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排序方式: 共有222条查询结果,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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[目的] 了解山地校园不同下垫面雨水径流重金属污染特征及雨水径流中重金属元素对于人体的健康风险,为山地海绵城市建设提供径流污染控制参考和人员健康保护基础数据。[方法] 2019年7月22日在重庆交通大学针对屋顶、道路、停车场和广场4种典型的下垫面进行了雨水径流的取样监测,并统计分析场次降雨平均浓度(EMC)、电导率(EC)、钠吸附率(SAR)、危险商(HQ)和危险指数(HI)。[结果] 广场径流过程中重金属元素整体变化波动较大,道路雨水径流的重金属健康风险最大而屋顶健康风险最小;大多重金属污染物在产流后的10 min内出现了降幅,其中Fe和Mn的降幅较大,Zn的降幅中等,Cu的降幅最低;As和Cr是雨水径流中健康风险最高的重金属污染物。[结论] 山地校园重金属污染物冲刷速度较快,人流大的下垫面雨水径流中重金属元素变化波动较大,但健康风险较低;车流大的下垫面雨水径流中重金属元素波动较为稳定,但健康风险较高。 相似文献
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James J. Bell 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2007,17(2):133-145
- 1. Sponges are an important component of coral reef ecosystems, but even though they are widespread with the ability to significantly influence other benthic community members they rarely feature to any great extent in current monitoring or biodiversity assessment programmes conducted by volunteer and professional groups. This exclusion is usually because of the taxonomic problems associated with sponge identification.
- 2. A potential alternative to monitoring temporal or spatial change in sponge assemblages and assessing biodiversity levels is to characterize sponges using morphologies present rather than collecting species data. Quantifying sponge biodiversity (for monitoring and biodiversity assessments) at the morphological level is less time and resource consuming than collecting species data and more suited to groups with little training and experience of sponge taxonomy or in regions where detailed taxonomic information on sponges is sparse.
- 3. This paper considers whether the same differences and similarities in sponge richness and assemblage composition can be identified using species and morphological data in response to environmental gradients at two coral reef ecosystems in south‐east Sulawesi, Indonesia, and whether volunteers can be used to reliably collect morphological information. Sponge morphologies were classified into 14 groups and different morphological assemblages were found by the author at the two sites and between depth intervals. Comparisons of sponge species and morphological composition data showed that common patterns in assemblage structuring and richness could be identified irrespective of whether morphological or species data were used. In addition, a positive linear relationship was found between sponge species and morphological richness.
- 4. The morphological data recorded by volunteer divers (n=10) were compared with that collected by the author. Although volunteers recorded fewer sponges than the author (approximately 15% less), missing mainly small encrusting specimens, similar assemblage structure could be identified from both the volunteers' and the author's data.
- 5. The results showed that the same differences in sponge assemblages between sites and depths could be identified from both species and morphological data. In addition, these morphological data could be reliably collected by volunteer divers.
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Hiyoung Kim Kwang-Jin Kim Jeong-Tae Yeon Seong Hwan Kim Dong Hwan Won Hyukjae Choi Sang-Jip Nam Young-Jin Son Heonjoong Kang 《Marine drugs》2014,12(4):2054-2065
A new inhibitor, placotylene A (1), of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation, and a regioisomer of placotylene A, placotylene B (2), were isolated from a Korean marine sponge Placospongia sp. The chemical structures of placotylenes A and B were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, along with MS spectral analysis and revealed as an iodinated polyacetylene class of natural products. Placotylene A (1) displayed inhibitory activity against RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation at 10 μM while placotylene B (2) did not show any significant activity up to 100 μM, respectively. 相似文献
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Steve Peigneur Ale? ?ula Nace Zidar Fiona Chan-Porter Robert Kirby David Madge Janez Ila? Danijel Kikelj Jan Tytgat 《Marine drugs》2014,12(4):2132-2143
Clathrodin is a marine alkaloid and believed to be a modulator of voltage-gated sodium (NaV ) channels. Since there is an urgent need for small molecule NaV channel ligands as novel therapeutics, clathrodin could represent an interesting lead compound. Therefore, clathrodin was reinvestigated for its potency and NaV channel subtype selectivity. Clathrodin and its synthetic analogues were subjected to screening on a broad range of NaV channel isoforms, both in voltage clamp and patch clamp conditions. Even though clathrodin was not found to exert any activity, some analogues were capable of modulating the NaV channels, hereby validating the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole alkaloid structure as a core structure for future small molecule-based NaV channel modulators. 相似文献
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Fan Yang Yike Zou Ru-Ping Wang Mark T. Hamann Hong-Jun Zhang Wei-Hua Jiao Bing-Nan Han Shao-Jiang Song Hou-Wen Lin 《Marine drugs》2014,12(8):4399-4416
Five new norditerpene endoperoxides, named diacarperoxides H–L (1–5), and a new norditerpene diol, called diacardiol B (6), were isolated from the South China Sea sponge, Diacarnus megaspinorhabdosa. Their structures, including conformations and absolute configurations, were determined by using spectroscopic analyses, computational approaches and chemical degradation. Diacarperoxides H–J (1–3) showed some interesting stereochemical issues, as well as antimalarial activity. 相似文献
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Mizuho Sakai Sei-Ichi Okumura Kanami Onuma Hiroaki Senbokuya Kunio Yamamori 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(1):77-80
The telomere sequence type (TTAGGG)n is known to be distributed in various phyla in the Animalia and in Mastigophora (Protista). However, the telomere type of
Porifera (sponges), a phylum comprising the lowest multicellular animals, has not been reported. In this study, we examined
the three sponge species Leucetta chagosensis, Halichondria japonica, and Halichondria panicea for the presence of the telomere type (TTAGGG)n by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The oligonucleotide probe (TTAGGG)7 clearly displayed signals on the interphase nuclei of all three sponges. In contrast, the (TTAGG)7 probe, which has one base fewer than (TTAGGG)7, did not display the signals. These results suggest that the telomeres of the three sponges consist of (TTAGGG)n, which is identical to the sequence type found in many higher multicellular animals and in Mastigophora. Additionally, this
is the first study to reveal a telomere sequence type for Porifera. Moreover, these results suggest that Porifera are phylogenetically
related to Mastigophora, and supports the general theory that Porifera evolved from Mastigophora. Further, this study strongly
suggests that the origin of the (TTAGGG)n telomere sequence is to be found in a common ancestor of either the Bilateria and Porifera, or the Protista. 相似文献
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冻干物料孔隙特性表征的分形模型与分形维数 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
为了定量表征冷冻干燥物料孔隙结构和形貌特性,采用两种多孔介质分形模型,通过压汞法研究冻干牛肉和冻干腊牛肉孔隙结构的分形特性。研究表明:对于孔隙特征尺度为1~100 μm的冻干牛肉和腊牛肉,采用Menger海绵模型表征孔隙结构时,尽管表观上表现出无标度区分段线性的特性,却无法确定合理的分形维数用于表征物料的孔隙分形结构;而采用热力学关系模型分析物料孔隙结构时,物料孔隙呈现显著的分形特性,并可给出合理的分形维数,该方法可用于定量表征冻干物料的孔隙分形结构特性。 相似文献