Effect of Vitamin E on Bovine Granulosa Cells Apoptosis and Proliferation through Cx43

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vitamin E on Cx43,the mechanism and function of vitamin E on bovine granulosa cells apoptosis and proliferation.In this study,granulosa cells were isolated from bovine ovary and cultivated in vitro by adding different concentration of vitamin E (0,25,50,100,200 and 500 μmol/L) for 24 h.After cultured,apoptotic cells were detected by FCM,mRNA expression levels of BCL2/BAX、P53 and Cx43 genes were determined by Real-time PCR and cell proliferation was detected by CCK8.The results showed that compared to control group,100 μmol/L vitamin E could significantly inhibit the apoptosis of granulosa cells (P<0.05).Real-time PCR detection results showed that vitamin E significantly changed the mRNA expression levels of BCL2/BAX,P53,Cx43 genes (P<0.05).Vitamin E could significantly improve granulosa cells proliferation when granulosa cells were treated for 24 and 36 h (P<0.05).The results provided a theoretical basis on further analysis for studing the influence mechanism of vitamin E on oocytes development and maturity,and improvement of female animal reproduction by influencing granulosa cells proliferation and apoptosis.     

Nanosize of zinc oxide and the effects on zinc digestibility,growth performances,immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of nanosize zinc on zinc digestibility, growth performances, immune response and serum parameters of weanling piglets. Ninety‐six LYD weanling piglets were assigned to control, zinc oxide (ZnO), organic‐Zn (Zn‐methionine) and nanosize ZnO (nano‐Zn) groups with four replicates. The zinc was at the 120 mg/kg level in the treatment group's diet, while the control group's was 80 mg/kg Zn. The experiment results indicated that the nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups had significantly higher Zn digestibility compared to the ZnO and control groups. For the immune response traits, the IgG level and goat red blood cells (GRBC) antibody titer were nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) challenge test result, nano‐Zn>organic‐Zn>ZnO>control; in regard to the γ‐globulin level, nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn>ZnO and control, with significant difference between groups. In the serum parameters aspect, serum Zn concentration in nano‐Zn and organic‐Zn groups were higher than in the ZnO and control groups, serum growth hormone concentration was increased in the nano‐Zn group than in the other groups. In conclusion, nanosize zinc oxide for dietary supplementation can increase zinc digestibility, serum growth hormone levels and carbonic anhydrase activity and enhance the immune response of weanling piglets.     

高寒地区蛹虫草大米培养基的优化

以引进西藏的6株蛹虫草为试材,对比研究了其菌丝生长速率、出草产出及长势,筛选优良的蛹虫草菌株,并通过正交实验筛选对蛹虫草大米培养基营养成分的最优水平组合。结果表明:蛹虫草"TAAAS1"的菌丝生长速率虽不是最快的,但出草整齐均匀,出草产出高于其它菌株,表明"TAAAS1"菌株是适宜在高寒地区栽培生产的好品种;蛹虫草大米培养基的最优水平组合为蛹粉4g/L,葡萄糖20g/L,硫酸镁2g/L,磷酸二氢钾1.5g/L。     

连翘精油的提取及其抗菌保鲜效果的研究

以连翘果实为原料提取连翘精油,设计正交实验确定最佳提取条件,进一步测定精油的抗菌作用及对圣女果的保鲜效果。结果表明:连翘果粉过60目筛,料液比1∶5g·mL~(-1),浸泡3h后在微波功率400W下加热8min,水蒸气蒸馏提取4h,所得连翘精油的提取率最高;体外抑菌试验表明,连翘精油对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌均具有明显的抑制作用,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌能力更强。与对照组相比,2.00%连翘精油溶液处理大大降低了圣女果的烂果率、失重率和维生素C含量损失率,有效地保持了外观品质,提高了圣女果的货架寿命。     

沼肥施用对桃树缩叶病的防治效果

以桃树为供试材料,研究了不同沼液稀释浓度对其缩叶病的防治效果。结果表明:喷施沼液组较对照(CK)均可不同程度降低桃树缩叶病的发生。其中以沼液稀释倍数为1/8处理的效果最好,于第3次喷施后7d,病叶率由50%降低至8%,枝条新叶平均增加5片,枝条生长了4cm,均高于其它处理;其次为沼液稀释倍数为1/4和1/16的处理,病叶率分别由45%降低至10%和52%降低至15%。     

Prevalence of virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains recently isolated from young pigs with diarrhea in the US

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-associated post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is economically one of the most important diseases for the swine industry. Porcine ETEC strains typically express K88 or F18 fimbria and heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (STa, STb) enterotoxins. However, recent studies indicate that EAST1 toxin, adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA-I) and porcine attaching and effacing-associated factor (paa) may also be expressed by ETEC strains associated with diarrhea. To better understand the virulence factors of E. coli strains that cause PWD, we applied PCR to screen for K88, F18, F41, 987P and K99 fimbrial genes; LT, STa, STb, Stx2e and EAST1 toxic genes; and AIDA-I, paa and EAE adhesin genes in E. coli strains recently isolated from young pigs with PWD in the US. Of 304 E. coli isolates from diarrheic pigs submitted for testing, 175 (57.6%) strains possessed fimbrial genes: K88 (64.6%), F18 (34.3%), F41 (0.57%), K99 (0.57%), 987P (0); toxin genes: LT (57.7%), STb (72.6%), STa (27.4%), STx2e (17.4%), EAST1 (35%); and adhesin genes: AIDA-I (26.9%), paa (60%), EAE (1.1%). All toxin genes except the EAST1 toxin gene, were almost exclusively associated with K88+ or F18+ isolates, and most of these isolates carried multiple toxin genes. The non-fimbrial adhesin paa was found present in over half of the K88+ isolates. A total of 129 (42%) isolates carried no fimbrial genes, including 66 (21.7%) isolates that did not have any of the above virulence genes. These results suggest a broad array of virulence genes associated with PWD in pigs.     

二氯喹啉草酮与二氯喹啉酸的除草活性及对水稻安全性的比较

采用整株生物测定法测定两种除草剂二氯喹啉草酮与二氯喹啉酸茎叶处理对水稻田杂草的生物活性及对水稻的安全性。结果表明:当二氯喹啉草酮和二氯喹啉酸有效成分剂量均为600 g/hm2时, 两种除草剂对稗属杂草、鳢肠的鲜重抑制率均高于94%, 其GR90为107.35~558.58 g/hm2; 对马唐和耳叶水苋的鲜重抑制率低于85%, 对抗二氯喹啉酸西来稗和千金子的鲜重抑制率低于50%; 不同的是二氯喹啉草酮对丁香蓼和异型莎草的鲜重抑制率分别为92.17%、94.33%, 均显著高于二氯喹啉酸(83.64%, 85.57%)。二氯喹啉草酮和二氯喹啉酸对1.5叶期水稻安全性差, 选择性指数为2.53~3.58; 对3.5叶期水稻安全, 选择性指数大于4, 各处理水稻鲜重与对照组之间无显著差异。本着高效、安全、经济的原则, 不推荐二氯喹啉草酮用于防除水稻田禾本科杂草, 仅对部分阔叶类和莎草科杂草发生严重的水稻田, 二氯喹啉草酮可以作为补充除草剂。     

我国小麦茎基腐病菌致病力比较分析

为明确我国不同种、地理来源和毒素化学型小麦茎基腐病菌的致病力分化情况,采用纸塔法对来自全国9个省市80个采样点分离的224株小麦茎基腐病菌进行致病力分析。结果表明,不同种镰刀菌的致病力不同,黄色镰刀菌Fusarium culmorum,禾谷镰刀菌F.graminearum,假禾谷镰刀菌F.pseudograminearum及亚洲镰刀菌F.asiaticum致病力强于其他种。F.culmorum致病力显著高于F.pseudograminearum和F.asiaticum,而F.pseudograminearum,F.graminearum及F.asiaticum三者之间无显著性差异。中华镰刀菌F.sinensis,木贼镰刀菌F.equiseti,锐顶镰刀菌F.acuminatum致病力较弱,三者间苗期致病力无显著性差异;多数省份F.pseudograminearum群体间致病力无显著差异,仅山东F.pseudograminearum群体的致病性显著低于河南群体;此外,产毒类型为3ADON的F.pseudograminearum群体致病力显著高于15ADON群体。     

郭予元院士在宁夏植保防控事业中的学术贡献——纪念郭予元院士诞辰90周年

五六十年代的宁夏, 农业发展落后, 农业科学发展刚刚起步, 引黄灌区的水稻和南部西海固地区的冬小麦分别是当地的主要粮食作物, 其产量直接关乎当地群众温饱。但是由于特殊的地理位置和气候特点, 这些地区病虫害发生严重, 制约了当地的粮食生产。本文回顾了郭予元院士在宁夏进行病虫害科学研究, 为水稻稻瘟病、小麦麦种蝇和小麦腥黑穗病的监测预警, 防治示范做出的突出贡献。郭予元院士建立的预测预报体系及防治技术示范一直指导当地的农业生产, 并给全国的病虫害防治做了示范。