鸡源致病性大肠杆菌血清型鉴定及耐药性分析

为了了解山东、河北和河南等省部分地区养殖场鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性,试验采用细菌分离和生化鉴定方法对鸡大肠杆菌进行分离和鉴定,通过动物试验确定分离大肠杆菌的致病性,应用血清学方法和药敏试验对致病性大肠杆菌的血清型及耐药性进行研究。结果表明:分离鉴定的119株大肠杆菌中致病性菌株有110株,其中92株致病性菌株能够定型,分别属于15个血清型,有5株出现交叉凝集,O14、O35、O1、O2、O78、O88为优势血清型;分离鉴定的致病性大肠杆菌对环丙沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢哌酮等最敏感,对林可霉素、头孢克肟、卡那霉素、庆大霉素、红霉素的耐药率达60%以上。说明分离的致病性大肠杆菌血清型存在复杂性,对大部分临床常用药物产生了不同程度的耐药。     

鸡致病性大肠杆菌的分离及鉴定

鸡大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型大肠杆菌(E.coli)引起的不同类型的原发性或继发性疫病〔1〕。该病在卫生条件差、饲养管理不良的鸡场,可造成严重的经济损失,是危害养鸡业最重要的细菌性传染病之一〔2〕。目前我国已分离到的鸡致病性大肠杆菌血清型有48个,各地分离到的菌株的血清型不尽相同,鸡源大肠杆菌(E.coli)常见的致病性血清型是O1、O2、O35和O78〔3〕,国内外亦有一些血清型的报道〔4〕,但在不同发病地区或鸡场也有其它血清型为优势致病性血清型。为摸清鸡大肠杆菌病在山东、河北等主要养鸡地区的流行情况及病原血清型,我们通过对山东滨…     

锦州地区鸡源大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

为了摸清锦州地区鸡源大肠杆菌的血清型,为防治工作提供依据,选取锦州市5个县区13个鸡场78只临床诊断为大肠杆菌病的病鸡,通过细菌分离培养、生化试验、致病性试验、血清学试验进行鉴定。结果显示:共分离到55株大肠杆菌,分离率达70.51%;其中有41株为致病性菌株,占分离菌总数的74.55%;致病性大肠杆菌血清型有11种,未定型2种,其中优势血清型为O78、O1、O23、O2。     

鸡源致病性大肠杆菌的耐药基因PCR检测

鸡大肠杆菌病是由大肠埃希氏杆菌(Escherichiacoli,E.coli)某些血清型菌株所引起的一类疾病的总称,是危害养鸡业主要细菌性疾病。大肠杆菌血清型众多,且易产生耐药性。鸡致病性大肠杆菌的耐药性与本身携带的耐药基因具有一定的相关性。本实验临床分离5株鸡致病性大肠杆菌,用PCR方法对其四环素类药物的耐药基因tetA和tetB分布进行了检测,结果显示,临床分离5株鸡致病性大肠杆菌均携带检四环素类药物的耐药基因tetA和tetB检出率均为100%,因此,证实了说明临床分离5株鸡致病性大肠杆菌对四环素类药物存在很强的耐药性。     

辽宁省禽大肠杆菌血清型分布与大肠杆菌病防治措施研究

以病原菌分离、血清型鉴定及本动物致病性试验对流行于辽宁省致病性禽大肠埃希氏菌的血清型分布、致病性以及用蜂胶苗防治该病进行了研究。2001至2005年从14市的病死禽和死胚中分离出大肠杆菌226株,定型105株,其中078型占29．52％（31／105）;0109型占10．48％（11／105）。结果证明078、0109血清型是流行于本省致病性禽大肠埃希氏菌的绝对优势血清型。致病性试验研究证明,0109型菌对鸡的致病性强于01、02、078居第一位。用2001年分离的优势菌株的11个血清型大肠杆菌蜂胶苗和大肠杆菌新城疫二联蜂胶苗对鸡免疫,从2005年分离的优势菌株中选078、0109、01、0142、093型菌分别以致死量进行攻毒,保护率均达100％。免疫鸡与发病鸡同居感染试验,100％健康存活。     

鸡源大肠杆菌某些生物学特性与致病力相关性研究

对陕西省主要养鸡地区病死鸡及死胚中分离的92株致病性大肠杆菌和12株非致病性大肠杆菌进行某些生物学特性与致病力相关性研究，其中包括血清型、溶血性，刚果红表型，盐凝集性，血凝性，D－甘露糖血凝抑制和科体抗性。结果表明大肠杆菌的致病力与血清型和溶血性无关，而与刚果红表型、盐凝集性和补体抗性呈明显正相关，可作为大肠杆菌致病力有无判定的实验室初步检测方法。     

山西省麻花鸡致病性大肠杆菌的分离与鉴定

为了弄清山西省麻花鸡大肠杆菌病的血清型，为有效防治奠定基础，我们进行了致病性大肠杆菌的分离和鉴定。     

山东省鸡致病性大肠杆菌的分离鉴定

<正>鸡的大肠杆菌病是由某些血清型的大肠杆菌引起的一类疾病,随着养鸡业的集约化发展,该病的传播越来越严重,对养鸡业造成的经济损失巨大。为明确本省致病性大肠杆菌的血清型、有针对性地研究预防和治疗鸡大肠杆菌病的药物和方法,对山东省鸡致病性大肠杆菌进行了分离和鉴定。1材料与方法1.1病料及分型血清病料采自山东省德州市兽医站禽病门诊、淄博市兽医站禽病门诊、沂水县兽医站禽病门诊,胶州市、莱州市、临朐县等多个肉鸡     

鸡肠炎型大肠杆菌病诊断及治疗

鸡肠炎型大肠杆菌是由致病性大肠杆菌感染引起以腹泻为主要症状的细菌性传染性疾病。临床上由于大肠杆菌存在很多血清型,且不同血清型间的致病性存在一定差异,鸡感染大肠杆菌后如果大肠杆菌的血清型致病能力较低,通常不会发病。但当致病性大肠杆菌侵袭同时伴随鸡群身体抵抗能力下降时,该种致病菌就会大量繁殖,产生大量毒素。该文结合一起病例,分析了鸡肠炎型大肠杆菌病的诊断和治疗过程。     

致病性鸡大肠杆菌血清型鉴定及多价灭活苗的研制

从新乡市不同鸡场采集大肠杆菌的病料88株,经过分离鉴定,确定出56株为致病性鸡大肠杆菌,血清型分别是O1,O2,O5,O35,O78,O111,其中O1,O2,O78,O111为主要的血清型。将所分离的6种血清型大肠杆菌制成多价灭活苗,接种雏鸡,使实验鸡获得了免疫保护。     

60株大肠杆菌的分离与致病性鉴定

大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli,E.coli)是鸡肠道常在菌,部分菌株具有致病性。鸡大肠杆菌病就是由大肠杆菌中的某些致病性菌株引起的鸡感染性疾病。致病性大肠杆菌均携带毒力岛基因ChuA。为鉴定分离自临床病例的鸡大肠杆菌的致病性,本试验采用PCR法检测ChuA基因进行分子生物学鉴定,60株大肠杆菌中有31株属于致病性大肠杆菌,总阳性率为51.67%。     

仔猪腹泻致病性大肠杆菌分型鉴定及耐药性分析

为了解贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌流行情况及耐药性变化,本研究运用凝集试验、PCR和药敏纸片琼脂扩散法等方法对分离的78株致病性大肠杆菌进行血清型、毒力基因及耐药性分析。结果显示,78株致病性大肠杆菌以O138、O87血清型为主,占定型菌株的60.8%;其中62株致病性大肠杆菌检出毒力基因,检出率为79.5%,可分为8种毒力基因类型,分属肠致病性大肠杆菌（EPEC）、肠产毒性大肠杆菌（ETEC）和肠聚集性大肠杆菌（EAEC）,毒力基因eaeA、elt和escV检出率较高,分别为38.5%、28.2%和21.8%;分离到的致病性大肠杆菌对β-内酰胺类药物高度耐药,均为多重耐药株,耐药种类可达8种以上。结果表明,当前贵州省规模化养猪场腹泻仔猪致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因检出率较高且基因型复杂,耐药性严重。本试验结果可为规模化养猪场防控仔猪腹泻提供基础资料及理论依据。     

猪致病性大肠杆菌O9菌蜕的制备及免疫保护力

通过PCR方法克隆噬菌体PhiXl74的融菌基因E,将其与温控表达载体pBV220连接,成功构建温控融菌表达盒,设计扩增温控表达盒的2对引物,使其5′端分别与lacZ基因敲除基因的首尾50bp基因同源,使用Red系统同源重组,使用麦康凯平板筛选、PCR鉴定白色菌落,温控诱导融菌蛋白的表达,制备大肠杆菌O9的菌影,并对其融菌效率及免疫保护力进行了初步研究。结果显示,成功构建了温控融菌表达盒,经同源重组成功获得猪致病性大肠杆菌O9温控融菌株,温控表达溶菌蛋白能够成功抑制细菌的增殖,并使活菌数下降3个指数,对小鼠安全性好,皮下免疫组攻毒保护率达到71.43%。     

河西走廊地区犊牛腹泻致病性大肠杆菌分离鉴定、毒力因子及耐药性检测

[目的]为了分析河西走廊地区犊牛腹泻致病性大肠杆菌携带毒力基因和耐药性情况,[方法]2020—2021年在河西走廊地区采集患腹泻病犊牛的粪便、肛拭子及肝脏等病料组织279份,采用人工感染试验动物、PCR方法和K-B药敏纸片法分别检测犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌致病性、毒力因子和耐药性。[结果]结果表明,分离得到了126株大肠杆菌,其中79株犊牛腹泻性大肠杆菌能引起小鼠死亡;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌的毒力基因crl、irp2、fimH、papC、K88、K99、stx1、stx2检测率在40.5%～100%之间,其他毒力基因检测率在15.2%～34.2%之间;分离的79株致病性大肠杆菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林、新霉素等8种药物的耐药率在49.4%～96.2%之间,对其他药物的耐药率在5.1%～32.9%之间。[结论]从河西走廊地区患腹泻病犊牛病料组织中分离得到79株致病性大肠杆菌,这些菌株携带多种毒力基因,对临床中常用的抗菌药物产生了耐药性。     

Detection of High Pathogenicity Island(HPI) in Pathogenic Escherichia coli of Mink by PCR

[Objective] The paper was to analyze the carrying status of high pathogenicity island(HPI) in pathogenic Escherichia coli of mink.[Method] Eight strains of E. coli were isolated from dead mink, and conducted pathogenicity test of artificial infection. The carrying status of HPI(irp2, fyu A) was detected by PCR. [Result] Eight strains of E. coli were pathogenic E. coli, and the carrying rate of HPI(irp2, fyu A) was 100%,positively correlated with the pathogenicity. [Conclusion] The results lay a foundation for further exploring the pathogenic mechanism of E. coli..     

旧院黑鸡致病性大肠杆菌的分离与药敏试验

从患病死亡的旧院黑鸡病料中分离纯化得到一株细菌,经染色镜检、生化试验和动物致病性试验,最终鉴定为致病性大肠杆菌。选用临床常用的12种抗生素对该菌株进行了药敏试验．结果显示该菌对庆大霉素、阿米卡星、氟苯尼考敏感;对氨苄西林／克拉维酸、卡那霉素、环丙沙星中敏;对氨苄西林、链霉素等耐药。     

Development of post-weaning diarrhoea in piglets. Relation to presence of Escherichia coli strains and rotavirus

Weaning of piglets complicated with an exposure to pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli was scrutinized in two sets. The first set comprised 20 animals representing two litters and the second set included 30 animals from five litters. The piglets were either left as controls or exposed to one or three pathogenic strains of E. coli. Aiming to simulate a natural exposure the challenge strains were spread on the floor of the pens at weaning. In addition the pigs experienced several non-infectious stress factors commonly occurring at that occasion. Some groups were given adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), aiming to simulate a stressful weaning. The balance and the composition of the faecal coliform populations, measured by a metabolic fingerprinting method, was disturbed among all animals following weaning. This disturbance was more pronounced and lasted longer among piglets exposed to pathogenic strains of E. coli. All piglets exposed to pathogenic E. coli shed these strains in faeces. Diarrhoea was induced in the groups exposed to E. coli, but not among the control animals. Pigs not treated with ACTH and subjected to a single pathogenic strain of E. coli became infected but did not develop diarrhoea unless if coinciding with shed of rotavirus. Control pigs excreting rotavirus had no diarrhoea. Diarrhoea was most frequent in the groups exposed to three pathogenic strains of E. coli, and in these groups diarrhoea was seen in the absence of rotavirus. ACTH administration amplified the clinical signs. The litter of origin influenced the development of post-weaning diarrhoea.     

Identification of a new Escherichia coli She haemolysin homolog in avian E. coli

Haemolysin is one type of virulence factor that assists in the pathogenesis of Escherichia coli. Currently, hemolytic activity in E. coli has been attributed to haemolysin genes found in either uropathogenic or enterohemorrhagic E. coli. Both haemolysins are classified as RTX toxins because they both have repeats in toxin domains and share similar operon organization, sequence homology, and mechanisms of action. Haemolytic avian E. coli isolates, however, lack either E. coli haemolysin gene. To investigate the avian E. coli haemolysin, a genomic library was made from an avian pathogenic E. coli. A haemolytic clone that was isolated was shown to contain homology with sheA, an E. coli K- 12 gene which causes haemolysis when present in high copy number. The cloned haemolysin gene, hlyE, lacked the conserved amino acid sequence and accessory genes common to all RTX toxins. DNA hybridizations and polymerase chain reaction amplifications showed that the nucleotide sequences homologous to hlyE were not present in a collection of three O157: H7 E. coli, five haemolytic canine uropathogenic E. coli, one haemolytic O26 E. coli, and three haemolytic avian pathogenic E. coli. Thus we have identified a new E. coli haemolysin distinct from the RTX haemolysins and have shown that some avian pathogenic E. coli possess a haemolysin with no apparent homology to hlyE or RTX haemolysins.     

Differentiation of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from poultry

Twenty-one isolates of Escherichia coli recovered from chickens and turkeys were evaluated for pathogenicity in 1-week-old chicks. Fifteen produced coli-septicemia (pathogenic) and six were innocuous (nonpathogenic). Both pathogenic and nonpathogenic E. coli were tested for their ability to selectively absorb Congo red (CR) dye incorporated into agar medium. Eight of 15 pathogenic E. coli (somatic antigen types O1, O78, O11, O88, and OX9) absorbed the dye and produced red colonies (CR+) between 48 to 72 hours of incubation. All serotypes of E. coli with homologous somatic antigen O78 were CR+, while those of O2 antigen were CR- (white colonies). Five of six nonpathogenic E. coli also were CR+. In contrast to pathogenic E. coli, however, nonpathogenic isolates absorbed CR early, between 18 to 24 hours of incubation. Although CR dye binding did not correlate well with pathogenicity, it may be an identifiable property of some serotypes of E. coli.     

鸡源大肠埃希氏菌部分生物学特性研究

对从天津地区分离到的71株鸡大肠杆菌的部分生物学特性包括致病性、血清型、耐药特性和免疫原性等进行了研究。结果表明其中60株为致病性菌株,占分离菌株的84.5%;60个致病性菌株共定型出45个菌株,分属O1、O2、O5、O6、O20、O45、O53、O74、O75、O78、O88、O89、O92、O107、O111、O145等16个血清型,其中O78、O88、O2、O45、O53和O145为优势血清型,占定型菌株的73.4%;试验菌株具有广泛的耐药性,60个致病性菌株均为多重耐药。免疫原性测定试验结果表明,O2、O78、O88血清型菌株均可对相同血清型菌株提供很好的保护,但3个血清型菌株之间缺乏有效的保护。