一种猕猴桃叶斑病病原鉴定及生物学特性

以猕猴桃叶斑病典型症状叶片为试材,采用组织分离法分离、纯化并结合回接试验确定病原菌,结合形态学和分子生物学对病原菌进行鉴定,并通过不同培养条件对该病原菌的生物学特性进行探究,以期为该病害发生规律的探究和综合防治措施的制定提供参考依据.结果 表明:引起猕猴桃叶斑病致病病原为可可毛色二孢菌(L.theobromae);该病原菌在10～35℃内均能生长,最适温度为28℃,最适pH为5,光照条件为连续光照,适宜的碳、氮源分别为可溶性淀粉和酵母膏.     

中美体育慈善现状的比较研究

美国体育慈善有着良好的慈善文化背景、税收激励和管理制度，在参与意识、运营主体、运营规模 、活动方式、评估约束机制、组织等慈等方面都已经取得卓有成效的效果。中国体育慈善需要不断地吸取 美国已有的成熟经验，扩大慈善参与形式，完善慈善制度建设，逐步养成中国体育明星慈善参与的道德责 任和习惯，实现国内体育慈善蓬勃发展的新局面。     

密度和播期对杂交玉米遵糯4号鲜穗数的影响

采用206最优回归设计方案,研究了不同密度和播期对遵糯4号鲜穗数的影响。结果表明:在试验设置的密度和播期范围内,随二因素升高,鲜穗数先升后降。综合考虑,密度在55 500~64 500株/hm2、播期在4月12—18日水平区间内,有利于遵糯4号鲜穗数的提高。     

镉重度超标耕地饲料桑利用安全性评价研究

通过试验研究筛选出生物产量高、营养成份丰富的饲料桑品种粤桑11号,在镉重度超标耕地桑叶中镉的含量符合国家饲料卫生标准。镉重度超标耕地桑叶发酵料中镉的含量也符合国家饲料卫生标准,在饲料桑基地用桑叶发酵料配合饲料饲养生猪其肉质指标测定结果符合食品要求。研究结果表明,在镉超标耕地上可种植桑品种粤桑11号进行饲料化利用。     

地方高校图书馆员队伍建设的思考

高校图书馆作为文献信息中心,馆员队伍素质状况直接影响到其效能的发挥。以黄冈师范学院图书馆为例,针对目前地方高校图书馆员队伍建设中存在的问题,在分析其原因的基础上提出了应对策略。     

紫花苜蓿形态和生理指标响应干旱胁迫的品种特异性

为研究紫花苜蓿在叶片和根系水平上响应干旱胁迫的形态和生理的品种特异性规律,在温室内分析了干旱胁迫下WL363HQ和巨能7紫花苜蓿株高、分枝数、生物量及叶片和根系中丙二醛（MDA）、脯氨酸、抗氧化酶类物质、C、N含量、C/N、稳定性C同位素（δ¹³C）和稳定性N同位素（δ¹⁵N）。结果表明：干旱胁迫显著降低了供试品种地上部分和根系的干重及分枝数（P<0.05）。干旱胁迫显著降低了巨能7的株高（P<0.05）,但增加了巨能7的根冠比,而WL363HQ的结果与之相反,这说明干旱胁迫下供试品种的株高和根冠比具有品种特异性的规律。干旱胁迫增加了WL363HQ和巨能7叶片和根系中MDA和脯氨酸的含量及抗氧化酶物质的活性,且在器官水平也具有品种特异性规律。干旱胁迫下巨能7叶片的MDA含量显著增加（P<0.05）,而在WL363HQ根系中的MDA含量也显著增加（P<0.05）。干旱胁迫下WL363HQ叶片脯氨酸含量、POD和SOD活性,及根系SOD的活性均显著增加（P<0.05）,而巨能7仅叶片SOD活性,根系脯氨酸含量、POD活性显著升高（P<0.05）。尽管干旱胁迫对供试品种叶片和根系C、N含量无显著影响（P>0.05）,但干旱胁迫显著提高了WL363HQ和巨能7紫花苜蓿根系的δ¹³C（P<0.05）,且WL363HQ叶片的δ¹⁵N均显著高于巨能7（P<0.05）。此外,干旱胁迫均显著提高了巨能7叶片和根系的C/N（P<0.05）。干旱胁迫下供试品种C、N代谢参数并没有在叶片和根系中表现出较为明显的品种特异性规律,深层次的机制还有待进一步研究。本研究结果将为进一步掌握紫花苜蓿叶片和根系协同抗旱机制及抗旱丰产紫花苜蓿新品种的选育提供理论依据。     

不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮对宁乡猪生长性能、胴体品质和肉品质的影响

本试验旨在研究不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮对宁乡猪生长性能、胴体品质及肉品质的影响。选用体重约18 kg的宁乡猪仔猪72头,随机分为3组(每组4个重复,每个重复6头):对照组饲喂基础饲粮(前、中、后3期蛋白质水平分别为14.03%、12.06%、11.01%;全期消化能为12.15 MJ/kg);试验A组饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上3期蛋白质水平各降低约2个百分点、全期消化能降低1.25 MJ/kg的低营养水平饲粮;试验B组饲喂在基础饲粮的基础上3期蛋白质水平各降低约3个百分点、全期消化能降低2.50 MJ/kg的超低营养水平饲粮。试验期180 d。结果表明:1)试验组前期料重比和平均日增重较对照组显著提高(P<0.05);从全期来看,3个组间生长性能差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)试验B组的肥肉率较对照组和试验A组显著降低(P<0.05),瘦肉率有提高趋势。与对照组相比,试验组胴体垂直长均极显著提高(P<0.01);试验B组胴体斜长、皮厚显著提高(P<0.05)。3)试验组背最长肌pH 1 h显著降低(P<0.05),其他肉品质性状各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,降低饲粮能量和蛋白质水平,对宁乡猪生长性能和肉品质没有明显负面影响,且能提高屠宰性能,改善胴体组成。在本试验中,超低营养水平饲粮对胴体组成的改善效果优于低营养水平饲粮。     

北京市规模化奶牛场运动场防雨现状及建议

运动场是保障奶牛生产力和动物福利的重要设施。2021年6—9月,频繁降雨导致北京地区多家奶牛场的运动场积水,为奶牛生产力、奶牛场生防安全、环境卫生、运动场舒适性和动物福利带来隐患。通过线上线下结合,调研了北京地区27 家规模化奶牛场的运动场防雨、排水及垫料现状。结果表明：调研奶牛场中,88.90%奶牛场配备了运动场,其中83.33%奶牛场通过设置地面倾角、设置挡雨棚、雨污分离槽及布设排水管道（沟渠）、雨后水泵排水等方式实现运动场防雨及排水。此外,针对运动场建设、运动场防雨、运动场舒适性展开讨论,以期改善运动场防雨现状,满足集约化奶牛场可持续发展需求和提升动物福利。     

Establishment and Application of a Multiplex RT-PCR Assay for Detection of PEDV,TGEV and PRoV

In this study,a multiplex RT-PCR assay was established to differentially detect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV),porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) and porcine rotavirus (PRoV) after optimization of the reaction conditions.Three pairs of primers PEDV-N,TGEV-M and PRoV-VP6 were designed for specifically amplifying PEDV N gene,TGEV M gene and PRoV VP6 gene,respectively.The assay could specifically amplify PEDV,TGEV and PRoV,but not classical swine fever virus (CSFV),porcine foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV),pseudorabies virus (PRV),porcine parvovirus (PPV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2).The detection limits of PEDV,TGEV and PRoV standard recombinant plasmids were 1.41×10³,1.41×10² and 1.41×10³ copies/μL,respectively.The repeated reaction under the same conditions obtained uniform results.The assay was used to detect a total number of 190 clinical samples,of which 42 (22.11%) samples were positive for PEDV,58 (30.53%) samples for TGEV and 34 (17.89%) samples for PRoV,and there were mixed infection among these viruses.The results indicated that this multiplex RT-PCR assay had the advantages of sensitivity,specificity and repeatability and provided a useful tool for differential detection and epidemiological investigation of PEDV,TGEV and PRoV.     

Protective Effect of Sulforaphane on Reproductive Function of Male Mice with Cadmium Poisoning

The study was aimed to explore the protective effect of sulforaphane (SFN) on the reproductive function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.40 healthy clean grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group (H₂O),cadmium chloride group (2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),sulforaphane group (10 mg/kg SFN),sulforaphane + cadmium chloride group (10 mg/kg SFN+2.3 mg/kg CdCl₂),and continuous administration for 10 d,all mice were executed by dislocated cervical vertebra at 2 d after the last administration,and then the pathologic changes of testicular tissues,organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis,sperm quality and concentration of testosterone were tested.Additionally,the contents of GSH and MDA,and the activities of T-SOD in testis were also detected at the same time. Compared with the control group,pathology damages were observed in cadmium chloride group,organ coefficient of testis and epididymis,sperm quality and levels of testosterone extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),the activities of T-SOD and GSH content were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly enhanced (P<0.01).Compared with the control group,the activity of T-SOD and concentration of GSH in sulforaphane group were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the concentration of MDA was not significant different between the control group and sulforaphane group (P>0.05).While compared with the cadmium chloride group,the sperm motility rate and sperm total count in sulforaphane and cadmium chloride group were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),the organ coefficient of testicle and epididymis was increased significantly (P<0.05),the concentration of GSH and activity of T-SOD in testicular tissue were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01),and the concentration of MDA was extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The results indicated that sulforaphane had the protection effect on reproduction function of male mice with cadmium poisoning.