图书馆复印机的作用与使用维护

介绍了复印机在现代图书馆工作中的重要作用,通过对复印机常见故障的分析,提出了解决方法,指出日常维护和保养可以保证复印机的完好工作状态,提高复印服务水平,延长使用寿命,达到节能减耗的目的.     

油菜抗倒伏测试风洞关键部件仿真与试验

为解决现有油菜抗倒伏品种选育周期长、难度大等问题，依托计算流体力学软件Fluent建立油菜抗倒伏测试风洞模型，对风洞扩散段、稳定段、收缩段等关键部位进行参数设计及仿真试验，分析该模型对风洞流场品质的影响，最终通过正交试验选择最佳设计方案。结果显示，单因素试验中，收缩段长度Lc增加，风洞出口风速变异系数增加，气流品质下降；随稳定段长度Lw增加，风洞出口风速变异系数先减小后增加，稳定段长度1 000 mm时，风速变异系数最低，气流品质最佳；阻尼网距稳定段出口长度增加，风洞出口风速变异系数先降低后增加，阻尼网距稳定段出口0.65Lw时，风速变异系数最小。正交试验结果显示，收缩段长度600 mm、稳定段800 mm、阻尼网距风洞出口0.65Lw时，对应风洞试验区风速平均变异系数为0.139，风速较其他方案更稳定，气流品质最佳。实测验证发现，与仿真结果相比，实测风速大小无明显差别，且实测结果中各截面风速变异系数略优于仿真值，整体仿真结果与实测效果拟合较好。     

液化石油气储罐安全防护方式的比较与选择

介绍了液化石油气储罐火灾事故的危害及其连锁反应过程,对液化石油气罐区的安全防护方式进行了分析,并对各种防护方式的特点进行了比较,提出了液化石油气储罐设计时选择安全防护方法的基本原则.     

《生物技术原理及应用》实验教学改革的探索

针对现行生物技术实验教学的薄弱之处,对《生物技术原理及应用》实验教学的改革进行了一些探索,提出了改进和加强实验技能培养的具体建议。     

Impact of weedy rice populations on the growth and yield of direct-seeded and transplanted rice

To examine the impact of weedy rice ( Oryza sativa L. f. spontanea ) populations on the growth and yield of direct-seeded and transplanted rice ( Oryza sativa ), a field experiment with a random two-factor design that included cultivation methods (direct-seeding and transplanting) and the density of weedy rice (0, 5, 25, and 125 plants per m²) was conducted. The data from the experiment showed that weedy rice had a significantly poorer performance in the direct-seeded fields than in the transplanted fields in terms of its vegetative (plant height) and reproductive traits (panicle and seed production). In contrast, with the interference of weedy rice, cultivated rice showed an improved performance in the direct-seeded fields than in the transplanted fields, with a significantly higher tiller production and grain yield. The results suggest that cultivated rice can tolerate more successfully the infestation of weedy rice in direct-seeded fields because of its enhanced competitive ability compared to that in transplanted fields.     

Study on Proliferation and Apoptosis of EBL Cells Induced by P48 Protein of Mycoplasma bovis

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of P48 protein on proliferation and apoptosis of embryonic bovine lung (EBL) cells.In this study,samples which co-incubated with P48 protein and EBL cells in different concentrations at different time points were collected,the proliferation rate of the cells was detected by MTT method,and the changes in the nuclear morphology of EBL cells were observed by DAPI staining method.Meanwhile,flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of EBL cells induced by P48 protein.Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect the changes in mRNA level of apoptotic marker genes,and Western blotting tested the Bax and Beclin-1 protein expressions.The results showed that under the condition of 72 h and 10 μg/mL of protein concentration treatment,P48 extremely significantly inhibited EBL cells proliferation (P<0.01),while 0.1 and 0.5 μg/mL protein concentration had no inhibitory effect (P>0.05).The nuclear morphology showed no significant change after protein induction for 12 h,but wrinkled and condensed at 24 h.The nucleus was fragmented,and a sprouted apoptotic body was appeared at 48 and 72 h.Apoptosis related genes expression showed no obvious increase at 2 and 12 h at mRNA level,but gradually increased at 24,48 and 72 h,and it showed a time-dependent manner.Accordingly,the expression of apoptosis marker proteins Bax and Beclin-1 significantly increased.Flow cytometry analysis showed that the apoptosis rate of EBL cells induced by P48 protein was 48.44%.In conclusion,P48 recombinant protein of Mycoplasmas bovis inhibited the proliferation of EBL cells and promoted their apoptosis,which provided reference for revealing the pathogenic mechanism of Mycoplasmas bovis.     

五指山猪和杜洛克猪全基因组选择信号差异分析

旨在探究五指山猪和杜洛克猪免疫和脂质代谢相关基因的选择信号差异。本研究从海南国家级五指山猪保种场采集30头4月龄健康(10公,20母)五指山猪的耳组织进行全基因组重测序(whole genome sequencing,WGS),从NCBI数据库下载29头杜洛克猪全基因组重测序数据(SRA：PRJNA378496);通过生物信息学方法分析59个样本WGS数据的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNPs),进行SNPs过滤,定位SNPs在基因组的位置,分析其结构特征和基因型频率,并注释对应基因的功能;使用XP-CLR方法筛选五指山猪基因组受到强烈选择的区域,分析两个品种相关通路基因的功能差异。结果表明,五指山猪平均每个样本共筛选到36 961 902个SNPs位点,内含子区域分布最多,平均每个样本16 729 364个,约占45.26%,编码区(起始、终止密码子)平均有2 073个SNPs;五指山猪受选择的基因组区域主要集中在免疫、代谢和神经功能相关通路;免疫反应通路中,9个基因(TGFBR2、IL26、IL15、BMPR2、TNFSF15、TNFSF4、TNFSF8、ACKR4、TNFRSF11B)功能区域SNPs位点在五指山猪中只存在一种突变纯合基因型,而在杜洛克猪大部分个体中存在3种基因型(野生纯合基因型、杂合子、突变纯合基因型),其中野生纯合基因型比例最高;脂类代谢通路中,关键调节基因IRS2、PRKG1、ADCY5的基因型频率与免疫反应基因类似。在五指山猪中突变纯合基因型比例为100%,在杜洛克猪中野生纯合基因型所占比例为48%~93%(14/29-27/29)。本研究筛选出与五指山猪免疫性状相关的候选基因9个、与脂类代谢相关的候选基因3个,发现五指山猪免疫、代谢和神经功能相关基因的受选择程度强于杜洛克猪,为揭示五指山猪特色性状形成的分子机制提供参考。     

系统分析多组织转录组鉴定影响猪脂肪沉积的关键基因

旨在挖掘影响松辽黑猪脂肪沉积的关键基因及脂肪、肝和肌肉在体内的功能。本研究选择体重100 kg左右健康且背膘厚差异显著的6头(高、低各3头)松辽黑猪为试验动物,利用高通量转录组测序技术检测其脂肪、肝和背最长肌组织中基因的表达水平,鉴定不同脂肪沉积猪和不同组织中的差异表达基因,并分析差异表达基因的生物学功能。结果表明,在不同分组的猪中发现135个差异表达基因,其中部分参与了PPAR信号通路、AMPK信号通路、代谢通路、脂肪酸代谢和甘油代谢等通路。经生物学功能分析发现,EHHADH、ME1、SCD、OLR1、PHGDH、ACLY、LEP和CYP超家族基因等基因为影响猪脂肪沉积的关键基因。在不同组织的差异表达表达基因中,脂肪组织中高表达的基因显著富集在胰岛素信号通路、MAPK信号通路、三羧酸循环、氧化磷酸化等通路;肝中高表达基因显著富集在多种物质的代谢、脂肪酸的降解、氨基酸的合成等通路;背最长肌中高表达的基因主要参与了蛋白质的降解、PI3K-Akt信号通路、氧化磷酸化通路、Wnt信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇信号通路等通路。不同组间差异表达基因分析结果提示,EHHADH、ME1、SCD、OLR1、PHGDH、ACLY、LEP和CYP超家族基因等基因是影响脂肪沉积的关键基因;不同组织间差异表达基因表明,脂肪组织是脂肪合成的主要部位,而肝和肌肉组织主要涉及脂肪酸的降解。本研究结果对脂肪性状的遗传改良、机理解析有一定意义。