庐江县早籼稻品种比较试验

庐江县是安徽省双季稻生产大县,筛选出高产、优质、早熟的早籼稻品种对庐江县的两季水稻生产具有指导性作用。该试验结合多年来庐江县早稻品种试验的结论,采用区间重复比较试验,分析各品种的生育期、抗病性和产量结果,从而筛选出适合庐江县种植的,具有丰产性、稳定性以及抗病性的早籼稻品种。     

基于RS与GIS的赣江上游流域生态系统服务价值变化

研究土地利用背景下的生态系统服务价值变化对促进区域生态建设和可持续发展具有重要意义.以赣江上游流域为例,依据1990年、1995年、2000年和2005年4期的遥感数据,利用RS和GIS手段对土地利用数据进行了处理,并分析了土地利用变化引起的生态系统服务价值变化.结果表明,1990-1995年赣江上游流域生态系统服务价值变化不大,1995-2005年生态系统服务价值总量不断增加,且各类生态服务功能价值波动较大;各土地利用类型生态系统服务价值敏感性指数都小于1,表明生态系统服务价值对服务价值指数缺乏弹性.     

岩溶区不同植被下土壤水溶解无机碳含量及其稳定碳同位素组成特征

自2010年7月至2011年7月对重庆青木关岩溶区典型植被下的土壤水进行了月动态取样,分析了土壤水溶解无机碳含量(DIC浓度)及其稳定碳同位素组成(δ13 CDIC值)的时空变化特征,以揭示岩溶土壤系统碳酸盐岩溶蚀作用及其碳汇效应.研究结果表明:草地和针叶林地土壤水的DIC浓度和δ13 CDIC值相对较低,分别为59.12 mg/L和-17.22％,31.47 mg/L和-16.37‰;而旱地、灌丛地、退耕还林地土壤水具有较高的DIC浓度和δ13 CDIC值,分别达153.88 mg/L和-12.2‰,221.82 mg/L和-11.9‰,97.30 mg/L和-11.23‰,其中灌丛和退耕还林地的δ13CDIC值与DIC浓度呈正比,且雨季较旱季偏高约4‰-5‰.根据δ13CDIC值,结合各植被类型下土壤水DIC浓度与其相应的土壤碳酸盐含量呈正相关,判断旱地、灌丛地、退耕还林地等岩溶土壤水中的DIC主要来自土壤中碳酸盐岩矿物的碳酸溶蚀,即岩溶土壤中存在着碳酸盐岩碳酸溶蚀作用,从而在一定程度上减少了土壤系统向大气排放的CO2量.     

基于线粒体DNA控制区的斑翅草螽不同地理种群遗传分化研究

采用PCR扩增结合DNA克隆测序技术,分析了斑翅草螽Conocephalus maculates 9个地理种群mtDNA控制区序列的变异及遗传多样性.切除侧翼RNA基因序列后,最终获得的斑翅草螽mtDNA控制区比对后全长为676 bp,平均碱基组成T(37.8％),C(11.7％),A(41.3％)和G(9.1％).共检测到98个可变位点,占总位点数的14.5％,其中,9处碱基插入/缺失,74处转换(40个T/C,34个A/G),50处颠换(18个A/T,11个T/G,15个A/C,6个C/G).共定义46个单倍型,其中,4个为种群间共享单倍型(H02、H05、H08和H10),其余42个为各种群独有单倍型,包括6个种群内共享单倍型(H09、H11、H15、H18、H26和H38).单倍型总数占实验个体总数的69.7％,除四川峨眉山外,其余种群单倍型百分比均＞50％.通过两两地理种群间的FST值差异显著性检验,将这些群体分为4组,分别为SC+CQ,GX+FLB+HN+YN,XZ和HB.以长瓣草螽C.gladiatus、峨眉草螽C.emeiensis、悦鸣草螽C.melaenus、竹草螽C.bambusanus为外群,构建的斑翅草螽mtDNA控制区单倍型NJ法系统树形成3个自举支持度较高的分支,其中,分支A由28种单倍体组成,包括本研究中除四川峨眉山(SC)和重庆万州(CQ)以外的7个种群;分支B由12种单倍体组成,包含除菲律宾拉乌尼翁(FLB)和江西南昌(JX)以外的7个种群;分支C由6种单倍型组成,全部来自西藏林芝(XZ)的单倍型.聚类结果表明,斑翅草螽不同地理种群间的遗传分化并不明显,即使是两两群体间FST值差异显著的群体,也未能形成完全独立的分支.     

Role of glucose-regulated protein 78 in pulmonary microvascular remodeling during development of rat hepatopulmonary syndrome

AIM：To explore the mechanisms of pulmonary microvascular remodeling induced by glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) in the development of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) in rats. METHODS：The Wistar rats were randomly divided into HPS groups at the 4th, 6th and 8th weeks, and normal control groups at the corresponding time points. The rat model of HPS produced in the process of liver cirrhosis was induced by employing multiple pathogenic factors to the animals. The rats in normal control group were designed by feeding with standard diet and mineral water. The expression of GRP78, factor Ⅷ- related antigen (FⅧ-RAg), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP, also called growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein 153, GADD153), caspase-12, Bcl-2 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB in the lung tissues were measured by immunohistochemistry. The expression of VEGF at mRNA and protein levels in the lungs was measured by the methods of RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. RESULTS：The expression of GRP78, FⅧ-RAg,VEGF and Bcl-2 proteins was gradually increased with the HPS development. The protein expression of NF-κB was also gradually increased, especially in nucleus. GRP78 protein in the lung was positively correlated with the expression of FⅧ-RAg and VEGF, but negatively correlated with the expression of CHOP/GADD153 and caspase-12. The protein levels of GRP78 and FⅧ-RAg, and VEGF at both mRNA and protein levels were higher, and the protein levels of CHOP/GADD153 and caspase-12 were lower in the rats with HPS at every time point than those in normal control rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION：Overexpression of GRP78 in the lung may be the critical pathogenesis of HPS by promoting cell survival and proliferation, and inhibiting cell apoptosis, thus leading to pulmonary microvascular remodeling.     

Starvation induces autophagy of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts

［ABSTRACT］AIM: To investigate the starvation-induced autophagy of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. METHODS: Primary human fibroblasts from hypertrophic scars were isolated and the fibroblasts in logarithmic growth phase were cultured with amino acid-free Earle's balanced salt solution (EBSS) instead of the DMEM medium. The cells were collected at the time points of 0 h, 1 h, 2 h and 3 h after EBSS culture. The expression of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC-3) and autophagy-related protein Beclin-1 was detected by Western blotting and qRT-PCR. Autopagosomes in fibroblasts were observed by electron microscopy and monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining. RESULTS: The expression of LC3 and Beclin-1 increased at 1 h after starvation, reached to the highest level at 2 h after starvation, and then began to decline, which were still higher than that in control group. Compared with control group, the autopagosomes were observed in the fibroblasts under fluorescence microscope and election microscope at 2 h after starvation. CONCLUSION: Autophagy in fibroblasts of hypertrophic scars can be induced by starvation, which may be related to the formation of hypertrophic scars.     

管道输液对龙眼的产量及果实品质的影响

以"桂香"、"早熟一号"龙眼品种为试材,比较了管道输液施肥和常规土施对龙眼果实生长、产量和果实品质的影响。结果表明:管道输液显著提高了果实品质,果实纵横径、单果重、单株产量、可食率、可溶性固形物和可溶性糖含量均优于土施处理。"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的纵径分别提高了3.24、2.40mm,横径分别提高了0.72、2.45mm;"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的单果重分别提高了19.57%、20.28%;单株产量分别提高了23.23%、5.73%;可食率分别提高了4.45%、5.27%;可溶性固形物含量分别提高了10.83%、17.24%;可溶性糖含量分别提高了18.89%、10.48%。管道输液还有效地提高了龙眼果实矿质营养元素N、K、Ca的含量,但对果实矿质营养元素P和Mg的含量影响不明显。"桂香"和"早熟一号"龙眼的输液处理比土施处理的果实N含量分别提高了17.37%、23.27%;果实K含量分别提高了12.93%、17.30%;果实Ca含量分别提高了32.33%、16.96%。     

废菌糠配合基质栽培铁皮石斛试验

为了利用香菇废菌糠的良好保水保肥力,应用于铁皮石斛的人工栽培中,通过4个不同废菌糠含量的基质配方的栽培试验,与常规配方的对比。结果表明,以配方基质中废菌糠与树皮比例为7∶3和5∶5的配方适宜铁皮石斛栽培,其中以7∶3配方的综合表现最佳。     

城市人工湖泊浮游植物群落结构特征及其主要环境因子分析——以长沙梅溪湖为例

长沙梅溪湖为新兴城市人工湖泊,是国家级新区湘江新区的城市“海绵体”,其水环境与水生态状况是该区域高质量发展关注的重点,对维护湘江新区生态环境具有重要意义。为揭示梅溪湖水生态现状,分季度采集梅溪湖水样,分析浮游植物群落特征及其与环境因子的关系。结果显示梅溪湖浮游植物共有7门96种,其中以绿藻、硅藻和蓝藻种类数居多,占总种类数的86.46%,主要优势种为细小隐球藻（Aphanocapsa elacjista）、小环藻（Cyclotella sp.）、链状曲壳藻（Achnanthes catenata）和尖尾蓝隐藻（Chroomonas acuta）,优势种具有明显季节交替性。浮游植物年均密度为（23.97±9.95）×10^6 cells/L,各季度东部水域密度均高于西部水域;多样性指数评价结果表明梅溪湖水体处于中度污染和中-富营养状态,与水质评价结果基本一致。浮游植物与环境因子基于转化的冗余分析结果显示,水温、氧化还原电位、总氮和亚硝酸盐氮是影响梅溪湖浮游植物群落的主要驱动因子,控制总氮等营养盐的输入将是改善梅溪湖水质和营养状态的有效手段。     

地方高校食品专业科研实验室管理措施探析

以渤海大学食品科学与工程学院科研实验室管理经验为依据,分别从实验室安全管理制度、安全教育及基础设施保障等方面进行详细阐述,并重点突出研究生在科研实验室管理中的作用,旨在为建设一个安全、和谐、绿色的实验环境提供安全保障,从而更好地为地方高校科研和学科建设服务。