Preparation of Atherosclerosis Model Using Guangxi Bama Mini-pig

The atherosclerosis (AS) model was prepared in Guangxi Bama mini-pig,and the atherosclerosis index (AI) was preliminarily identified in occurrence of AS to provide the basis for the preparation of related models.20 Guangxi Bama mini-pigs were randomly divided into control group and experimental group which were fed with high fat and cholesterol diet to prepare the AS model.Blood biochemical indexes were detected in the process of model preparation and the correlation between AI and the results of vascular slices was analyzed to initially draw up AI of AS.The results of vascular slices showed that the incidence rates of AS of Guangxi Bama mini-pigs in experimental group and control group were 20% and 0,respectively.The association analysis between the results of vascular slices and AI in the pathogenic Guangxi Bama mini-pigs preliminarily suggested that AI was above 3.8 and lasted for more than 3 months during the attack.     

响应曲面法优化草莓汁花色苷促溶技术的研究

为了加速溶出草莓汁中的花青毒,以哈尼草莓为试验材料,原花青素含量为检测指标,依据中心组合响应面设计,研究果胶酶处理对草莓中色素物质溶出的影响。结果表明:果胶酶处理的最佳工艺条件为果胶酶添加浓度为(质量比)1.70‰,45℃处理2.87h;方差分析结果表明模型高度显著(P=0.0002),失拟性不显著(P0.1)。该模型可进行草莓汁加工中花青素溶出的分析及预测。通过该技术处理,可以得到花青素含量高、颜色较好的草莓汁。     

马铃薯微型原种播种机关键部件设计

农业产业和经济发展速度的加快及科学技术水平的提高，使机械设计和制造技术在农业产业中大规模的推广应用。马铃薯作为农业产业重要的组成部分，通过提高其种植技术和水平可以间接地发展其种植潜力。该文在马铃薯种植期间以微型原种播种机为例，通过对原种种植农艺的分析，对关键部件的设计方案展开研究。      

Analysis on Genetic Diversity and Phyletic Evolution of mtDNA Cytb Gene in Zhongdian Yak

In order to investigate the genetic diversity and the origin of evolutionary relationship of Zhongdian yak,we analyzed the complete sequence of 15 individuals Cytb gene,its sequence polymorphism was analyzed,and the phylogenetic tree was constructed.The results showed that the length of the nucleotide sequence were 1 140 bp,with nucleotide frequencies of 26.3%,31.8%,13.1% and 28.8% for T,A,G and C,respectively.Three haplotypes were identified of 15 individuals,with 3 polymorphic sites,including two conversions,one transversion,haplotype diversity was 0.2571 and nucleotide diversity was 0.00035.Phylogenetic analysis suggested that Zhongdian yak and Bos mutusc clustered firstly,then gathered with Bison bison,which indicated that there were high genetic similarity and closer genetic relationship,genetic similarity with other cattle genus was relatively low.Combining with the proof of molecular biology and paleontology,the result supported the point that Bos grunniens and Bos mutus were classified as an alone genus in Bovinae.     

巨型艾美耳球虫偏菱形样蛋白EmRP免疫原性分析

在前期研究中,从巨型艾美耳球虫(Eimeria maxima)cDNA文库中筛选到了免疫保护性抗原偏菱形样蛋白EmRP,本研究为揭示该抗原的免疫保护机理,进一步检测了其免疫原性。以E.maxima卵囊cDNA为模板,用RT-PCR技术扩增EmRP,并构建真核表达质粒pVAX1-EmRP,将其经腿部肌肉注射2周龄的雏鸡,3周龄加强免疫。分别于首次免疫后和加强免疫后1周,采集血清,用ELISA方法检测血清特异性IgG水平,用荧光定量PCR方法(qPCR)检测细胞因子水平,用流式细胞术检测CD4^+T淋巴细胞和CD8^+T淋巴细胞的比例,分析EmRP诱导的免疫反应。序列分析表明,EmRP含有偏菱形样蛋白超家族成员保守区域,为非跨膜蛋白,分子量约为28.4 kD。真核表达质粒pVAX1-EmRP免疫鸡后,与对照组相比,鸡体IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-10和IL-17等细胞因子转录水平显著提升;CD8^+和CD4^+ T细胞比例显著提高,而血清特异性IgG水平与对照组差异不显著。结果表明,EmRP诱导的免疫保护作用主要是由其诱导的细胞免疫反应实现的,可以作为研制E.maxima新型疫苗的候选抗原。     

固态发酵醋糟饲料对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸含量的影响

本试验旨在研究固态发酵醋糟饲料(SFVD)对育肥猪生长性能、养分表观消化率、血清指标及粪便中挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)含量的影响。选择体况相近[(59.04±0.33)kg]的健康“杜×长×大”三元杂交生长育肥猪60头,随机分为2个组,每组3个重复,每个重复10头猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮+150 mg/kg土霉素钙,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+5%的SFVD。预试期6 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪平均日采食量(ADFI)具有一定的促进趋势(P=0.056);显著降低了育肥猪饲粮中干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)、有机物(OM)和总能(GE)的表观消化率(P<0.05),对粗脂肪(EE)表观消化率有一定的促进趋势(P=0.052);显著提高了育肥猪血清谷草转氨酶(AST)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白(HDL)和免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.055和P=0.077);显著提高了育肥猪粪便中丙酸含量(P<0.05),粪便中甲酸和总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)含量也呈现出一定的升高趋势(P=0.071和P=0.054)。由此可见,基础饲粮中添加5%的SFVD对育肥猪生长性能、肠道健康及免疫性能的提高具有潜在的促进作用。     

硒对母猪氧化应激及其后代抗氧化能力的营养调控研究

硒作为的重要微量元素之一,可以通过胎盘和乳组织进行转移。仔猪可以从乳汁中获取硒源,提高硒含量,进而提高仔猪的初生重。同时,硒也能够调节母猪妊娠期间代谢速度,控制妊娠期自由基产生,进而提高胎盘输送营养功能。文章从母猪氧化应激体系角度来解析硒对母猪妊娠期氧化应激的调控机制、硒对哺乳母猪生产性能的调控作用。     

长白山区不同茖葱材料种质资源现状调查与分析

为明确长白山区茖葱种质资源分布状况,对长白山区4个种源地5个不同茖葱材料的地理分布、生物学特性、物候特性、生境与营养品质进行调查与分析.结果表明:(1)长白山区茖葱多生长在海拔500 m以上的冷凉阴湿山坡、林下、林缘及沟渠边等地,对空气湿度、土壤水分与林分郁闭度有一定要求,其物候期也较早.(2)5个材料的生物学特性与物候特性存在差异,东丰材料与敦化宽叶材料可归为宽叶型材料,而敦化窄叶材料、安图材料与汪清材料可归为窄叶型材料.(3)宽叶型材料有较高的营养物质含量,而窄叶型材料中的营养物质含量较低.(4)不同材料的生长状况、物候期与营养品质也受其各自生境差异的影响,因此,在进行人工栽培与迁地保存时,既要选取较适合仿生栽培的种源(材料),也应创造尽量接近原始生境的栽培条件.     

基于微课的翻转课堂在“食品机械与设备”教学中的实践

微课是以学习者为中心设计的可视化学习资源,随着现代信息技术的不断发展,目前已被广泛引入高校教学过程。“食品机械与设备”是食品科学类专业的核心课程之一,结合该课程知识点复杂分散、理论与实践融合难等特点,提出了基于微课的翻转课堂教学模式,并应用于“食品机械与设备”的教学实践,旨在促进教学效果的提升,提高学习者的自主学习能力和兴趣,可为食品科学类专业实践能力培养提供更好的方式,同时为其他相关专业教学改革提供借鉴。