钝绥螨属(蜱螨亚纲植绥螨科)拉戈群两个种的比较研究

钝绥螨属拉戈群的不少种类是叶螨、跗线螨和瘿螨的重要天敌。分清种类是利用它们的前提。拉戈群中的种间形态差异不大,鉴定时容易混淆。本试验用采自江苏和四川茶树的两种钝绥螨进行杂交和形态、生物学比较。研究结果表明,这两个种存在着明显的生殖隔离。二者胸板后缘形态差异显著,前者为江原钝绥螨(Amblyseius eharai Amitai et Swirski);后者为草栖钝绥螨[A.herbicolus(Chant)],德氏钝绥螨(A.deleoni Muma et Denmark)是它的同物异名。比较二者的发育速度、产卵量及分布地区,可看出江原钝绥螨更有利用价值。     

云南水稻根际土壤中的线虫种类鉴定

描述了云南水稻根际土壤中发现的3种植物寄生线虫燕麦真滑刃线虫A phelenchus avenae Bastian, 1865,多带螺旋线虫Helicotylechus multicinctus (Cobb, 1893) Golden, 1956和穿刺短体线虫Pratylenchus penetrans (Cobb, 1917) Chitwood & Otifa, 1952.这3种寄生线虫均为云南省新记录.     

华北平原北部农区麻雀的繁殖生态

2006年4-8月对华北平原北部河北廊坊农区麻雀(Passer montanus)的繁殖生态进行了研究。观察到麻雀的巢主要建于农户的房舍,少量建于电表箱中的空隙和电线杆洞中。巢由主体巢和进入主巢的通道构成。亲鸟饲喂雏鸟次数从雏鸟孵出后第5日开始迅速增加,喂食高峰出现在第7~9日,此后逐渐下降。繁殖期麻雀具求偶炫耀、补巢、警戒、食物处理和对幼鸟的指导等行为。     

交换性阳离子和胡敏酸对粘土絮凝——分散的作用

选用Ｎａ、Ｃａ＾＋和胡敏酸（ＨＡ）研究不同价态的交换性阳离子、土壤有机质对纯矿物和土壤粘粒絮凝分散的作用。结果：粘粒悬浮液中Ｎａ或Ｃａ浓度较低时，土壤有机质均能提高纯矿物和土壤粘粒的分散程度，表现为粘粒悬浮液的临界絮凝浓度（ＣＦＣ）随ＨＡ添加量的增加而提高。当Ｎａ或Ｃａ浓度较高时，有机质推动对粘粒的分散作用。用Ｈ２Ｏ２去除土壤有机质后，土壤粘粒分散程度明显下降，ＣＦＣ减小，有机质含量较高的黄棕壤Ｃ     

鸭嘴式旱作多功能精密穴播轮的试验研究

在室内试验台架上进行了穴播轮容种量、转速、成穴投种器和翼板的几何安装尺寸对播种性能影响的试验 ,并在此基础上进行了相应的正交寻优试验。试验结果表明 ,穴播轮可靠工作速度为 0 .18～ 0 .2 7m/s,容种高度为 2 0～ 170mm ;当固定管后倾角为 10° ,翼板长度为 80mm ,翼板位置角为 12 0°时 ,播种质量最佳     

刚竹毒蛾的发生与防治

刚竹毒蛾是安徽省南方毛竹产区近年新发生的一种重要食叶害虫,以幼虫危害竹叶,大发生时造成全林枯死.介绍了刚竹毒蛾的形态特征、生物学特性及防治方法.     

东北梅花鹿与东北马鹿种间杂交F#-1能育性的细胞遗传学基础的研究

 本文对东北梅花鹿与东北马鹿的F#-1代杂种鹿的能育性进行了研究。从F#-1的染色体组型、G带、C带和Ag—NORs的观察表明，F#-1双亲鹿的染色体高度同源，差异只涉及一个罗伯逊易位；精母细胞联会复合体显示出F#-1减数分裂时，同源染色体能很好的配对，形成31个完整的常染色体联会复合体，1个端着丝粒染色体/中着丝粒染色体的三价体和XY双价体。三价体的顺式构型有利于同源染色体能平均分配到子细胞中而产生平衡配子；睾丸组织切片证实了F#-1的生殖腺生长发育正常。所以，F#-1两性皆育。说明其亲本鹿之间隔离机制不完善。这两种鹿应属同一个孟德尔群体。     

植物保护专业教学改革探析

通过推行启发式教学,培养学生创新思维能力;因材施教,注重实际,培养学生的综合能力;变被动学习为主动学习,增强学生主人翁意识;采用加强实践环节,培养学生的自学能力;勇于创新,激活实践教学内容和方式,提高学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。     

Biological characteristics of strain F603 of Epicoccom sp., an antagonistic fungus for controlling Phytophthora infestans

Factors influencing vegetative growth and spore germination of strain F603 of Epicoccom sp., an antagonistic fungus for Phytophthora infestans (Mont) de Bary, were studied. Among the different growth media tested, Rye agar was the best medium for its vegetative growth. The range of temperature and pH value for mycelial growth was 5–35°C and 2–12, respectively, with the optimum 25°C and 6–9, respectively. The fungus grew better in Czapek medium with maltose and dextrose as carbon sources and peptone, KNO₃, and NaNO₃ as nitrogen sources. The range of temperature for spore germination of strain F603 was 5–35°C, the optimum was 20°C. The range of temperature for sporulation was 10–30°C, and the optimum was 15–18°C.     

Effects of Priming in Combination with Fungicides on Germination and Infestation of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

Two seed lots of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. Krolowa Majowych were primed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) 8000 at -1.25MPa for 7 days in dark at 20℃. Two fungicide treatments combined with PEG were used to control fungi: 1) Funaben T (0.1%) and Apron 35 SD (0.02%) were added to -1.25 MPa PEG solution (PEG+F); 2) After seed priming and drying,Funaben T was mixed at 5 g kg-1 and Apron 35 SD at 1 g kg-1 of seeds (PEG then F dust). PEG, PEG+F and PEG then F dust treatments reduced significantly thermodormancy and increased the seed germination at 35℃ in both lots. PEG then F dust treatment had the best effect on reducing seed thermodormancy at 35℃, and increased seed germination to 64.5% in lot 1 and 72.0% in lot 2 compared to 0 in untreated. PEG and PEG then F dust treatments have accelerated germination speed at 20 and 15℃ in both lots. There was a significant reduction in seed infestation in which the seeds were treated with PEG+F and PEG then F dust compared to untreated seeds and PEG primed seeds. PEG priming enhanced seed infestation considerably by Alternaria alternata, Penicillium spp., Rhizopus spp. and Ulocladium spp. Mycological analysis showed higher frequency of Alternaria alternata and Ulocladium spp. in untreated seeds at 20℃. Priming in combination with fungicides significantly alleviated the infestation of fungi, especially Alternaria alternata infestation.