高油酸花生品种开农1760产量及其构成的可视化分析

分析高油酸小粒花生品种开农1760的产量及其与农艺性状的关系,为高产优质育种提供有效指导.本研究以开农1760参加的2014-2015年河南省小粒花生区试数据为基础,运用GGE(genotype+genotype-by-environ-ment interaction)双标图评价其丰产性和稳产性,利用R语言进行可视化的...     

Tomato fruit quality as influenced by the interactions between agricultural techniques and harvesting period

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum Mill) is an important crop in terms of its economic and nutritional value. Many factors, including cultivar, climate, geography, geochemistry, and agricultural practice, can affect its nutrient concentrations. An HJ‐biplot study was performed to examine the effects of cultivar (Dorothy, Boludo, Dominique, Thomas, and Dunkan), agricultural practices, climatic factors, and their interactions. Significant differences were analyzed using a one‐way ANOVA. All samples were collected and assayed at the same degree of ripeness. In the conventional and organic tomato samples, those harvested from December to April had the highest concentrations of fructose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid, ascorbic acid, protein, Na, and Mg, while those harvested in October had the highest concentrations of lycopene and hydroxycinnamic acid. There were high concentrations of Ca, P, Zn, and Cu in the no‐soil tomatoes. Conventional and organic cultivation practices showed similar results with respect to the collection period, both presenting high organic compound concentrations, while high mineral concentrations seemed to correspond to the no‐soil practice. No clear pattern was observed among the different cultivars, perhaps due to all the samples having been collected at the same degree of ripeness.     

长江流域国家棉花区域试验审定品种的主要特征特性演变分析(英文)

[目的]采用GGE双标图方法分析历年长江流域棉花区域试验中通过国审的棉花品种的特征特性,探索棉花品种类型和特征的演化趋势。[方法]依据国家棉花品种审定标准对品种进行分类和综合评价指数构建。采用GGE双标图分析1981~2012年期间长江流域53个国审棉花品种主要目标性状的相关性。根据区域试验历年采用的对照品种,将区域试验数据分为5个时期,分析各时期内审定品种类型的比例和总体评价指数的变化动态。[结果]棉花育种目标性状间存在着复杂的相关关系,有必要采用评价指数方法对品种进行综合评价。品种类型的变化动态研究表明,Ⅱ型品种开始于泗棉3号时期,其后呈下降趋势;Ⅲ型品种在各个时期均有一定比例,总体呈上升趋势;Ⅳ型品种为1993年前审定品种的主要类型,在泗棉3号时期以后占比例较小,且呈下降趋势。评价指数的动态变化表明,2003年前品种都在目前合格线以下;2004~2008年期间审定品种总体评分较高;2009年后审定品种的总体评分仅略高于合格线。[结论]长江流域的棉花育种和品种审定中应更注重对马克隆值的改良和评价,以引导棉花丰产性和纤维品质的协调发展。     

Biplot analysis of trait relations of white lupin in Spain

A 2-year study of autumn-sown white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) was conducted under rainfed Mediterranean conditions in southern Spain. 108 landraces were evaluated for yield and major phonological and plant structural characteristics. Path coefficient and Genotype-Trait (GT) biplot analysis were used. Applying both types of analyses to the multiple trait data revealed that GT biplot graphically displayed the interrelationships among traits and facilitated visual comparison of accessions and selection. Wide variation was observed for trait phenology (dates of flowering and maturity), plant structure (plant and first order inflorescence height) and yield characters (first order branches, first order inflorescence and total yield). It was found that the accessions with the highest yields were the tallest and the latest to flower, both on the mainstem and on the lowest first order branch, and also were the latest to mature. GT biplots also had suggested as the accessions have been displayed according to their origins. The results showed that foreign germplasm may be an important material for improving some yield components such as number of pods and seeds per plant of locally adapted lupins in Spain. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The Effectiveness of HA-GGE Biplot Application in Analyzing the Data from the National Cotton Cultivar Regional Trial in the Yangtze River Valley

A large number of regional crop trials have demonstrated the ubiquitous existence of genotype × environment interactions (G×E), which make it complicated to select superior cultivars and identify the ideal testing sites. The GGE (genotype main effect plus genotype × environment interaction) biplot is the most powerful statistical and graphical displaying tool available for regional crop trial dataset analysis. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of the biplot in evaluating the high and stable yields of candidate cultivars simultaneously, and in delineating the most adaptive planting region, analyzing trial location discrimination ability and representativeness, and identifying the ideal cultivar and trial locations. The lint cotton yield dataset with nine experimental genotypes and 17 test locations (three replicates in each) was collected from the national cotton regional trial in the Yangtze River Valley (YaRV) in 2012. The results showed that: (1) the effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype × environment interaction (G×E) were significant (P < 0.01) for lint cotton yield. Differences among environments accounted for 78.7% of the treatment total variation in the sum of squares, whereas the genotype main effect accounted for 8.7%, and the genotype × environment interaction accounted for 12.6%. (2) The “ideal cultivar” and “ideal location” view of the HA-GGE biplot identified Zhongcj408 (G2) and Nannon12 (G9) as the best ideal genotypes; Cixi in Zhejiang Province and Jiangling in Hubei Province were the most ideal locations.(3) The “which-won-where” view of the biplot outlined the adaptive planting region for each experimental cultivar. (4) The “similarity among locations” view clustered the trial locations into four groups, among of which the two outlier locations, Shehong (SH) and Chengdu (QBJ), located in Shichuan Basin in the upper reaches of YaRV, were clustered in one group, whereas the Nanyang (NY) of Henan Province at the northern edge of YaRV was singled out as a sole group. Such location clustering results implied an apparent association with the geographical environment.     

Parental Selection in Rice Cultivar Improvement

The evaluation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars assists breeders in identifying useful trait relationships and in selecting parents as donors of specific traits. This study was conducted to compare long-grain rice cultivars using genotype × trait (GT) biplot analysis and determine potential donors of traits related to grain yield and quality. Seventeen cultivars in the 2005 and 2006 Uniform Regional Rice Nursery in Beaumont, Texas, USA were analyzed for 20 traits using GT biplot analysis. The GT biplots showed the diversity among cultivars with regards to yield-related traits. Cultivars recommended as donor parents were: Trenasse, Spring, Presidio, and Cocodrie for high grain yield and head rice rate; Trenasse and Presidio for semi-dwarfness; Banks for tall plant height; Wells for high flag leaf area, panicle weight, and number and mass of filled grains per panicle; Hidalgo for high tiller density; Francis for high number of spikelets per panicle; Spring and Trenasse for short flowering duration; Cheniere for more days to heading and maturity and Spring for less days; and Spring and Hidalgo for high grain weight. Breeders can use these cultivars with specific traits to increase grain yield and quality.     

基于BLUP和GGE双标图的华北落叶松家系区域试验分析

【目的】为综合评价华北落叶松参试家系的速生丰产性、稳定性及各试验地点的区分力和代表性,利用基因型主效加基因型-环境互作效应(GGE)双标图对2017年度华北落叶松区域试验中参试家系的生长数据进行分析。【方法】基于冀北地区4个试验地点26个华北落叶松家系的胸径数据,首先拟合3个线性混合效应模型,各个模型均具有相同的固定效应(“地点”和“地点中的区组”)和残差方差结构(行、列自回归AR1×AR1,以进行空间分析),其中,模型1为随机效应中包含2个公因子的因子分析模型(FA模型),模型2、3分别为随机效应里不含测量误差以及包含测量误差的非结构化矩阵模型(US模型);基于AIC信息准则选出一个最优模型,之后利用最佳线性无偏预测(BLUP)法得到各家系在各地点的胸径BLUP数据;基于胸径BLUP数据做GGE双标图分析,对华北落叶松家系和试验地点进行评价。【结果】基于AIC信息准则,模型3(空间变异结合包含测量误差的非结构化矩阵模型(US模型))被选为最优模型;基于胸径BLUP数据的GGE双标图的前2个主成分的方差解释百分比之和为92.4%,表明结果可靠;4个试验地点被分成2组,地点L1(张家口赤城马营沟)、地点L3(张家口沽源柳条沟)和地点L4(承德围场查字)为一组(以111号家系的胸径最大),地点L2(承德围场御道口)为一组(以78号家系的胸径最大),相对而言,地点L3(张家口沽源柳条沟)能更有效地选择速生丰产且稳定的家系;各家系在不同试验地点上的表现有所不同,总体而言,26个华北落叶松家系中,111号的胸径(产量)最大,接着是78、72、82、76、59、100、77、56、86、96等系号,胸径(产量)最小的是1号,97、116、53、35、46、66和49号等家系的胸径(产量)也较低,68和42号家系的胸径(产量)接近总体均值;96、86、100和76号是速生丰产且稳定的家系,速生丰产家系111、72、56号的稳定性居中,速生丰产家系78、82和77号的稳定性中等偏下,而速生丰产家系59号则不稳定。【结论】模型3(空间变异结合包含测量误差的非结构化矩阵模型(US模型))较另外2个模型而言,结果更为可靠。地点L3(张家口沽源柳条沟)既具高区分力,又具高代表性,能更有效地评价家系。家系96、86、100和76号兼具速生性、丰产性和稳定性,可被广泛推广。基于BLUP的GGE双标图能有效应用于华北落叶松家系及试验地点的评价,本研究可为冀北地区华北落叶松的家系选择和应用提供决策支持。     

基于BLUP和GGE双标图的林木多地点试验分析

【目的】建立基于无偏预测值(BLUP)与基因型主效加基因型-环境互作效应(GGE)双标图的分析模型,以提高林木多点试验数据分析的准确性。【方法】以火炬松36个基因型在6个试验地(S1~S6)的种子产量为基础数据,利用ASReml软件对实测数据进行空间变异结合因子分析法的模型拟合,以获取各地点下每个基因型的BLUP值;从试验地划分、试验地评估和林木基因型评估3个方面,对原始数据、BLUP数据进行GGE双标图分析与比较。【结果】BLUP数据具有明显的空间变异,比原始数据具有更高的产量变异解释能力;原始数据和BLUP数据的试验地分组结果一致,均分为2组,但BLUP数据的试验地点间的相关关系变弱;原始数据的理想试验地为地点S5,而BLUP数据为地点S1;原始数据和BLUP数据的最理想基因型均为21,但2种数据高产和稳产基因型的一致性比较低。【结论】基于BLUP与GGE双标图相结合的模型,可用于林木多点试验分析,其比原始数据的GGE双标图分析结果更为可靠。     

Genotype x environment interactions and optimum resource allocation for sugarcane yield trials in Swaziland

To account for genotype x environment (G x E) interactions, sugarcane varieties are tested in multi-environment trials (METs) across multiple crop-years and seasons (early vs. late) under fully irrigated conditions in Swaziland. This study aimed to quantify the main sources of variation relevant to the MET network, identify mega-environments, evaluate adaptability of imported sugarcane varieties, and optimize resource use within the testing network. Nine varieties (eight imported Mauritian and one South African variety) were tested at two sites (Mhlume – M and Simunye – S), harvested early (E) and late (L) in the season across five crop-years in replicated (8) Latin square designs. A linear mixed model analysis of cane yield (tons of cane per ha; TCH), sucrose content (SUC%), sucrose yield (tons of sugar per ha; TSH), and fiber content (FIB%) showed that variety x season interactions were highly significant (P < 0.001) and larger than variety x site interactions for most traits. Genotype + genotype x environment (GGE) biplots revealed clustering of environments into two mega-environments by season rather than by site. Two Mauritian varieties were superior in each of the early and late mega-environments. Broad-sense heritability (H²) for all traits was larger than 0.79, with the highest value observed for FIB% (0.89). Resource optimization analysis, using variance components, suggested that future testing be conducted at a single site, across two seasons, with replicate numbers >5, and harvested across approximately five crop-years. Strong variety x season interactions should be exploited more aggressively in irrigated sugarcane selection programs.     

应用AMMI和HA-GGE双标图分析甘蔗品种产量 稳定性和试点代表性

对甘蔗区域试验数据进行基因型与环境互作分析,有利于全面了解参试品种的丰产性和各试点的代表性,对优良新品种的推广和品种的区域分布也有着重要意义。本文综合利用AMMI模型和HA-GGE双标图对2014年国家甘蔗第10轮区域试验11个品种和13个试点的蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量数据进行产量稳定性和丰产性分析,评价试点的代表性和分辨力。结果表明:蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量在不同品种和试点间存在极显著差异,品种和试点存在极显著互作效应。‘福农40号’综合表现最佳,是产量高、丰产性好且蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量的稳定性均较强的品种;‘云蔗08-2060’的产量略低于‘福农40号’,但蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量的稳定性强于‘福农40号’;与对照品种‘ROC22’相比,‘粤甘43号’、‘粤甘46号’和‘闽糖02-205’的蔗茎产量和蔗糖产量较高,稳定性中等,‘福农40号’、‘粤甘43号’、‘粤甘46号’和‘云蔗08-2060’均具有较强的适应性,可在适宜蔗区推广应用。综合AMMI和HA-GGE双标图分析结果表明,广东遂溪、云南开远和福建福州具有较高的地点分辨力和试点代表性。因此,AMMI和HA-GGE双标图的综合运用,可更准确直观地评价出各品种的丰产性、稳定性和适应性以及各试点的分辨力和代表性。本研究可为甘蔗新品种的鉴定与推广提供有价值的理论参考。