影响油乳剂疫苗黏度因素的探讨

油乳剂疫苗黏度受硬脂酸铝含量、油相与水相比例、乳化时间、白油品质等因素的影响,试验结果证明:硬脂酸铝含量增加,油乳剂疫苗的黏度增大;油相与水相的比例增大,油乳剂疫苗的黏度降低;乳化时间延长,油乳剂疫苗的黏度升高;使用国产10号白油的油乳剂疫苗的黏度大于使用进口Marcol52白油的黏度。     

禽流感油乳佐剂疫苗质量快速检测方法的建立

通过对低温冻融法、研磨法、稀释高速捣碎法、95%乙醇法及三氯甲烷法破乳效果比较,确定三氯甲烷为油乳剂疫苗的破乳剂.将不同抗原含量的H9和H5亚型灭活与非灭活疫苗破乳后分离上层水相,采用红细胞凝集(HA)试验,测定其HA价,结果发现脱乳后上层水相与未做成油乳疫苗并做相应稀释的原液的HA价下降1～3个滴度,且将不同稀释度制备H5亚型疫苗经脱乳处理后上层水相的HA价与荧光定量PCR结果基本一致.所建立的禽流感油乳剂疫苗质量的检测方法具有快速、经济、简便,尤其适合于对大批量及基层应用.     

鸭病毒性肝炎油佐剂疫苗的研制

本试验用司本－８０、硬脂酸铝和自油作为油相,吐温－８０和本地分离的驯化野毒鸡胚尿囊液为水相。造成的油包术型油佐剂疫苗,４℃放置６个月稳定。４倍量接种雏鸭,无异常,本疫苗免疫雏鸭后７天,攻毒保护率为１００％,免疫期１个月以上。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征油乳剂灭活疫苗的免疫保护效果试验

本试验采用油乳剂灭活疫苗对4周龄仔猪、母猪及种公猪进行免疫,结果表明,疫苗中的抗原含量是影响疫苗效力的重要因素,中和抗体1:26可作为抵御强毒攻毒的临界值.     

1型鸭疫里默氏菌3种不同佐剂灭活疫苗的比较

分别研制1型鸭疫里默氏菌（RA）灭活铝胶疫苗、RA灭活蜂胶疫苗和RA灭活油乳剂疫苗,并从副作用和免疫保护率等方面对比3种疫苗作了比较。结果表明,灭活油乳剂疫苗免疫保护率最高,免疫后9d保护率达83.3%,14d为92.8%－100％,24d时仍为100％;其次是灭活蜂胶疫苗,灭活铝胶疫苗最差,但副作用则从铝胶疫苗、蜂胶疫苗、油乳剂疫苗依次增强,对于同一种疫苗,颈部皮下注射的副作用明显小于腿部肌肉注射,因此,建议选择油乳剂疫苗以颈部皮下注射途径免疫接种雏鸭,即可获得较长时间的保护。     

影响油乳剂疫苗稳定性因素的探讨

油乳剂疫苗稳定性受乳化时间，乳化速度，水相加入油相的速度，助悬液，贮存温度的影响，试验结果证明，最佳乳化时间为单苗４５－３．５分钟，二联苗１５－４５分钟，最佳乳化速度为８０００转／分，水相加入油相的速度在转速８０００转／分钟，油相，水相比３：１的情况下，以１５－２０分钟为佳；加入硬脂酸助悬剂可增加其稳定性，贮存温度以８－２５℃为宜。     

油乳剂活苗的选择与使用

作为油乳剂灭活疫苗的物理性状上要求达到如下几点:①乳化剂亲油亲水平衡值(HLB)根据W_1+W_2\HLB_1×W_1+HLB_2×W_2,其HLB要在6.5左右,该值是油包乳剂适当值;②油苗滴于蒸馏水表面油滴呈规则图形,不向四周扩散,证明该油乳剂为油包水型;③疫苗经3000rpm/min离心15分钟,疫苗不分层;④疫苗在4℃和常温下保存12个月基本不分层;⑤用     

血清1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌灭活油乳剂疫苗的研制

为研究血清1型鸭疫里默氏杆菌(R.anatipestifer,RA)的灭活油乳剂疫苗,本研究将10株血清1型RA的临床分离株经腿部肌肉注射7日龄雏鸭进行动物体内复壮,结果表明所有被测菌株均具有较强的毒力,易感雏鸭致死率100％.对其中3株RA分离株CH3、WJ4和YL4的毒力测定结果表明其半数致死量(LD50)分别为2×108 cfu、3.25×108 cfu和2.37×106 cfu.选取5株RA分离株分别制备灭活油乳剂疫苗,分别于5日龄和18日龄对樱桃谷鸭进行两次免疫后,免疫鸭能够产生高水平的RA特异性抗体,对2 LD50 WJ4或CH3攻毒产生很好的保护效果,其中由CH3、CQ3和YXb12制备的灭活油乳剂疫苗对攻毒的保护率高达100％.     

影响油乳剂乳液疫苗稳定性的因素及其评价方法

本文介绍了各种影响油乳剂乳液疫苗稳定性的因素。从物化性质方面指出了混合乳化剂的HLB值与浓度、油水相比、助悬剂(硬脂酸铝)的浓度等对油乳剂乳液疫苗稳定性的影响;又从仪器和操作指标方面指出了仪器乳化强度、乳化时间、制备方式等对油乳剂疫苗稳定性的影响。结合乳状液的稳定性分析方法,总结出适合油乳剂灭活疫苗稳定性的评价方法,如离心破乳法、静置高温或冷冻沉降法、电导率法、相对分布法等。     

鹅蛋子瘟自场油乳剂苗的研制

从本省主要养鹅地区发病的鹅场、养殖户中,采集病料进行分离培养,并对其染色镜检、生化试验后,确诊为大肠杆菌。以病变组织上清液为水相,10号白油为油相,按一定比例配制成油乳剂苗。试验证明,该疫苗具有制作简便快速,且安全有效。     

A double-blind comparison of olive oil and a combination of evening primrose oil and fish oil in the management of canine atopy.

A randomised double-blind parallel study lasting eight weeks was used to assess the effects of olive oil in a group of atopic dogs whose clinical signs were well controlled by dietary supplementation with a combination of evening primrose oil and fish oil. Nine of the 11 dogs which continued to receive this combination were considered unchanged at the conclusion of the study, whereas eight of the 10 dogs switched to olive oil had deteriorated. The mean plasma concentration of dihomogammalinolenic acid, a precursor of potentially antiinflammatory mediators, was significantly reduced (P < 0.05) in the olive oil-treated group at the end of the study. There were no significant differences between the mean plasma linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acid concentrations in the two groups. These findings suggest that olive oil is not an effective therapeutic agent in the control of canine atopy.     

椰子油在猪日粮中的应用探讨

<正>1椰子油的理化特性脂类是脂肪和类脂的总称,脂肪由甘油的三个羟基与三个脂肪酸缩合而成,类脂包括磷脂、糖脂、脂肪酸、固醇及其脂[1]。根据原料来源分为植物性油脂和动物性油脂。植物性油脂主要含甘油酯、磷脂类、脂肪酸及其它脂溶性物质,精炼后的植物油中甘油三酯占99%以上;动物性油脂的成分比植物油多含胆固醇及胆固醇酯。     

鱼油在饲料中的应用研究

鱼油富含（ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸——二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）,具有重要的营养生理功能,在饲料中已广泛应用。本文就鱼油的营养生理功能、在饲料中的应用、氧化及抗氧化等方面作一简要综述。     

Dietary fish oil and flaxseed oil suppress inflammation and immunity in cats

Type-I interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that have non-specific antiviral activity, participating mostly in innate defense mechanisms. Their administration has been proposed to treat several viral and immunomediated diseases as an immunomodulatory therapy. Due to its availability, recombinant human interferon-alpha (rHuIFN-α) has been studied in relation to feline retrovirosis, both in vitro and in vivo. However, IFNs are species-specific and antibodies have been shown to develop in response to the high rHuIFN-α doses necessary for an effective therapy. A recombinant feline IFN has been developed, which has been characterized as interferon-omega (rFeIFN-ω), designed to overcome these problems. Nonetheless, very few studies have been undertaken to evaluate its efficacy in cats naturally infected with FIV or FeLV. In an initial study, we here demonstrated that rFeIFN-ω can dramatically improve the clinical condition of infected cats, and induce improvement of hematologic parameters. Minor changes or no change was observed for hypergammaglobulinemia, CD4/CD8 ratio, proviral load, viremia and RT activity, suggesting that the overall effect of IFN was on innate immunity. More studies are needed in order to better understand its in vivo mechanisms.     

鱼油在猪饲料中的应用效果

1　妊娠期及哺乳期母猪种猪日粮添加鱼油试验的研究报道较多,研究目标主要集中在如何通过日粮途径,提高母源ｎ-3型脂肪酸的水平,从而提高胎儿生长发育、成活率、初生重及健康水平。目前的研究发现,妊娠期及哺乳期母猪日粮添加鱼油可以提高母猪及仔猪体内ｎ-3型脂肪酸的水平,并提高仔猪成活率及初生重。妊娠期和哺乳期母猪日粮添加35%～7%的鲱鱼油代替猪油能明显增加母猪血清、初乳和乳汁及新生仔猪体内ｎ-3型脂肪酸含量(Ａｎｔｈｏｎｙ等,1992;Ｆｒｉｔｓｃｈｅ等,1993),同时减少母猪免疫细胞中前列腺素Ｅ2(ＰＧＥ2)的产生,但不影响断奶仔猪…     

鱼油在水产饲料中的应用

鱼油是湿法加工鱼粉过程中的副产品,是将海洋鱼类及其废弃物经蒸馏、压榨和精炼而得到,以脂肪形式存在于鱼肉中或以分散油形式存在于鱼体内的油脂。鱼油的主要成分是甘油三脂,此外还含有少量类脂、磷甘油醚、脂溶性维生素以及蛋白质降解物等,其中磷脂主要由磷脂酰胆碱和磷脂酰乙醇胺组成。与一般动植物油脂相比,鱼油中大部分脂肪酸具有较长的碳链和多元不饱和度,长链脂肪酸通常占总脂肪量的1/4￣1/3,有时高达1/2,其中5￣6个双键的脂肪酸通常占鱼油的15%￣30%,尤其以n-3系列的高度不饱和脂肪酸(H U FA),如二十碳五烯酸(E PA)和二十二碳六…     

油区工作犬使用初探

为适应油田生产区域治安形势的需要,尤其针对油区工农纠纷、围攻井站等案件增多的严峻形势,2003年油田公安局建立了一个占地面积60余亩,同时容纳百余头警犬的繁殖、培育、训练基地,并训练出一批巡逻防暴犬投入使用,为打击油区恶性案件、净化油区治安环境发挥了重要的作用,开辟了一条利用警犬协同整治油区治安形势的良性循环道路.     

Effect of emu oil on auricular inflammation induced with croton oil in mice

OBJECTIVE: To determine the acute anti-inflammatory effects of topically applied emu oil. ANIMALS: 96 male CD-1 mice assigned randomly to 4 groups, each comprising 24 mice. PROCEDURE: To induce auricular inflammation, 50 microl of a solution comprising 10 microl of croton oil dissolved in 1 ml of acetone was applied to the inner surface of the left auricle (pinna). One hour later, 3 or 5 microl of emu oil (low- and high-dose groups, respectively) or 5 microl of porcine oil (oil-control) was applied to the left pinna. Control mice remained untreated. Six mice per group were euthanatized 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after induction of inflammation. Specimens of auricular tissue (ear plugs) were obtained, using a 6-mm biopsy punch. Magnitude of swelling was calculated as the weight difference between left (inflamed) and right (noninflamed) ear plugs; degree of edema was determined as the difference between wet and dry weights of the left ear plug. RESULTS: Magnitude of swelling was significantly reduced at 6 and 12 hours in mice treated with emu or porcine oil, compared with controls. The greatest reduction in swelling was detected in the high-dose emu group at 6 hours. Compared with controls, degree of edema was significantly reduced at 6 hours only in the high-dose group, whereas by 12 hours, all groups treated with oils had significantly less edema than controls. At 24 hours, magnitude of swelling and degree of edema did not differ among groups. CONCLUSION: Topically applied emu oil significantly reduced severity of acute auricular inflammation induced by croton oil in mice.