青海省门源县畜间包虫病的流行病学调查

通过对青海省门源县所辖地区畜间包虫病(棘球蚴病)流行情况进行调查,为畜间包虫病的净化和综合防治提供依据。2016年1—12月,对青海省门源地区犬、牛、羊棘球蚴感染情况进行采样、实验室检测等方式进行调查,采用随机抽样的方法,对门源地区犬棘球绦虫,牛、羊棘球蚴感染情况进行剖检和实验室检测。结果显示:共剖检7条犬,细粒棘球绦虫感染率为42.86%,棘球绦虫数量在0.08万~28.8万条,发现为泡状带绦虫感染;检测犬粪抗原样品270份,阳性数为58份,阳性率为21.48%;该次调查共抽查剖检羊脏器150份,检出阳性110份,棘球蚴感染率为73.33%;抽查剖检牛脏器100份,检出阳性30份,感染率为30.00%。不同地区的犬、牛、羊均有感染,涉及全县浅、川、脑不同地区。建议加强犬只管理,加大对畜间包虫病的防控知识宣传教育和专业技术培训,积极开展犬的驱虫工作,加强牛羊屠宰管理,充分发挥动物防疫部门的作用,以期为今后畜间包虫病的防控工作提供参考。     

宁夏2015年畜间包虫病流行病学调查

[目的]掌握宁夏部分地区畜间包虫病（棘球蚴病）流行情况,为包虫病的净化和综合防治提供依据。[方法] 2015年6—12月,对宁夏地区家畜和野生动物棘球蚴感染情况、农牧民对包虫病的知晓情况,采取问卷调查、实验室检测、实地走访座谈等方式进行调查。[结果]本次调查共抽查羊脏器2 092份,棘球蚴感染阳性率为3.35%;牛脏器1 749份,阳性率为0;检测羊血清样品2 080份,棘球蚴感染抗体阳性率为40.39%;检测犬粪样品4 620份,棘球绦虫感染阳性率为4.05%。调查3个县（区）的高原鼠兔、黄鼠等300只,均未发现有棘球蚴感染。调查还发现,农牧民对包虫病的知晓率参差不齐。[结论]针对宁夏地区畜间包虫病防治中存在的问题,建议加强犬只管理,积极开展犬的驱虫工作;加强牛羊屠宰管理;对新生母羔羊采用基因工程疫苗进行免疫;加强对农牧民的健康教育;加大政府的防治投入。     

青海省祁连县畜间包虫病流行病学调查报告

为掌握祁连县防治前后牛羊棘球蚴及家养犬棘球绦虫感染情况与人间包虫病感染情况,为更好地防治包虫病提供依据。采用随机抽查宰杀牛羊的肝脏、肺脏等内脏器官中棘球蚴包囊或囊肿,ELISA方法检测犬粪棘球绦虫抗原,剖检法检查家养犬棘球绦虫成虫,走访调查和采用B超及血清学诊断法进行人包虫病感染情况调查。结果为:牛棘球蚴感染率分别为5.7%、4.0%和3.27%;羊棘球蚴感染率分别为7.75%、5.36%和3.75%,均呈逐年下降趋势。未驱虫犬粪便抗原阳性率34.7%。驱虫后犬粪便抗原阳性率分别为28.9%和阳性率3.33%。剖检未驱虫犬感染率83.3%,驱虫后犬感染率0.0%。调查成年人3 0622人,检出包虫病阳性20人,调查儿童3507人,检出包虫病阳性29人。结果表明祁连县畜间包虫病呈一定的流行性,防治工作具有成效。     

甘州区畜间包虫病流行情况调查分析

为了掌握甘州区畜间包虫病的流行情况,选择了有代表性的3个乡镇,采集羊血清和犬粪便进行实验室检测,同时在牛羊定点屠宰厂对宰后羊的脏器进行检测,结果表明犬细粒棘球绦虫的感染率为1.11%;羊包虫病自然感染率为4.44%;羊脏器棘球蚴感染率为8.9%,甘州区畜间包虫病处于低流行态势。     

新疆乌什县家畜棘球蚴病感染情况调查

为了掌握乌什县家畜包虫病感染情况,2014年牛、羊、犬包虫病感染情况调查。在屠宰场直接检查牛羊肝脏和肺脏的棘球蚴,进行计数、登记。犬采用槟榔碱下泻法采样后,实验室利用抗原抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附实验方法和粪便检查法检测细粒棘球绦虫带虫率。经过调查玛纳斯县的包虫病平均感染率为绵羊42.8%,牛4.33%,犬14.89%。     

青海省互助县畜间包虫病流行病学调查分析

为了解互助县畜间包虫病流行范围与防治效果,科学指导下一阶段包虫病防治工作,本研究于2021-2022年对互助县南门峡、威远、林川等牛羊养殖量较大的乡镇开展了畜间包虫病流行病学调查。终末宿主犬采取剖检法,犬粪采用包虫抗原ELISA法检测,牛羊采取屠宰后观察脏器包囊判定,分别统计犬和牛羊包虫感染率。另外,为掌握狼、狐狸等野生动物感染情况,采集其粪便进行了粪抗原检测。结果显示,共检测犬粪样品1 860份,阳性率为0.97%,剖检犬20条,阳性率为0;检查牛脏器1 178份,阳性率为6.45%,其中自繁自育牛613份,阳性率为3.59%,贩运育肥牛565份,阳性率为9.56%;检查羊脏器2 055份,阳性率为8.71%,其中自繁自育羊1 115份,阳性率为5.92%,贩运育肥羊940份,阳性率为12.02%;检测野生动物粪便28份,阳性率为14.3%。本调查为全县包虫病综合防治和净化提供了依据。     

祁连县牛羊棘球蚴及人间包虫病感染情况初步调查

通过对祁连县7个乡镇牛羊棘球蚴病、人间包虫病、牧犬存栏等情况调查,初步了解了本病流行的基本情况,共检查牛300头,检出棘球蚴感染牛17头,感染率5.67%,范围1~5个;共检查羊358只,检出感染羊63只,感染率17.59%,范围3~78个。     

海东市平安区包虫(棘球蚴)病基线调查报告

在对犬、牛、羊进行养殖情况调查的基础上,我们采用随机抽样的方法,对我区犬棘球绦虫、牛羊棘球蚴感染情况进行剖检检查。结果显示:我区犬、牛、羊养殖数量分别为1.29万条、1.48万头、10.34万只;共剖检6条犬,细粒棘球绦虫感染率为66.7%,棘球绦虫数量在2000~15000条之间,没有发现其他绦虫感染;共剖检150只羊,棘球蚴感染率51.1%,平均感染强度为2.07;剖检牛100只,感染率为58%,平均感染强度为1.3。综上所述,我区包虫病在畜间感染较为严重,应深入加强防控工作。     

2014-2017年新疆喀什地区绵羊包虫病流行病学调查

为掌握新疆喀什地区绵羊包虫病流行情况,为包虫病净化和综合防治提供依据,2014—2017年,采用屠宰场抽查和血清检测方法,对喀什地区绵羊棘球蚴感染情况、农牧民对包虫病的知晓情况进行调查。本次调查共抽查屠宰羊群的肝脏和肺脏各9 000份,发现棘球蚴感染1 120份,平均感染率为12.44%(1 120/9 000);肝脏感染956份,感染率为10.62%(956/9 000);肺脏感染164份,感染率为1.82%(164/9 000);塔什库尔干塔吉克自治县、叶城县、莎车县、疏附县、巴楚县和麦盖提县感染率显著高于其他县/市(P<0.05)。2014—2017年,共检测羊血清样品6 287份,发现包虫病抗体阳性率分别为23.33%、17.92%、18.42%和9.87%,2017年出现显著下降趋势(P<0.05)。当地居民和养殖户的包虫病防治知识知晓率均在30%以下。调查表明,喀什地区绵羊包虫病感染形势仍然很严峻,但流行状况正在逐步好转;该地养殖户和牧区居民对包虫病认知率偏低,包虫病防范意识不强。调查结果提示,政府需要继续加大包虫病防治投入,加强宣传教育,普及包虫病防治知识,加强犬只管理和驱虫,全面推行定点牛羊屠宰,有效控制包虫病流行,保障当地居民的身体健康和畜牧业发展。     

新疆库车县家畜棘球蚴病感染情况调查

为了掌握库车县家畜包虫病感染情况,2015年牛、羊、犬包虫病感染情况调查.在屠宰场直接检查牛羊肝脏和肺脏的棘球蚴,进行计数、登记.犬采用槟榔碱下泻法采样后,实验室利用抗原抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附实验方法和粪便检查法检测细粒棘球绦虫带虫率.经过调查库车县的包虫病平均感染率为绵羊12%,牛4.3%,犬38%.     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).