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我国犬埃立克体病研究现状 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
犬埃立克体病是由严格细胞内寄生的埃立克体所致的疾病。目前,我国已经发现的犬埃立克体病原有犬埃立克体(Ehrlichia)和扁平埃立克体(E.platy)两种。我国已发现的犬埃立克体病均为E.canis和E.platy的混合感染。临床症状包括发热、体重严重减轻、流鼻血和腹泻带血等;白细胞和血小板计数同时下降是我国犬埃立克体病的特点;严重的病犬常因广泛性出血或继发感染而死亡。犬埃立克体病的病原学诊断主要依靠镜检、血清学试验和PCR等。犬血清埃立克体抗体的调查结果表明,我国犬埃立克体病的流行与蜱活动密切相关。四环素类抗生素是治疗犬埃立克体病的有效药物。 相似文献
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为了解石河子地区犬埃立克体的流行状况,本研究从石河子市宠物医院及周边地区采集犬血液和体表寄生蜱,利用间接ELISA对采集的血清样品进行血清学调查,并通过PCR扩增犬埃立克体16S rRNA基因和及系统进化分析进行其分子流行病学调查。血清学检测结果显示,犬埃立克体抗体阳性率为22.40%,表明石河子地区犬中存在埃立克体的感染。从犬体表蜱样本中扩增出埃立克体452 bp特异片段,测序和比对结果证实这些片段为犬埃立克体;遗传进化分析显示,犬源埃立克体石河子流行株,与Fujian、Yonaguni206、Yunnan、Ehrlichia muris(AY587608.2)、Ehrlichia chaffeensis(NR_074500.1)等流行株具有较近的亲缘关系,首次证实石河子地区存在犬埃立克体的感染和流行,为埃立克体病的防控提供了流行病学资料。 相似文献
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犬埃立克体病是由严格细胞内(白细胞或血小板)寄生的革兰氏阴性球杆菌一埃立克体引起的犬的急(慢)性传染病,也是一种人兽共患自然疫源性疾病。由于埃立克体主要对白细胞和脾脏等造成损伤,病犬表现为免疫力低下、极度消瘦,犬埃立克体病也被称为犬的艾滋病。犬埃立克体病是全球分布性疾病,蜱为其主要传播媒介。到目前为止,已从自然感染病犬体内分离到4种埃立克体,即犬埃立克体、尤因埃立克体、血小板埃立克体和立氏埃立克体。犬埃立克体和血小板埃立克体已被证实是引起我国犬埃立克体病的病原体。 相似文献
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犬在埃立克体病研究中的作用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
随着新病原及病原新的致病性不断被发现 ,埃立克体及埃立克体病已经成为预防医学和兽医学研究热点。在已经发现的 1 1种埃立克体病原中 ,有 5种可以直接感染犬 ,引起不同的犬埃立克体病 ;另外 2种为早先分别从人单核细胞埃立克体病和粒细胞埃立克体病患者中分离的病原 ,在流行区的犬体内也可以分离到。资料表明犬对许多埃立克体都极为敏感 ,犬在埃立克体及埃立克体病研究上占有重要地位。鉴于这是我国近年才发现的新病原 ,许多兽医及研究工作者不认识它 ,文章就相关埃立克体对犬的感染和所致疾病以及在流行病学上的意义进行了综述。 相似文献
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立克次体目(Rickettsiales)中的立克次体属、埃立克体属和无形体属细菌分别能引起立克次体病、埃立克体病和无形体病,硬蜱是其主要传播媒介。在石河子市部分宠物医院及周边地区采集犬血及犬体表寄生蜱,通过PCR技术扩增蜱传立克次体目细菌16S rRNA基因,对所得结果进行测序并做系统进化分析。结果表明,扩增出立克次体345bp特异片段,无形体及犬埃立克体452bp特异片段,测序结果证实这些片段分别为立克次体、无形体和犬埃立克体。遗传进化分析显示,犬源立克次体、埃立克体及无形体石河子流行株分别与Rickettsiales bacterium(EF687768)、Ehrlichia sp.Yonaguni206(HQ697589.1)、Anaplasma(KJ410247.1、KJ410248.1、KJ410249.1)处于同一分支,分别属于立克次体、埃立克体、无形体的保守分支,提示与这些国内外流行株具有较近的亲缘关系。本研究基本理清了石河子地区犬中蜱传立克次体的感染和流行情况,为立克次体的防治提供了流行病学资料。 相似文献
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应用PCR检测犬埃立克体病的研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用已确证为扁平埃立克体(Ehrlichia platys)和犬埃立克体(E.canis)混合感染的犬全血对6只格犬进行人工感染,通过对其临床症状,血流学变化,血涂片包涵体观察,并将其PCR结果与后来确诊为犬埃立克体病的18只病犬血的PCR结果比较,表明PCR方法能够对早期犬埃立克体病做出准确诊断。 相似文献
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犬埃立克体病是由犬埃立克体引起的一种犬传染病,继1998年广州发现并证实首宗犬埃立克体病流行后,国内相继有报道该病的发生。由于目前没有疫苗进行免疫,使得该病的防治难度大,特别是规模化犬场一旦引入该病,损失往往是毁灭性的,而且无法根治。笔者就多年来对犬埃立克体病的认识及临床防治经验作一总结,供同行交流借鉴。 相似文献
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本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。 相似文献
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以国际标准强毒R株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离MG,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离MG。结果表明,人工感染48小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,96小时气囊已被感染,120小时输卵管已能分离到MG,卵巢始终分离不到MG。人工感染鸡自144小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出MG。药物治疗能在72小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需24天后逐渐降低蛋内MG分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内MG,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。 相似文献
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魏静 《四川畜牧兽医学院学报》2009,(4):28-32
在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。 相似文献
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家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1 材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5~ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2 结果和讨论2 .1 睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果 见表 1。表 1 獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标 μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管… 相似文献
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Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process. 相似文献
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Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF
Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo. 相似文献