不同培养基对小鼠黄体细胞体外培养效果的影响

对未性成熟的雌性小鼠注射孕马血清促性腺激素和人绒毛膜促性腺激素,在适当的时间摘取小鼠卵巢进行卵巢黄体细胞的体外培养,培养用液为含10%血清的DMEM和含10%血清的RPMI 1640。结果发现,用前者培养的细胞在形态、规则程度和数量上都优于后者,为小鼠黄体细胞体外培养液的选择和进一步研究提供了参考。     

猪卵巢颗粒细胞的体外培养

颗粒细胞是猪卵泡的重要组成,其生长及形态功能变化伴随着卵泡的整个发育过程,同时也是研究细胞增殖、分化、信号转导等重要的细胞模型。本试验旨在筛选和摸索原代培养颗粒细胞的理想培养基及培养过程,分别使用DMEM高糖、DMEM/F12、M199、1640完全培养基(86%培养基+12%胎牛血清+1%双抗+1%庆大霉素两性霉素混合液)接种猪卵巢颗粒细胞,置于37℃、体积分数5%的CO2、饱和湿度的细胞培养箱中进行培养,每12 h观察细胞生长状态及形态特征,建立体外培养体系。结果显示,DMEM高糖培养基中,细胞增殖速度快,细胞状态好,细胞形态清晰,培养效果最佳,同时,经FSHR免疫荧光鉴定,分离的细胞为猪卵巢颗粒细胞,且纯度大于98%,说明DMEM高糖培养基在建立体外原代细胞培养体系中效果明显。     

两种不同培养基对巨噬细胞培养的影响

以无血清RPMI-1640培养液和DMEM培养液分别灌洗小鼠腹腔，10min后分别吸出灌洗液于100mL／L胎牛血清和DMEM培养液中培养．巨噬细胞吞噬试验检测其活性、台盼蓝测定体外培养细胞的存活率和成层率。结果表明．DMEM培养基体外培养的巨噬细胞存活率和成层率高、吞噬能力强，与RP—MI-1640相比，DMEM可作为一种简单而实用的体外分离培养巨噬细胞的培养基。     

梅花鹿卵巢颗粒细胞的体外培养与鉴定

卵巢颗粒细胞在卵母细胞生长和卵泡发育过程中起着重要作用,为卵母细胞提供营养,分泌孕酮和雌二醇,与膜细胞一起调控卵泡的增殖和分化。卵巢颗粒细胞也具有干细胞特性,可以作为核移植的替代物,用卵泡刺激素受体(FSHR)抗体能很快地鉴定颗粒细胞。本研究通过对梅花鹿卵巢颗粒细胞进行体外培养,旨在探索梅花鹿颗粒细胞长期体外培养的条件,描述颗粒细胞的形态和表型特征,为进一步研究颗粒细胞的功能奠定基础。试验结果表明,梅花鹿卵巢颗粒细胞呈多角形或梭形,并伸出伪足,呈放射状生长,FSHR抗体鉴定结果为颗粒细胞纯度>90%。用含15%胎牛血清和1%双抗的DMEM/F12培养液培养,可获得生长活性好、细胞纯度高的梅花鹿卵巢颗粒细胞,HE染色和FSHR免疫荧光染色可以简便快速地鉴定梅花鹿卵巢颗粒细胞。     

不同培养液对体外培养的小鼠胸腺上皮细胞增殖的影响

分离纯化小鼠胸腺上皮细胞（mTEC）,以DMEM、DMEM/F12、RPMI 1640 3种基础培养液加10%胎牛血清完全培养液进行培养, MTT法和流式细胞术分别检测mTEC的增殖及细胞周期,筛选出最适合mTEC生长的培养液。结果表明,DMEM培养的mTEC增殖快,细胞增殖指数明显高于DMEM/F12、RPMI 1640培养液,表明DMEM是mTEC体外培养的最佳培养液。     

两种鼠血清与两种培养基对PK15细胞培养的比较

为比较研究DMEM培养基和RPMI-1640培养基对PK15细胞的培养效果,选择效果好的作为基础培养基,用大鼠血清和小鼠血清分别以不同量添加进行培养,用细胞显微病变(CPE)观察法和四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)测定法测定其对细胞生长的影响,为血药试验选择试验动物提供依据。结果表明:DMEM培养基较RPMI-1640培养基对PK15细胞的培养效果好,加5%大鼠血清或2.5%小鼠血清配制DMEM培养基的培养,对PK15细胞的培养生长无副作用,即两种血清的无毒安全浓度分别为5%和2.5%。     

水牛卵巢颗粒细胞的分离培养及凋亡测定

研究主要是通过比较水牛卵巢颗粒细胞在不同培养基中的生长状态,并对细胞的增殖、核型及凋亡情况进行检测,以了解水牛卵巢颗粒细胞体外生长特性,建立水牛卵巢颗粒细胞的体外培养体系。结果发现,分离获得的水牛卵巢颗粒细胞存活率约为60%;采用DMEM培养基,颗粒细胞的生长速度和生长状态优于TCM-199和DMEM/F12培养基;细胞培养24 h后开始零星增殖,3~5 d增殖速度达到高峰;第1、3、5、7代颗粒细胞正常核型比率差异不显著,均在85%以上;第1代颗粒细胞的凋亡率与第5代差异显著(P<0.05),与第7代差异极显著(P<0.01)。结果表明,DMEM培养基更适宜用于水牛颗粒细胞的体外培养;水牛颗粒细胞能稳定地进行传代培养,染色体的数目不会发生明显改变,但细胞凋亡率会随着培养代数的增加而明显升高。     

从小鼠类ES细胞分化群中分离培养一类衍生细胞及其培养特性

将小鼠囊胚在饲养层、无类LIF因子的培养基中培养出类ES细胞团,将该类ES细胞团传至第三代,暂停传代,继续培养,则4～5 d后该细胞团会向周围分化出一种圆而发亮的衍生细胞,该衍生细胞会不断地向周围生长,约20 d后该衍生细胞铺满培养皿底.将该衍生细胞传至铺有饲养层的培养瓶中继续传代至第七代,再将其传代至无饲养层的培养瓶中,约12 d后,其在无饲养层的培养瓶中长满瓶底.以后随着传代数的增加,该细胞长满瓶底所需时间越来越短,最后稳定在2～3 d.对传代至第30代的细胞进行生长曲线测定,并以不同的基础培养基、不同的血清浓度、不同的胰岛素浓度等条件培养该细胞,结果发现：该衍生细胞分别在DMEM高糖、DMEM低糖、DMEM-F12、PRMI1640等为基础的培养基中都能生长,但以DMEM-F12为最优.在血清浓度分别为10%、14%、18%的DMEM高糖培养基中培养显示：该细胞在高浓度血清的培养基中具有生长更好的趋势.在胰岛素浓度分别为0、0.25、0.5、1 μg/ml的DMEM高糖培养基中培养显示：该细胞在无胰岛素的培养基中无法正常生长,在0.5 μg/ml胰岛素浓度的培养基中生长最佳.     

青海牦牛卵巢颗粒细胞体外培养及kisspeptin-10对其孕酮分泌的影响和机制研究

体外培养牦牛卵巢颗粒细胞,并研究Kisspeptin-10对其孕酮分泌的作用和可能机制。于屠宰场选取适宜卵巢后在4h内运回实验室,抽吸法提取细胞,并通过卵泡刺激素受体(FSHR)抗体验证培养的颗粒细胞纯度,HE染色观察细胞形态,CCK测细胞生长曲线;不同浓度的Kisspeptin-10、Verapamil单独或共同处理细胞24 h后,分别收集细胞和上清,通过流式细胞仪检测细胞内Ca~(2+)浓度,ELLSA测上清内孕酮含量。结果显示,FSHR阳性率>97%,验证了细胞为卵巢颗粒细胞;使用含10%胎牛血清和1%双抗的DMEM/F12培养液培养,可获得生长良好的牦牛卵巢颗粒细胞。颗粒细胞呈多角形或梭形,并伸出伪足,呈放射状生长。培养24 h后,颗粒细胞进入对数生长期,于72 h后进入平台期;Kisspeptin-10处理可显著增加颗粒细胞的活力,100 nmol·L~(-1)时可显著促进孕酮的分泌;钙离子阻断剂Verapamil会降低孕酮的分泌,于20、50 nmol·L~(-1)时,达显著降低水平(P<0.05);100 nmol·L~(-1) Kisspeptin-10与不同浓度的Verapamil共同处理时,孕酮含量有所提升,但不能逆转其对孕酮分泌的抑制作用(P>0.05);流式细胞仪检测胞内Ca~(2+)浓度,其结果与检测的颗粒细胞孕酮分泌水平相一致。综上,Kisspeptin-10能促进体外培养的牦牛卵巢颗粒细胞孕酮分泌,其机制可能与胞内Ca~(2+)浓度相关。     

神经生长因子对小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖的影响

本研究旨在探索神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)对小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖的影响。试验建立了小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞的原代培养体系,并通过免疫荧光技术对颗粒细胞进行鉴定和检测NGF及其受体在卵巢颗粒细胞上的表达,采用MTS法检测不同浓度的NGF对昆明小鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖的影响。卵巢颗粒细胞在10、50、100、500 ng/mL NGF作用24 h,用酶标仪测定细胞D_{490 nm}值,试验组与对照组相比均有促进增殖的影响（P<0.05）,50 ng/mL NGF试验组与对照组相比差异极显著（P<0.01）。结果表明,NGF在昆明小鼠的卵巢颗粒细胞中有表达,在一定浓度范围NGF可以促进卵巢颗粒细胞的增殖。     

Effects of FSH and LH on Steroid Production by Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) Granulosa Cells Cultured In Vitro Under Serum‐Free Conditions

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of FSH and LH on oestradiol‐17β and progesterone production by buffalo granulosa cells cultured under serum‐free conditions. Granulosa cells (3 × 10⁵) from small (≤5 mm diameter) follicles were cultured for up to 4 days in 48‐well plates coated with 3.3 μg/cm² fibronectin in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) : nutrient mixture F‐12 Ham (1 : 1 ratio) supplemented with 10^?7 m androstenedione, 5 μg/ml human apo‐transferrin and 0.1% bovine serum albumin, in the presence or absence of FSH or LH (0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64 ng/ml each). Basal oestradiol‐17β production by granulosa cells from small follicles reduced (p < 0.01) from days 1 to 2 of culture and became undetectable by day 3 and basal progesterone production increased (p < 0.05) from day 1 through day 4 of the culture. Although there was no effect of FSH on day 1 of the culture, FSH at 2, 4, 8 and 16 ng/ml increased (p < 0.05) oestradiol‐17β production by granulosa cells from small follicles on day 2. Progesterone secretion was increased (p < 0.05) by all doses of FSH on all days of culture. All doses of LH had no effect on oestradiol‐17β or progesterone production by granulosa cells from small follicles on any day of the culture. The results of this study demonstrate a serum‐free culture system for buffalo granulosa cells and stimulatory effect of FSH but not LH on steroid hormone production by buffalo granulosa cells under these conditions.     

供体细胞培养处理方法对水牛核移植效果的影响

以经常规培养法 (DMEM 10 % FCS)、血清饥饿法 (DMEM 0 .5 % FCS培养 5～ 10 d)和 Apidicolin- APD结合血清饥饿法 (0 .1mg/ L APD培养 2 4 h,DMEM 0 .5 % FCS培养 1～ 18d)培养处理的水牛卵巢颗粒细胞和水牛成体耳部成纤维细胞作供核 ,分别采取带下注核法和胞质内注核法进行核移植。同一供核细胞各处理组间的核移植胚融合率 (以颗粒细胞作供核 )以及重组胚的囊胚发育率无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,但经 APD 0 .5 % FCS培养处理供体细胞核移植后的分裂率显著高于其他组 (P<0 .0 5 )。用 7%乙醇处理的成体耳部成纤维细胞进行核移植 ,其重组胚的分裂率和囊胚发育率与对照组 (不含乙醇 )均无明显差异 (P>0 .0 5 )。结果表明 ,(1)血清饥饿处理水牛供体细胞对其核移植效果没有影响 ;(2 ) DNA合成抑制剂 APD结合血清饥饿培养处理水牛颗粒细胞和成体耳部成纤维细胞 ,可提高其核移植效果 ;(3)乙醇预激活处理水牛成体耳部成纤维细胞 ,对其核移植效果没有影响     

Porcine leptin inhibits lipogenesis in porcine adipocytes

The present study examined whether recombinant porcine leptin alters lipid synthesis in porcine adipocytes. The stromal-vascular cell fraction of neonatal pig subcutaneous adipose tissue was isolated by collagenase digestion, filtration, and subsequent centrifugation. These cells were seeded on 25-cm2 tissue culture flasks and proliferated to confluency in 10% (vol/vol) fetal bovine serum in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium/F12 (DMEM/F12, 50:50). Cultures were differentiated using 2.5% pig serum (vol/vol), 10 nM insulin, 100 nM hydrocortisone. After 7 d of lipid filling, cultures were washed free of this medium, incubated overnight in DMEM/F12 containing 2% pig serum (vol/vol), and then used for experiments. Acute experiments assessed U-(14)C-glucose or 1-(14)C-palmitate metabolism in cultures exposed to porcine leptin (0 to 1,000 ng/mL medium) for 4 h. Chronic experiments used cultures incubated with 0 to 1,000 ng porcine leptin/mL medium for 44 h before measurements of U-(14)C-glucose and 1-(14)C-palmitate oxidation and incorporation into lipid. Another experiment examined whether chronic leptin treatment alters insulin responsiveness by including insulin (10 nM) with incubations containing leptin. Leptin had no acute effects on glucose oxidation or conversion to lipid (P > 0.05). Acute leptin treatment decreased palmitate incorporation into lipids up to 45% (P < 0.05). Chronic leptin exposure decreased glucose oxidation (21%), total lipid synthesis (18%), and fatty acid synthesis (23%) at 100 ng/mL medium (P < 0.05). Insulin increased rates of glucose oxidation, total lipid, and fatty acid synthesis (P < 0.05); however, chronic exposure to 10 ng leptin/mL medium decreased the effectiveness of 10 nM insulin to affect these measures of glucose metabolism by approximately 18 to 46% (P < 0.05). Higher concentrations of leptin inhibited all effects of insulin on glucose metabolism (P < 0.05). Chronic exposure to leptin increased palmitate oxidation by 36% (P < 0.05). Chronic leptin exposure decreased palmitate incorporation into total lipids by 40% at 100 ng/mL medium (P < 0.05). Lipoprotein lipase activity was not affected (P > 0.05) by leptin. These data indicate that leptin functions to promote partitioning of energy away from lipid accretion within porcine adipose tissue by inhibiting glucose oxidation and lipogenesis indirectly, by decreasing insulin-mediated stimulation of lipogenesis, and by stimulating fatty acid oxidation while inhibiting fatty acid esterification.     

双氢睾酮对小鼠卵泡颗粒细胞增殖与抗苗勒管激素表达的影响

【目的】探讨双氢睾酮(DHT)对小鼠颗粒细胞增殖与抗苗勒管激素(AMH)表达的影响。【方法】给3周龄的昆明小鼠注射孕马血清促性腺激素(PMSG,10 IU/只)以获取颗粒细胞,颗粒细胞传代后48 h HE染色鉴定形态,绘制颗粒细胞的生长曲线,免疫荧光法鉴定促卵泡素受体(FSHR)的表达。当第2代颗粒细胞汇合度达到50%时,先用无血清的DMEM/F12培养基饥饿处理12 h,然后在培养基中添加不同浓度的DHT (0、10^-9、10^-8、10^-7、10^-6、10^-5 mol/L),培养48 h后检测颗粒细胞增殖情况,实时荧光定量PCR法及ELISA法分别测定AMH基因及蛋白的表达。在颗粒细胞培养液中分别添加10^-6 mol/L Flutamide (雄激素受体(AR)特异性抑制剂)、10^-7 mol/L DHT、10^-7 mol/L DHT+10^-6 mol/L Flutamide、10^-5 mol/L DHT、10^-5mol/L DHT+10^-8 mol/L 11-ketodihydrotestosterone (AR特异性激动剂),分别记为F、D7、DF、D5、DK组,以不添加药物为对照组。培养48 h后,检测各组颗粒细胞增殖及AMH蛋白含量。【结果】体外培养的小鼠颗粒细胞呈梭形或铺路石状,生长曲线呈S形,细胞普遍表达FSHR;与0 mol/L DHT组相比,10^-8、10^-7 mol/L DHT组细胞增殖分别显著和极显著增加(P＜0.05;P＜0.01),10^-5 mol/L DHT组细胞增殖显著降低(P＜0.05);10^-7 mol/L DHT组AMH基因的相对表达量和AMH蛋白含量均极显著增加(P＜0.01)。与D7组相比,DF组颗粒细胞增殖和AMH蛋白含量均极显著降低(P＜0.01);与D5组相比,DK组颗粒细胞增殖和AMH蛋白含量均极显著升高(P＜0.01)。【结论】10^-7 mol/L DHT能够显著促进颗粒细胞增殖和AMH表达,而10^-5 mol/L显著降低了颗粒细胞增殖以及AMH表达,且AR介导了DHT调控颗粒细胞增殖和AMH表达。     

血清浓度对共培养条件下牛原代肌肉卫星细胞及前体脂肪细胞活性影响

为探索添加血清浓度对共培养条件下细胞活性的影响,本研究采集新生秦川犊牛背最长肌和肾周脂肪,分离提取前体脂肪细胞和肌卫星细胞,建立以DMEM/F12培养基,不同细胞混合比例(肌肉细胞:脂肪细胞=10:1、5:1、2:1)的多种共培养体系,通过调整各共培养体系培养基中的胎牛血清比例(5%、10%、15%、20%的胎牛血清,FBS),来研究血清浓度对各共培养体系中细胞活性的影响。共培养14d,每两天更换对应培养基,并采用MTT染色法测定共培养细胞的细胞活性。统计分析后发现:共培养细胞活性随着血清浓度的上升而增加;15%FBS和20%FBS浓度下细胞活性均显著高于5%FBS组和10%FBS组(P<0.05);虽20%FBS组细胞活性高于15%组,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。综上,为了获得最好的牛肌卫星细胞和前体脂肪细胞共培养效果,达到较高的细胞培养活性,建议采用15%(v/v)以上的FBS进行共培养。     

Effects of Confluent, Roscovitine Treatment and Serum Starvation on the Cell-cycle Synchronization of Bovine Foetal Fibroblasts

The present study was designed to examine the effects of cell-cycle synchronization protocols, such as confluent, roscovitine treatment and serum starvation, in bovine foetal fibroblasts on synchronization accuracy at G0/G1, viability, apoptosis, necrosis and ploidy for use as a nuclei donor. The cells in 5-10 passages were randomly allocated into three treated groups. Cells were cultured either in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) + 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) until 90% confluent (group 1, confluent), in DMEM + 10% FBS + 30 microM roscovitine for 12 h (group 2, roscovitine), or in DMEM + 0.5% FBS for 5 days (group 3, serum starvation). Most of the cells (>80%) in all groups were arrested at the G0/G1 stage. Although the rates did not differ, cells in group 1 showed an increased cell population arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher rates of apoptosis occurred in group 3 than in group 1 and 2 (10% vs 6% and 6%, respectively). No differences in chromosomal abnormality were observed among groups. However, by increasing the number of cell culture passages up to 15, significantly (p < 0.05) higher chromosomal abnormality was observed than in 5 and 10 passages (39% vs 28% and 23%, respectively) in group 1. The results clearly indicated that bovine foetal fibroblasts could be effectively synchronized at G0/G1 stages by all the three different treatments, confluent, roscovitine and serum starvation. However, cells in confluent showed reduced apoptosis and necrosis when they underwent 5-10 passages, exhibiting increased percentage of cells with stable chromosome diversity. Hence, cells in confluent merit further studies before they could be used as nuclear donors.     

山羊胚胎体外培养条件的优化

为优化山羊胚胎体外培养条件,本试验比较了含有3种不同来源血清（优质胎牛血清、发情山羊血清、前列腺素（PG）处理后发情山羊血清）的M199对卵母细胞成熟效果的影响,成熟率分别为65.95%、49.2%、76.47%,差异极显著（P＜0.01）;本试验还分别采用了SOFaa、CR1aa+输卵管上皮细胞共培养,以及改进的DMEM/F12发育体系培养受精卵,结果发现,SOFaa、CR1aa+输卵管上皮细胞的发育培养系统得到的囊胚率为29.62%、24.73%,差异不显著(P＞0.05),改进的DMEM/F12发育液囊胚率最高为48.42%,差异极显著（P＜0.01）。