关系的研究进展

动物特别是毛皮动物,毛纤维颜色丰富多彩,其主要由遗传基因调控,在众多的调控基因中,Agouti基因是一个重要的功能基因。论文重点综述了Agouti基因结构及其在人、小鼠、家养普通动物和毛皮动物毛色方面的研究现状,旨在为动物毛色选育提供参考依据。     

Safety Assessment of Circular Arches Tunnel Evacuation on Surrounding Geotechnical Environment

Based on the stochastic medium theory, influence on the surrounding rock and soil by tunnel excavation was studied. formula for predicting movement and deformation of rock and soil mass caused by tunnelling were deduced. And especially for the tunnel with circular arch section, half analytic solution for this problem was put forward. Furthermore, a program was developed to compute the movement and deformation of the rock and soil mass resulted from excavation. The deformation failure criterion of stochastic medium for estimating the surroundings safety was provided and was applied in an engineering example, which proved that the results of the research were reasonable and significant for the tunnel safety construction.     

Performance and Microstructure of Ultra Low Ion Permeability Cementitious Materials

Microstructure and macro performance of Ultra Low Ion Permeability Cementitious Materials (ULIPCM) were investigated by Micro hardness, MIP and SEM EDXA. It was shown that the compressive strength of ULIPCM was more than 80 MPa, flexural strength was more than 11.0 MPa, and elastic modulus was in the range of 38.0 to 42.0 GPa at the age of 28 days; chloride diffusion coefficient was lower than 0.8×10－13m2·s－1, conductive charge for 6 hours was lower than 300 coulombs; sulfate attack resistance was good; shrinkage at the age of 28 days was lower than 400×10－6. Compared with ordinary concrete with which thickness of interfacial transition zone is 60 to 100 μm, the thickness of interfacial transition zone of ULIPCM was lower than 30 μm. Penetration paths of corrosive medium were effectively interrupted in ULIPCM. And pore structure parameters, such as porosity and the most probable pore radius of ULIPCM, were also obviously optimized in ULIPCM. Besides, few CH crystals were in the ULIPCM aggregate and the interfacial transition zone of ULIPCM. And the orientation of CH crystals was poor.     

A Hilbert fractal antenna and portable monitoring system for partial discharge detection in gas insulated substations

We design a third Hilbert fractal antenna for partial discharge (PD) monitoring in gas insulated substations (GIS) based on fractal principles, and analyze the Hilbert antenna impedance characteristics using an equivalent inductance method of parallel transmission lines. The PD experiment of metal protrusion defect is conducted employing fractal and microstrip antennae. The test results show that the characteristic of the Hilbert fractal antenna has good performance and can detect the PD signal for online monitoring in GIS. A portable online monitoring and locating system for GIS is established using the Hilbert fractal antenna and LabVIEW. The locating accuracy of the PD source in the laboratory meets the requirements of the PD site location.