用B病毒ELISA和人单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型酶免疫法检测食蟹猴血清中B病毒相关抗体的研究

采用B病毒(BV)作为抗原的ELISA法和人单纯疱疹病毒Ⅰ型(HSV-1)的酶免疫(EIA)法分别检测食蟹猴血清中BV抗体和BV相关抗体,结果BV ELISA法和HSV-1EIA法阳性检出率均为10．9％(5／46),两者符合率为100％。这一结果为食蟹猴的BV抗体监测和进出口检验提供参考。     

猕猴B病毒抗体的检测报告

用人单纯疱症病毒1型(HSV-1)为抗原片,玻片免疫酶(IEA)检测抗体的方法,对全场猕猴B病毒抗体阴性动物进行分区隔离。B病毒抗体阴性动物连续3年检测,B病毒感染1.05%,B病毒抗体阴性猴再次感染率不高,为日后群养动物提供可行依据。将分区隔离后B病毒抗体阴性动物每隔2周进行检测,表明潜在病毒携带者并非随时排毒。用IEA和ELISA两种方法检测72只B病毒抗体阳性母猴所生仔猴抗体,71只B病毒抗体阴性,阴性率98.6%。结果说明,母猴抗体阳性垂直传染给仔猴几率极低。     

猴B病毒抗体免疫梳检测方法的建立

为了研究猴B病毒(BV)抗体的快速检测方法,试验以采用基因工程技术制备BV的BV32基因原核表达产物重组BV32蛋白作为抗原诊断试剂,建立免疫梳(IC)方法用于特异性检测试验猴血清中抗BV的抗体IgG。结果表明:最佳抗原包被量为0.01 mg/m L;制备好的免疫梳均能够特异性检测到相应的猴B病毒阳性血清而不与其他病毒血清间发生交叉反应;能够敏感地检测到1∶400倍稀释的BV阳性血清;同一样品重复检测3次,变异系数(CV)均小于10%;利用该检测方法对40份猴血清样品进行检测,与ELISA法检测结果一致率为98%,Kappa系数为0.997。说明免疫梳检测方法灵敏度高、特异性强、重复性好,具有良好的实用性。     

羊血清中口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白3A-3B1-3B2抗体ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立检测羊血清中口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体的间接ELISA方法,通过优化抗原表达条件,在大肠杆菌原核表达系统中获得了可溶性的3A-3B1-3B2融合蛋白,基于纯化的可溶性融合蛋白建立了口蹄疫病毒非结构蛋白抗体间接ELISA检测试剂盒。该方法对其他相关的羊类病毒病原无交叉反应,其重复性组内与组间变异系数均低于10%,具有良好的重复性。对300份临床血清样品进行检测,与国内市售的口蹄疫非结构蛋白抗体检测试剂盒进行比较,阳性样品符合率为96.67%,阴性样品符合率为94%,总符合率为95.33%。本研究建立的羊血清中口蹄疫病毒3A-3B1-3B2蛋白抗体间接ELISA检测方法,特异性高、敏感性强,操作简单快速,具有较高的应用推广价值。     

猪伪狂犬病毒间接ELISA抗体检测方法的建立

为了满足我国现阶段猪伪狂犬病病毒(PRV)高频突变引发新疫情诊断的需求,本实验通过生物信息学分析比较,设计合成了针对PRV g B糖蛋白高度保守的抗原优势表位区肽段,命名为g B872。以此肽段为包被抗原,经条件优化建立了新型的PRV-g B间接ELISA抗体检测方法。该ELISA方法检测结果显示,其仅对PRV血清检测为阳性,而与猪瘟病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒、口蹄疫病毒(O型)、猪细小病毒、猪圆环病毒2型等主要猪源病毒阳性血清均无交叉反应,表明该方法具有较强的特异性;最低检测下限血清稀释度为1∶128,高于IDEXX PRV/ADV g B抗体检测试剂盒检测下限稀释度(1∶4),表明该方法敏感性高;批内、批间重复性试验结果显示,变异系数均低于10%,重复性良好。利用该方法与Bio Chek PRV-g B抗体检测试剂盒检测90份临床血清样品,对比结果分析显示,两者阳性符合率为100%,阴性符合率为97.67%,总体符合率为97.78%;同时,采用该方法与IDEXX-g I(gE)和IDEXX-g B试剂盒分别对野毒感染血清和疫苗免疫血清同时检测,该方法可以准确识别野毒阳性血清和疫苗免疫阳性血清,与IDEXX两种试剂盒的结果一致。本研究建立的间接ELISA检测方法对PRV疫苗免疫效果评价、流行病学调查及防控提供了可靠的方法。     

检测猪乙型脑炎病毒抗体间接ELISA方法的建立与应用

以乙型脑炎病毒(JEV)弱毒疫苗株作为诊断抗原,对ELISA反应条件进行优化,初步建立了检测猪乙型脑炎病毒血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。应用该法检测从江苏、安徽、山东、浙江4省部分地区收集到的1089份血样,对华东地区猪乙型脑炎血清流行病学进行初步调查。结果JEV抗体阳性率为68.2%,其中,种猪JEV抗体阳性率为82.1%,商品猪JEV抗体阳性率为62.6%。从中随机抽取135份血样与国产商品化试剂盒进行比较,间接ELISA方法的特异性和敏感性分别为92%和96.4%,2种方法的符合率为95.6%;与NS1蛋白包被建立的ELISA比较,两者的符合率为97.7%;同时,本法的阳性检出率显著高于临床普遍使用的乳胶凝集试验结果。由此表明,本试验建立的间接ELISA方法具有较高的敏感性和特异性,适于大规模猪乙型脑炎血清流行病学调查。     

一种基于VP0蛋白检测DHAV(1型和3型）血清抗体的间接ELISA的建立及应用

为建立一种快速检测鸭甲肝病毒(DHAV)1型和3型(DHAV-1、DHAV-3)血清抗体的方法,本研究诱导表达了DHAV-1、DHAV-3重组蛋白VP0、VP1、VP3,并采用ELISA方法比较了3者的反应原性,结果显示DHAV-1 VP0更适合作为检测DHAV-1、DHAV-3血清抗体的通用型诊断抗原。经各反应条件优化,建立了一种基于DHAV-1 VP0重组蛋白的可同时检测DHAV-1、DHAV-3血清抗体的间接ELISA方法。优化的主要反应条件为:抗原包被浓度为0.25μg/m L,待检血清稀释度为1100,山羊抗鸭HRP-IgG 1400稀释。该方法特异性较强,只与DHAV-1、DHAV-3阳性血清反应,与鸭源小鹅瘟病毒(GPV)、鸭病毒性肠炎病毒(DEV)、H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(H9N2 AIV)、鸭坦布苏病毒(DTMUV)等阳性血清均无交叉反应;敏感性为1320;批内变异系数小于4%,批间变异系数小于6%;与商品化的ELISA抗体检测试剂盒比较,二者阳性符合率为93.3%,阴性符合率为88.9%,总符合率为95.7%,且该方法可用于临床血清样本的检测。本研究为检/监测DHAV血清抗体水平提供了技术手段。     

鸭甲肝病毒抗体的间接ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立一种切实可行的鸭甲肝病毒抗体的检测方法,将1株临床分离的3型鸭甲肝病毒的VP3基因进行原核表达的纯化蛋白作为包被抗原,初步建立了检测鸭肝炎病毒抗体的间接ELISA方法。通过条件优化,得到VP3蛋白最佳包被浓度为0.159 5μg/mL,血清最佳稀释倍数为1∶200。结果显示,建立的ELISA方法具有较好的特异性、敏感性和重复性,与商品化的双抗原夹心ELISA的符合率为92.5%,且该方法可同时检测1型和3型鸭甲肝病毒抗体,因而可用于临床免疫鸭甲肝病毒的种鸭血清抗体水平的检测和卵黄抗体的效价测定。     

猪瘟病毒间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒的临床应用研究

采用猪瘟病毒间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒对5省/市的猪血清样本进行检测,并与进口ELISA试剂盒相比较,同时采用世界动物卫生组织(OIE)指定方法-荧光抗体病毒中和试验对检测结果有差异的血清样本进行验证,结果显示,两种试剂盒对田间临床样本的符合率为78.1%;猪瘟病毒间接ELISA抗体检测试剂盒与荧光抗体病毒中和试验的符合率高于进口ELISA试剂盒;综合免疫背景分析,猪瘟病毒间接ELISA抗体试剂盒的敏感性和特异性均高于进口试剂盒,更适合在我国进行大规模推广应用。     

ELISA与FAVN方法检测犬狂犬病抗体的比较

比较酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)与细胞培养病毒中和试验(FAVN)检测狂犬病疫苗免疫后血清抗体.将40只犬免疫兽用狂犬病疫苗后,第14 d静脉采血分离血清,分别采用ELISA法和国际贸易指定试验FAVN法检测血清样品,试验犬免疫第21 d攻击狂犬病毒BD06株.结果表明,两种方法检测结果差异不显著(p≥0.05,p=0.19),FAVN、ELISA法检测狂犬病抗体与攻毒试验结果的阳性符合率均为100%.     

Detection of equine infectious anemia virus in horse leukocyte cultures derived from horses in various stages of equine infectious anemia viral infection

The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) antigen-positive and agar-gel immunodiffusion test (AGID)-negative horses do not have infective equine infectious anemia (EIA) virus. The ELISA testing of horse leukocyte culture (HLC) supernatants did detect EIA virus in a HLC that was infected with the Wyoming strain of EIA virus and in HLC derived from horses in febrile, acute, or subacute stages of EIA infection. In supernatants of HLC derived from chronic and inapparent carrier horses, EIA virus was not detected with ELISA. Direct fluorescent antibody tests detected EIA virus in HLC infected with 10(6)TCID50 of the Wyoming strain of EIA virus and in 50% of the HLC from febrile acute or subacute horses. The direct fluorescent antibody testing of HLC derived from chronic and inapparent carrier horses did not detect cell-associated EIA virus. The pony inoculation test proved to be the most reliable and accurate method for detecting infective EIA virus in horses in various stages of EIA infection and accurately correlated with the AGID test.     

Development and comparison of serologic methods for diagnosing chicken anemia virus infection.

This paper describes the development of an indirect immunoperoxidase assay (IIP) and an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detecting antibodies to chicken anemia virus (VAC). The IIP assay developed used CAV-infected MDCC-MSB1 cells for detecting antibody to CAV, whereas the ELISA utilized gradient-purified immunoadsorbed CAV as the target antigen. The IIP and ELISA were compared with the standard indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) assay, which is more conventionally used to screen chicken serum for antibodies against CAV. Comparative test results of 185 field samples of chicken serum by these three methods were in agreement 84% of the time. Both IFA and IIP assays yielded fewer positive tests than did the ELISA. IFA and IIP assays were in agreement 93% of the time, as compared with 91% agreement of IIP and ELISA results, or 84% agreement for comparative IFA and ELISA results.     

H5 antibody detection by blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a monoclonal antibody

Many commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) are unable to differentiate antibody responses to different avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes. Developing an ELISA for specifically detecting the H5 antibody is the purpose of this study. Four monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) were raised using A/duck/Yunlin/04 (H5N2). They were confirmed as being specific to H5. Two of these antibodies showed hemagglutination inhibition (HI) activity using the HI test. Using immunodot blot assays, three Mabs recognized both Eurasian and American H5, whereas the other Mab recognized only the tested Eurasian H5 virus. When testing denatured H5 antigen, one of the Mabs lost its antigen binding activity using Western blotting. For detecting the H5 humoral response in serum, one monoclonal antibody was purified and labeled with horseradish peroxidase to set up a blocking ELISA. Chicken sera that blocked H5 Mab binding by > 29% were considered H5 antibody positive. Inhibition percentages for sera from chickens infected with other AIV subtypes, H1 to H15, were < 29%. This blocking ELISA was used for 478 field chicken serum samples. The results showed that the sensitivity and specificity of this ELISA were 98.3% (232/236) and 95.9% (232/242), respectively. This blocking ELISA could be used specifically for detecting the H5 humoral responses in chickens.     

Use of herpesvirus papio 2 as an alternative antigen in immunoblotting assay for B virus diagnosis

Herpesvirus papio 2 (HVP2), which infects baboons, is much more closely related genetically and antigenically to monkey B virus (BV) than to human herpes simplex virus 1(HSV1) and other related herpes viruses. The usefulness of HVP2 as an alternative test antigen in immunoblotting assays to detect BV-antibody in macaque monkey sera was assessed. Six HVP2 proteins reacted with BV-positive sera in immunoblotting. No specific bands could be detected with BV-negative sera. These results show the usefulness of HVP2 antigen as an alternative and safer antigen than authentic BV antigen in detecting BV antibody in immunoblotting.     

Comparison of sensitivity and specificity in three commercial foot-and-mouth disease virus non-structural protein ELISA kits with swine sera in Taiwan

Three commercialized ELISA kits for the detection of antibodies to the non-structural proteins (NSPs) of FMD virus were compared, using sera from uninfected, vaccinated, challenged and naturally infected pigs. The kinetics of the antibody response to NSPs was compared on sequential serum samples in swine from challenge studies and outbreaks. The results showed that ELISA A (UBI) and ELISA B (CEDI) had better sensitivity than that of the 3ABC recombinant protein-based ELISA C (Chekit). The peak for detection of antibodies to NSPs in ELISA C was significantly delayed in sera from natural infection and challenged swine as compared to the ELISA A and B. The sensitivity of the three ELISAs gradually declined during the 6-month post-infection as antibodies to NSP decline. ELISA kits A and B detected NSP antibody in 50% of challenged pigs by the 9-10th-day and 7-8th-day post-challenge, respectively. ELISA B and C had better specificity than ELISA A on sequential serum samples obtained from swine immunized with a type O FMD vaccine commercially available in Taiwan. Antibody to NSPs before vaccination was not detected in swine not exposed to FMD virus, however, antibody to NSPs was found in sera of some pigs after vaccination. All assays had significantly lower specificity when testing sera from repeatedly vaccinated sows and finishers in 1997 that were tested after the 1997 FMD outbreak. However, when testing sera from repeatedly vaccinated sows or finishers in 2003-2004, the specificity for ELISAs A, B and C were significantly better than those in 1997. This effect was less marked for ELISA A. The ELISA B was the best test in terms of the highest sensitivity and specificity and the lowest reactivity with residual NSP in vaccinates.     

A microplate enzyme immunoassay for detecting and measuring antibodies to Babesia bovis in cattle serum

A microplate enzyme immunoassay (EIA) is described for measuring IgG antibody to Babesia bovis in cattle serum. B. Bovis antibody status (whether positive or negative) and the amount of B. Bovis antibody (EIA score), were measured by comparison with reference serums. The EIA was shown to be specific for B. Bovis, and EIA score correlated well with EIA titre. Comparison of EIA with the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT) showed more than 95% agreement between the methods and disagreement in only 1.6% of serum samples tested. The remaining 3.2% were positive by EIA and suspected positive by IFAT. The EIA was shown, by titrating positive serums, to be more sensitive than IFAT, which explained its tendency to detect more positive serums than IFAT. EIA detected B. bovis antibody in experimentally infected cattle by day 14 post infection (pi) and for at least 268 days pi. EIA score for B. bovis antibody in immune cattle increased significantly (p less than 0.05) following heterologous strain challenge.     

狂犬病病毒中和抗体ELISA技术的建立

将狂犬病病毒(RV)糖蛋白(G蛋白)中和抗原表位串联表达的重组蛋白作为抗原,建立了检测RV中和抗体的间接ELISA技术。结果表明,最佳抗原包被量为2μg/孔,被检血清最佳稀释倍数为1:200。该方法与快速荧光灶抑制试验(RFFIT)的阳性符合率为88%,阴性符合率为96%。特异性试验表明,该抗原不与犬腺病毒I型、犬细小病毒、犬瘟热病毒、犬副流感病毒和犬冠状病毒阳性血清发生交叉反应,具有良好的特异性。板内和板间重复性试验的平均变异系数分别为2.7%和4.2%,具有良好的重复性,为动物RV中和抗体检测提供了简单快捷的检测方法。     

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of equine infectious anemia

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was elaborated for the detection of specific antibody to equine infectious anemia (EIA) antigen. Sera from horses experimentally infected with EIA virus were assayed by ELISA, complement fixation (CF) and immunodiffusion (ID) tests for antibody to EIA antigen. The ELISA technique was found to be much more sensitive than CF and ID tests. In addition, EIA specific antibody could be detected by ELISA at an earlier stage of infection than by CF or ID techniques. The applicability of the technique to diagnosis of EIA is discussed.     

Comparison of a commercial H1N1 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and hemagglutination inhibition test in detecting serum antibody against swine influenza viruses.

Recently a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for detecting antibody against H1N1 swine influenza virus (SIV) has been made available to diagnosticians and veterinary practitioners. Because the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test has been considered the standard test for SIV serology, diagnostic performance of the new ELISA was evaluated using positive (n = 60) and negative (n = 188) serum samples from young pigs with known status of SIV infection and compared with that of the HI test. Both ELISA and HI test identified all negative animals correctly. None of the serum samples (n = 64) from pigs inoculated with H3N2 SIV was positive by ELISA for SIV antibody. The H1N1 SIV antibody detectable by ELISA appears to develop more slowly in comparison with antibody detectable by HI test. Although antibody was detected by HI test in all inoculated animals (n = 20) by day 7 postinoculation (PI), antibody was detected by ELISA in 0%, 75%, and 100% of the inoculated animals on days 7, 14, and 28 PI, respectively. Discrepancy in test results between the 2 serologic tests appeared to be because of differences in antibody isotypes detected by each test. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay mainly detected IgG antibody, whereas the HI test detects IgM antibody very efficiently as well as IgG antibody. Collectively, the commercial ELISA is highly specific for antibody to H1N1 SIV but may not identify positive animals at the early stage of infection as effectively as the HI test, particularly when SIV is introduced to a na?ve swine population.     

狂犬病毒G蛋白原核表达及间接ELISA检测方法的建立

目前狂犬病疫苗的效力检验采用NIH法,需要使用狂犬病毒强毒株进行攻毒试验,具有一定的生物安全风险。为建立检测小鼠血清抗体效价的间接ELISA方法,代替NIH法中的脑内攻毒试验,扩增狂犬病毒（RV）G蛋白基因,并将其克隆至大肠杆菌pET-32a载体上进行表达。以该蛋白作包被抗原,摸索试验条件,建立检测小鼠血清抗体效价的间接ELISA方法。使用此方法与国际公认的荧光抗体病毒中和试验（FAVN）法比较,两者检测结果曲线相关系数为0.986,表明两者相关性较好,但ELSIA方法更加快捷、简便。本试验建立的间接ELISA方法可用于检测小鼠血清中狂犬病抗体,为狂犬病疫苗效力检验替代方法的建立提供了基础。