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排序方式: 共有375条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
62.
Rabies exposure and treatment of Illinois veterinarians 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
63.
Chantale L. Pinard Anthony J. Mutsaers Monique N. Mayer J. Paul Woods 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2012,53(12):1301-1307
This retrospective study evaluated the ocular side effects of cancer-bearing dogs and cats treated with external–beam Cobalt-60 (Co-60) radiation in which one or both orbit(s) were included in the radiation field. A total of 37 dogs and 12 cats presented to the Ontario Veterinary College during the 10-year study period (1999–2009) were evaluated. The radiation protocols ranged from a maximum of 60 Gray (Gy) in 24 fractions for curative intent to a minimum of 8 Gy in 1 fraction for palliative treatment. The main ocular side effect reported in both dogs and cats was conjunctivitis (79% and 55%, respectively). Other common ocular side effects included eyelid lesions in dogs (44%), ulcerative keratitis in cats (36%), and keratoconjunctivitis sicca in both dogs and cats (44% and 27%, respectively). The high incidence of ocular side effects in both patient populations indicates a need for regular ophthalmic examinations as a component of routine follow-up for radiation therapy involving the orbit. Radiation damage to ocular tissues is also reviewed. 相似文献
64.
Woods AM McIlmoil CJ Rankin EN Packer AA Stevens JC Macievic JA Brown AB Porter JP Judd AM 《Domestic animal endocrinology》2008,35(2):217-230
The release of adrenal steroids during acute stress is primarily regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). In contrast, during chronic inflammatory stress additional factors are involved in regulating adrenal function. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that increases ACTH release from the pituitary. In addition, LIF and LIF receptors (LIFR) are expressed in the human adrenal cortex and the human adrenocortical tumor cell line H295R. Furthermore, LIF increases basal and ACTH-stimulated cortisol release from H295R cells. However, the expression of LIF and LIFR in non-human adrenal glands and the effects of LIF on the release of cortisol from adrenal cells of non-human species have not been determined. Furthermore, the effects of LIF on adrenal androgen release from all species are unknown. In this study, immunohistochemistry, Western blots, RT-PCR, and nucleotide sequencing was utilized to demonstrate that LIF and its receptor are expressed throughout the bovine adrenal cortex. Although LIF did not modify basal cortisol release from dispersed cells isolated from the bovine adrenal zona fasciculate, this cytokine increased ACTH-stimulated release of cortisol from these cells in a manner dependent on the LIF concentration and exposure interval. In contrast, LIF in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner decreased basal and ACTH-stimulated adrenal androgen release from dispersed cells isolated from the bovine adrenal zona reticularis. Because LIF release increases during inflammatory stress and this cytokine stimulates adrenal cortisol release and inhibits adrenal androgen release, this cytokine may play an important role in regulating the release of adrenal steroids during inflammatory stress. 相似文献
65.
Leslie W Woods Howard D Lehmkuhl Lea Ann Hobbs Jackie C Parker Mike Manzer 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2008,20(1):33-37
Four 3-month-old Jersey calves and three 3-month-old Holstein calves were inoculated with cervid adenovirus and monitored for clinical signs until necropsied between 10 and 42 days postinoculation. The neonatal Jersey calves had received colostrum, and the Holstein calves were colostrum deprived. Preinoculation and postinoculation serum samples were tested for antibodies to the cervid adenovirus, bovine adenovirus type 6, bovine adenovirus type 7, and goat adenovirus type 1. Virus isolation was performed on kidney, nasal secretion, and/or lung homogenates in fetal white-tailed deer lung cells. Negatively stained preparations of feces from Jersey calves were examined weekly using an electron microscope, and weekly blood samples were collected for complete blood counts. Full necropsies were performed on all calves. A complete selection of tissues was evaluated for microscopic changes, and immunohistochemistry was performed on all tissues using a polyclonal antibody to deer adenovirus. No clinical signs were observed in the calves during the study period. Following inoculation, colostrum-deprived calves developed low antibody titers to deer adenovirus, while the Jersey calves that received colostrum did not. Calves that received colostrum had high antibody titers to bovine adenovirus type 7 and goat adenovirus type 1. No consistent gross or microscopic lesions were seen. Adenovirus was not observed in negatively stained preparations of feces. Immunohistochemistry results did not demonstrate virus in all tissues examined microscopically, and virus was not isolated from lungs, nasal secretions, and kidneys. 相似文献
66.
Clutterbuck AL Woods EJ Knottenbelt DC Clegg PD Cochrane CA Percival SL 《Veterinary microbiology》2007,121(1-2):1-17
Bacteria are renowned for their ability to tolerate and adapt to a wide range of adverse environmental conditions. The primary mechanism that facilitates these adaptations is thought to be the capacity to form and maintain biofilms. Within a biofilm, bacteria become attached to a surface where they exist in complex communities which are able to interact with each other through intracellular communication and thus rapidly adapt to changing environments. The organisms within biofilms are notorious for their resistance towards the host immune response and antibacterial agents compared to their free-living planktonic counterparts. Consequently, biofilms are of significant importance to both clinical and veterinary science. However, although bacterial infections are widely reported in animals their association with biofilms is rarely discussed. The aim of this review is to look at the characteristics of biofilm infections in humans and to relate this knowledge to veterinary science in order to assess their relevance in this area. 相似文献
67.
Simulations and practical problems of applying multiple marker assisted selection and doubled haploids to wheat breeding programs 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Marker assisted selection (MAS) and wheat doubled haploids (DH) are relatively new technologies, recently applied to wheat
breeding programs. Simulations demonstrate that DHs increase the efficiency of MAS, and offer faster strategies for combining
large numbers of genes with a minimum number of marker tests. When small numbers of marked loci (1-3) are selected simultaneously,
selection of DH progeny is 5-6 times more efficient than selecting F4 derived families. Combining 4-8 marked loci, screening of F2 plants and using only those plants homozygous or segregating for all of the marked loci as parents for DH production (10-31%
of F2 plants) is 3-10 times as efficient as using F1 plants. A number of protocols have been proposed involving sib-matings and selection to fix some genes, with further selection
in the second generation to improve the proportion of useful DH lines. In one scheme (recombinant F2 selection) all F2 plants, either homozygous or heterozygous for the marked alleles, are intercrossed at random and the recurrent F1 plants still having these alleles are used for DH production. An alternative strategy (recurrent DH selection) is to select
from an initial DH population and intercross those lines having most favourable marked loci with a second cycle of DHs to
fix all favourable marked loci. Combining more than 12 marked gene loci does not seem feasible, due to the very large numbers
of F2s (>2000) required. This has implications when using MAS for quantitative trait loci, where many minor gene loci would have
to be combined. Direct selection for some multi-genic quantitative traits amongst the DH lines may be more efficient than
using MAS where recurrent selection is used. At the Cereal Research Centre, the practical problems of using these protocols
as part of the spring wheat breeding program are being evaluated.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
68.
69.
N. P. Ames J. M. Clarke B. A. Marchylo J. E. Dexter S. M. Woods 《Cereal Chemistry》1999,76(4):582-586
Data on the quality of durum wheat genotypes grown under eight environments (site-year combinations) were evaluated to determine the relative effects of genotype and environment on quality characteristics associated with gluten strength, protein content, and pasta texture. The 10 durum wheat genotypes assessed in this study represented a range of gluten strength types from the very strong U.S. desert durum genotype, Durex, to the medium strength Canadian genotype, Plenty. Considerable genetic variability was detected for all quality characteristics studied. Genotype-environment interaction was significant for all quality parameters evaluated, with the exception of mixograph development time. Genotypeenvironment interaction was most important in determining protein content and least important in determining gluten index, gluten viscoelasticity, and SDS sedimentation volume. The nature of the genotype-environment interaction was evaluated by determining the number of significant crossover (rank change) interactions. There was at least one significant crossover interaction between pairs of genotypes and environments for five of eight quality traits tested. Of 45 genotype pairs, eight and six showed significant crossover interactions for protein content and pasta disk viscoelasticity, respectively. Significant crossover interactions were at least partially due to the differential response of Canadian genotypes as compared with U.S. genotypes. With the exception of protein content and pasta disk viscoelasticity, our results suggest that among the selected sample of 10 genotypes, genotype-environment interactions were minor and due primarily to changes in magnitude rather than changes in rank. 相似文献
70.
Australian surveillance for avian influenza viruses in wild birds between July 2005 and June 2007 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
L Haynes E Arzey C Bell N Buchanan G Burgess V Cronan C Dickason H Field S Gibbs PM Hansbro T Hollingsworth AC Hurt P Kirkland H McCracken J O'Connor J Tracey J Wallner S Warner R Woods C Bunn 《Australian veterinary journal》2009,87(7):266-272
Objective To identify and gain an understanding of the influenza viruses circulating in wild birds in Australia.
Design A total of 16,303 swabs and 3782 blood samples were collected and analysed for avian influenza (AI) viruses from 16,420 wild birds in Australia between July 2005 and June 2007. Anseriformes and Charadriiformes were primarily targeted.
Procedures Cloacal, oropharyngeal and faecal (environmental) swabs were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the AI type A matrix gene. Positive samples underwent virus culture and subtyping. Serum samples were analysed using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for influenza A virus nucleoprotein.
Results No highly pathogenic AI viruses were identified. However, 164 PCR tests were positive for the AI type A matrix gene, 46 of which were identified to subtype. A total of five viruses were isolated, three of which had a corresponding positive PCR and subtype identification (H3N8, H4N6, H7N6). Low pathogenic AI H5 and/or H7 was present in wild birds in New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Antibodies to influenza A were also detected in 15.0% of the birds sampled.
Conclusions Although low pathogenic AI virus subtypes are currently circulating in Australia, their prevalence is low (1.0% positive PCR). Surveillance activities for AI in wild birds should be continued to provide further epidemiological information about circulating viruses and to identify any changes in subtype prevalence. 相似文献
Design A total of 16,303 swabs and 3782 blood samples were collected and analysed for avian influenza (AI) viruses from 16,420 wild birds in Australia between July 2005 and June 2007. Anseriformes and Charadriiformes were primarily targeted.
Procedures Cloacal, oropharyngeal and faecal (environmental) swabs were tested using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the AI type A matrix gene. Positive samples underwent virus culture and subtyping. Serum samples were analysed using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for influenza A virus nucleoprotein.
Results No highly pathogenic AI viruses were identified. However, 164 PCR tests were positive for the AI type A matrix gene, 46 of which were identified to subtype. A total of five viruses were isolated, three of which had a corresponding positive PCR and subtype identification (H3N8, H4N6, H7N6). Low pathogenic AI H5 and/or H7 was present in wild birds in New South Wales, Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. Antibodies to influenza A were also detected in 15.0% of the birds sampled.
Conclusions Although low pathogenic AI virus subtypes are currently circulating in Australia, their prevalence is low (1.0% positive PCR). Surveillance activities for AI in wild birds should be continued to provide further epidemiological information about circulating viruses and to identify any changes in subtype prevalence. 相似文献