小鼠生殖细胞特异基因Oct4启动子片段克隆及报告载体构建

本研究通过PCR方法从小鼠(Mus musculus)基因组中扩增出Oct4启动子的CR4区和CR1区,将其克隆到真核报告载体pEGFP-1,构建了携带Dct4启动子片段的小鼠生殖细胞特异性报告载体CR1,4-pEGFP-1.用该载体转染多种细胞,在荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)在细胞中的表达情况,同时以半定量RT-PCR检测转染细胞中Oct4及其它生殖细胞特异性基因的转录情况.结果显示,GFP在小鼠胚胎干细胞、小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)和C2C12细胞中均不表达,而在P19细胞和睾丸细胞中表达.RT-PCR结果显示,Oct4在P19、睾丸细胞和生殖干细胞中特异性转录.这表明所构建的绿色荧光蛋白报告载体只在生殖细胞和多能生殖干细胞中内表达,该质粒可作为示踪生殖细胞的工具,同时也可以作为生殖干细胞多能性状态的一个监测标记.     

牛生发泡期裸卵体外成熟培养体系的建立

本研究通过牛(Bos taurus)卵母细胞体外成熟培养不同时间(0和10 h),剥除卵母细胞外周的颗粒细胞后继续培养,观察其与不脱颗粒细胞正常体外成熟培养卵母细胞之间的差异.研究结果显示:成熟培养0脱颗粒细胞的卵母细胞,与正常成熟培养的卵母细胞在成熟率(19.51%vs.80.14%,P<0.05)、卵裂率(27.08%vs.82.61%,P<0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(7.69%vs.21.71%,P<0.05)差异显著;成熟培养10 h后脱颗粒细胞的牛卵母细胞,与正常体外成熟培养的卵母细胞相比,在成熟率(82.71%vs.80.14%,P>0.05)、卵裂率(83.01%vs.82.61%,P>0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(19.30%vs.21.71%,P>0.05)无显著差异.向成熟培养10h脱颗粒细胞的卵母细胞内注射pVenus-Hlfoo mRNA,pVenus,pDsRed1-N1和重组质粒pDsRedl-Hle都能够得到表达.非功能标记基因显微注射组与对照组在卵母细胞成熟率(81.42%vs.82.03%,P>0.05)、卵裂率(75.24%vs.78.15%,P>0.05)和孤雌激活胚胎囊胚率(17.42%vs.18.82%,P>0.05)上差异不显著.研究结果提示:在成熟培养10 h,剥离颗粒细胞不会影响牛卵母细胞的发育潜能,这一技术平台可以用于牛卵母细胞体外成熟分子机制的研究.     

秤锤树叶片内生真菌的分离鉴定及其对植株生长的影响

本研究从秤锤树叶片中分离内生菌进行分子鉴定,并接种到无菌组培苗中研究其对植株生长的影响。研究结果显示,从秤锤树叶片中共分离获得7株真菌。扩增出的6个菌株经ITS测序,在NCBI网站上进行基因序列比对,鉴定出其中5株菌株均属于球毛壳菌（Chaetomium globosum）,1株属于子囊菌（As-comycete）。进一步实验表明：分离的菌株多数对组培苗的株高生长影响不大,可初步鉴定其为内生菌,其中的属于球毛壳菌的F和H菌株对无菌苗的株高有明显的促进作用。     

Evaluation of twelve-hour preprandial and two-hour postprandial serum bile acids concentrations for diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease in dogs

In samples collected from 170 dogs suspected of having hepatobiliary disease, preprandial serum bile acids (PRSBA) and postprandial serum bile acids (POSBA) concentrations were measured, using a spectrophotometric enzymatic method. Dogs were assigned to 8 disease groups and 1 control group on the basis of hepatic histopathologic findings. Pre- and postprandial SBA concentrations and results of routine biochemical analyses (including total bilirubin, albumin, and BUN concentrations, and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities) were expressed, using 4 indices: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value. Single tests and combinations of tests in series were evaluated. For diagnosis of hepatobiliary disease, the specificity of PRSBA was 100% at values greater than 20 mumol/L and of POSBA was 100% at values greater than 25 mumol/L. Test combinations with the best sensitivity for diagnosing the following diseases were: PRSBA-POSBA for cirrhosis, portosystemic vascular anomaly, and glucocorticoid hepatopathy; PRSBA-POSBA or PRSBA-ALP for cholestasis; PRSBA-POSBA or ALT-AST for chronic hepatitis; PRSBA-ALT for hepatic necrosis and passive congestion; and PRSBA-ALP for neoplasia. Test combinations with the overall highest sensitivity and positive predictive value for the fewest number of tests were PRSBA-POSBA, and either PRSBA or POSBA combined with an enzyme activity (ALT, AST, or ALP). The overall test efficacy for PRSBA vs POSBA was nearly identical: for PRSBA, it was 82.4%, and for POSBA, it was 82.3%. On the basis of the results of this study, PRSBA greater than 20 mumol/L or POSBA greater than 25 mumol/L (measured by use of an enzymatic procedure) indicates histopathologic abnormalities of the hepatobiliary system or portosystemic vascular anastomosis. Seemingly, determination of SBA concentrations can be used to indicate the propriety for hepatic biopsy. Pre- and postprandial serum bile acids concentrations should be evaluated in conjunction with routinely used hepatobiliary screening tests for best diagnostic advantage.     

助剂对高效氯氰菊酯在甘蓝叶片表皮渗透性的影响

 研究了3类助剂（矿物油、高级脂肪酸、非离子表面活性剂）对非内吸性杀虫剂高效氯氰菊酯在甘蓝叶片表皮渗透性的影响,证明药液的渗透性在一定范围内与药剂中助剂含量和给药后的时间成正相关。助剂间一定比例的配合对该渗透性具有协同作用。通过添加助剂后药液的各种物理性状进行测试及助剂溶液改变甘蓝表面蜡质结构的电镜观察,初步讨论了各类助剂影响渗透性的作用机理。     

阿拉善左旗土地合理利用的途径

本文分析了阿拉善左旗资源与环境,论述了土地利用现状及存在的问题,并提出在荒漠区如何合理经营畜牧业,防止草场退化,建立饲草料基地及扩大林地面积等措施。     

Causes of Sandstorm Disaster and Strategies against Desertification——A Case Study of Hexi Corridor in Northwest China

This case study outlines the problems faced by the peoples of the Hexi Corridor. These problems are serious and urgent, and are representative of those faced by other communities right across western China. The root causes are outlined and some remedies are suggested. The practical measures proposed under China's National Action Plan to Combat Desertification are described and discussed.     

结构阻尼系统的一种子结构综合方法

本文对结构阻尼系统提出一种模态综合方法,该方法特别适合于部件对接界面自由度较少情况下的结构综合.给出了一个算例来说明方法的有效性.     

转基因黑杨的抗虫性测定与分析

对大田移植的转基因杨树的PCR分析表明：5个转Bt单基因杨树无性系(FB40、FB45、FB56、FB59、FB60)和4个转双价基因(Bt和CpTI)杨树无性系(D9、D18、D27、D32)均检测到了Bt基因特异片段。在检测的12个转基因杨树无性系中，ELISA结果表明，转双价基因杨树无性系中以D18的Bt杀虫蛋白表达量最高，Bt杀虫蛋白含量达6754ng／g鲜叶，约占植物可溶性蛋白的0．090％；在转Bt单基因杨树无性系中以FB51表达量最高，达6796ng／g鲜叶，占植物可溶性蛋白的0．036％。