猪伪狂犬的防控策略和净化

伪狂犬病是一种由伪狂犬病毒引发的家畜、野生动物传染病,猪是伪狂犬病毒的天然宿主,一旦猪感染伪狂犬病,就会出现发热、脑脊髓炎等症状,且种猪的繁殖会受到直接影响,仔猪也会出现大量死亡,商品猪的生长速度则会不断迟滞,这会给养殖户以及整个畜牧业带来十分不利的影响。本文将针对猪伪狂犬病的相关特点进行分析,并对猪伪狂犬病的防控与净化措施进行浅析。     

猪伪狂犬病的研究进展

猪伪狂犬病（Pseudorabies,PR）是由猪伪狂犬病毒引起猪的一种急性传染病,可致妊娠母猪流产,产死胎及胎儿干尸化;对初生仔猪则引起神经症状,出现运动失调,麻痹,衰竭死亡,病死率100％;成年猪多呈隐性感染,但可引起呼吸道症状。猪伪狂犬病是猪群主要传染病之一,严重危害养猪业的健康发展,并造成巨大的经济损失。本文对该病的病原学、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断和防控方面的研究进展做一综述。     

猪伪狂犬病防控与净化

伪狂犬病（Aujeszky’s Disease）是由伪狂犬病毒（Pseudorabies virus PRV）引起的多种家畜和野生动物以发热,奇痒（猪除外）及脑脊髓炎为主要特征的一种重要传染病;猪是伪狂犬病毒的自然宿主,可造成种猪繁殖障碍、仔猪早期大量死亡、商品猪生长迟滞,给畜牧业带来巨大损失。本病曾在全世界流行,中国自1947首次报道以来,目前已扩大到全国各地,隐性感染、临床发病及混合感染日趋严重,每年因为该病造成巨大的经济损失。世界上主要的养猪国家都已开始实施猪伪狂犬病的控制和净化项目,并在一些国家取得成功;借鉴国外成功的经验,根据我国猪伪狂犬病的流行状况及研究进展,并提出我们国家伪狂犬病防控策略和净化方案。     

一例农户小型种猪场伪狂犬病的净化

某农户小型种猪场疑似感染伪狂犬病病毒,为了检测出野毒感染猪,净化伪狂犬病,提高猪群健康水平,采用PRV gE抗体ELISA检测试剂盒,对该场免疫了猪伪狂犬病基因缺失疫苗的猪群进行5次野毒感染检测;同时应用实时荧光PCR检测试剂盒,对有临床症状的新生仔猪进行PRV病原检测。经过连续监测、综合防控并适时淘汰,该猪场的PRV野毒感染率降为1.72%,发病仔猪伪狂犬病毒野毒阳性率均降为零。猪场新生仔猪成活率提高,猪群基本无PRV感染,净化效果良好。     

猪伪狂犬病的研究进展

猪伪狂犬病(Pseudonabies,PR)是由猪伪狂犬病毒引起猪的一种急性传染病,可致妊娠母猪流产,产死胎及胎儿干尸化;对初生仔猪则引起神经症状,出现运动失调,麻痹,衰竭死亡,病死率100%;成年猪多呈隐性感染,但可引起呼吸道症状.猪伪狂犬病是猪群主要传染病之一,严重危害养猪业的健康发展,并造成巨大的经济损失.本文对该病的病原学、流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、诊断和防控方面的研究进展做一综述.     

猪伪狂犬病的防控及净化措施

伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒引起的多种家畜及野生动物的一种高度接触性传染病,尤其对猪的危害严重。猪伪狂犬病能引起妊娠母猪流产、木乃伊胎、死胎和产弱仔;初生仔猪出现神经症状,病死率80%~100%。主要简述了我国猪伪狂犬病流行的新情况、诊断方法、防控及净化措施,以期为生产实践中猪伪狂犬病的防控提供参考。     

猪伪狂犬病疫苗的研究进展

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒感染引起的一种急性传染病,临床上以发热、脑脊髓炎为主要症状,是一种在世界范围内广泛传播且可对多种动物健康造成危害的疾病。猪感染后可造成仔猪较高的发病率和病死率,母猪流产、产死胎,公猪性功能下降,由此给猪养殖业造成严重的经济损失。本文对猪伪狂犬病在我国的流行情况、伪狂犬病的流行特点及猪伪狂犬病疫苗的研究进展进行综述,希望为猪伪狂犬病的防控和新型疫苗的研发提供参考。     

猪伪狂犬病毒的流行特点与防控

猪伪狂犬病是危害养猪业较严重的病毒性传染病,病原为猪伪狂犬病毒,该病主要导致妊娠母猪流产,产死胎和弱仔,仔猪感染后有很高的死亡率。本文主要介绍猪伪狂犬病的流行特点与防控措施,为基层养猪场猪伪狂犬病毒的防控提供参考。     

规模猪场生猪伪狂犬病的防控

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒引起的猪的一种急性传染病。该病可造成妊娠母猪的繁殖障碍和哺乳仔猪的大量死亡,是我国生猪养殖的重要传染病之一,至今,仍有不少规模猪场因伪狂犬病毒的传播而带来重大的经济损失。因此,笔者对规模猪场生猪伪狂犬病的防控进行了综述和思考,现报告如下：     

猪伪狂犬病的诊断与预防

猪伪狂犬病是由伪狂犬病毒导致的猪的一种以母猪繁殖障碍、仔猪出现呼吸道症状和神经症状为主的急性传染病。15日龄以内的仔猪发病率可达100%,对成年猪可造成生长停滞、增重缓慢     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记与牦牛遗传育种研究

在归纳总结RFLP和PCR-RFLP标记技术的原理、优缺点的基础上,系统论述了其在牦牛遗传育种研究中的应用现状,并提出了个人的建议和看法。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。