贵德县引种鲁梅克斯K—1杂交酸模初报

鲁梅克斯K—1杂交酸模是目前产草量和蛋白质含量最高的饲草品种之一,对各类家畜均有很好的适口性。贵德县1998年引种鲁梅克斯K—1杂交酸模,生长50天,平均自然高度达到38．30±2．41cm;叶片平均长度为40．33±2．50cm;平均宽度12．00±3．27cm;主根系长度15～30cm;折合每公顷鲜草产量2．18万kg。     

新型高产牧草鲁梅克斯引种栽培试验

通过在不同海拔高度设置4个点3个组的对比试验结果为：海拔400m以下A组年干均产鲁梅克斯鲜草128814.3kg/hm^2，B组均产107308．5kg/hm^2；海拔600-700的A组年平均产鲁梅克斯121310.6kg/hm^2，B组年平均产107558．6kg/hm^2；海拔400-500m的C组年均产125312．6kg/hm^2。鲁梅克斯第1年种植均是3次测产，牧草生长良好。其产草量均高于我区其他牧草产量。该牧草引种栽培试验成功，将为西部大开发，退耕还草，大面积推种植，改善生态环境，解决畜禽饲料，推动畜牧业的大发展起到重要作用。     

大通县脑山地区燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播技术试验推广结果

大通县脑山地区燕麦与箭豌豆混播试验推广结果表明 :每公顷产鲜草 63835kg ,其中箭豌豆鲜草量占总产量的 39.94% ,比单播燕麦 (平均产鲜草 60 0 0 0kg hm2 )增产 6.39% ,比单播箭豌豆 (平均产鲜草 4941 0kg hm2 )增产 2 9.2 % ;燕麦株高增长 5cm ,箭豌豆株茎增长 34.5cm。     

互助县燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播技术试验推广研究

互助县燕麦与箭筈豌豆混播试验推广结果表明,每公顷产鲜草64．01t,其中箭筈豌豆鲜草量占总产量的40．56％,比单播燕麦（平均产鲜草58．5t／hm^2）增产9．41％,比单播箭筈豌豆（平均产鲜草49．41/hm^2）增产29．55％;燕麦株高增长5．9cm,箭筈豌豆株茎增长34．1cm。     

新型商产牧草鲁梅克斯引种栽培试验

通过在不同海拔高度设置4个点3个组的对比试验结果为:海拔400m以下A组年平均产鲁梅克斯鲜草128814.3kg/hm~2,B组均产107308.5kg/hm~2;海拔600～700m的A组年平均产鲁梅克斯121310.6kg/hm~2,B组年平均产107558.6kg/hm~2;海拔400～500m的C组年均产125312.6kg/hm~2。鲁梅克斯第1年种植均是3次测产,牧草生长良好。其产草量均高于我区其他牧草产量。该牧草引种栽培试验成功,将为西部大开发,退耕还草,大面积推广种植,改善生态环境,解决畜禽饲料,推动畜牧业的大发展起到重要作用。     

饲用杂交高粱和苏丹草饲喂草鱼研究

在高温高湿条件下，饲用杂交高粱和苏丹草长势良好，饲用杂交 高粱在株高1.0-1.5m高时鲜草产量可达37500kg/hm^2，茎叶比为1：0.92，可利用产量为17767.5kg/hm^2。苏丹草鲜草产量为18500kg/hm^2，茎叶比为1：0.40，可利用鲜草产量7400kg/hm^2。草鱼对饲用杂交高粱和苏丹草的采食率分别为36.56%和34.52%，摄食量分别为6.14g/天条和6.45g/天条，试验证明HCN对草鱼无毒副作用，其含量随着生长高度的增加而下降。     

科尔沁沙地扁蓿豆生物量研究

扁蓿豆在科尔沁沙地生长良好，播种当年即能形成种子，返青至成熟约需≥10℃积温2800℃，生育期约130d，生长第二年地上生物量鲜草可达14882．44kg/hm^2，干草达6101．80kg／hm^2，种子为516．26kg／hm^2。叶、细枝丰富，茎叶比为1：0．79。再生性较好，但早利用比晚利用总产减少约40．18％。地下生物量较多，播种当年根系入土深度达80cm，第二年可达120cm，并分化出明显的粗根、中根、细根。     

红三叶引种试验研究初报

2001￣2003年,在岷县寺沟乡奔直寺对美国红三叶、加拿大红三叶、岷山红三叶进行引种对比试验。结果表明:岷山红三叶比美国红三叶生育期短35d、比加拿大红三叶生育期短45d;现蕾期平均株高:岷山红三叶为95.8cm,比美国红三叶(株高90.4cm)高5.4cm、比加拿大红三叶(株高90.1cm)高5.7 cm;全年鲜草产量:岷山红三叶为70 995kg/hm 2,比美国红三叶(53970kg/hm 2)高17025 kg/hm2,是美国红三叶鲜草产量的1.32倍;比加拿大红三叶(41475kg/hm 2)高29520kg/hm 2,是加拿大红三叶鲜草产量的1.71倍,差异极显著(p<0.01)。说明岷山红三叶更适宜在高寒阴湿地区种植。     

红三叶引种试验研究初报

2001～2003年,在岷县寺沟乡奔直寺对美国红三叶、加拿大红三叶、岷山红三叶进行引种对比试验.结果表明岷山红三叶比美国红三叶生育期短35 d、比加拿大红三叶生育期短45 d;现蕾期平均株高岷山红三叶为95.8 cm,比美国红三叶(株高90.4 cm)高5.4 cm、比加拿大红三叶(株高90.1 cm)高5.7 cm;全年鲜草产量岷山红三叶为70 995 kg/hm2,比美国红三叶(53 970 kg/m2)高17 025 kg/hm2,是美国红三叶鲜草产量的1.32倍;比加拿大红三叶(41 475 kg/hm2)高29 520 kg/hm2,是加拿大红三叶鲜草产量的1.71倍,差异极显著(p＜0.01).说明岷山红三叶更适宜在高寒阴湿地区种植.     

贵南县禾豆混播及牧草产量测定

贵南县森多乡地格滩地区燕麦 箭菩豌豆混播。试验结果表明，按12．5：5比例的混播牧草每公顷产鲜草31301．55kg，燕麦株高100cm，箭菩豌豆株高58．7cm；比第一小组(12．5：3)增产8．5％，燕麦株高增加1．5cm，箭菩豌豆株高增加8．4cm；比第二小组(10：5)增产8．87％，燕麦株高增加1．7cm,箭菩豌豆株高增加0．7cm。     

蛋氨酸螯合锌的制备及其对蛋鹑生产性能的影响

本文介绍了蛋氨酸螯合锌的制备方法及其对蛋鹑生产性能的影响。试验结果表明 :获得蛋氨酸螯合锌的最佳条件为 :反应液蛋氨酸浓度为 6.1 2 % ,p H值为 5。运用自制的蛋氨酸螯合锌饲喂蛋鹑 ,将 66只蛋鹑随机分成 3组 ,每组基础日粮相同 , 、 组为试验组 ,分别添加0 .0 2 %的蛋氨酸螯合锌 +0 .0 2 %硫酸锌 ,0 .0 4 %蛋氨酸螯合锌。 组为对照组 ,添加 0 .0 4 %硫酸锌。试验结果表明 :各试验组与对照组相比 ,总产蛋数、总产蛋重及料蛋比均差异显著 (P<0 .0 5) ,平均蛋重及蛋中概略养分各试验组与对照组相比差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5)。     

Ontogenesis of mRNA levels and binding sites of hepatic alpha-adrenoceptors in young cattle

Catecholamines affect hepatic glucose production through (alpha- and beta2-) adrenoceptors (AR). We studied mRNA abundance and binding of hepatic alpha-AR in pre-term (P0) calves and in full-term calves at day 0 (F0), day 5 (F5) and day 159 (F159) to test the hypothesis that gene expression and numbers of hepatic alpha-AR in calves are influenced by age and associated with beta2-AR and selected traits of glucose metabolism. mRNA levels of alpha1- and alpha2-AR were measured by real time RT-PCR. alpha1- and alpha2-AR numbers (maximal binding, Bmax) were determined by saturation binding of (3H)-prazosin and (3H)-RX821002, respectively. alpha1- and alpha2-AR subtypes were evaluated by competitive binding. alpha1A-AR mRNA levels were lower in P0 than in F0, F5 and F159 and alpha(2AD)-AR mRNA levels were lower in F159 than in P0, F0 and F5, while alpha2C-AR mRNA levels increased from P0 and F0 to F5 and F159. Bmax of alpha1-AR increased from P0 to F5, then decreased in F159. Bmax of alpha2-AR decreased from F0 to F159. Bmax of alpha1-AR was positively associated with mRNA levels of alpha1A-AR (r = 0.7), Bmax of beta2-AR (r = 0.5) and negatively with hepatic glycogen content (r = -0.6). Bmax of alpha2-AR was negatively associated with Bmax of beta2-AR (r = -0.4). In conclusion, mRNA levels and binding sites of alpha1- and alpha2-AR in calves exhibited developmental changes and were negatively associated with hepatic glycogen content.     

规模化猪场猪圆环病毒2型感染的流行病学调查

20 0 1年 11月至 2 0 0 2年 8月 ,对北京、天津、广东、深圳、山东、山西等地 12个规模化猪场猪圆环病毒 2型 (PCV2 )感染发病群猪进行了临床发病情况调查 ,并采用 PCR方法对所收集的 5 5份组织病料进行 PCV2的检测 ,结果表明 ,12个猪场中有 11个猪场发病猪群表现为断奶后多系统衰竭综合征 ,1个猪场表现为皮炎和肾病综合征。由此可见 ,PCV2感染在我国规模化猪场已普遍存在     

内蒙古库布齐沙地土壤蛋白酶初步研究

用Folin-Ciocalteu比色法对库布齐沙地不同生境下土壤蛋白酶活性进行了测定,结果表明：在流动沙地中,土壤蛋白酶活性的季节变化为夏季＞春季＞秋季＞冬季,垂直变化为10～20 cm＞2～5 cm＞5～10 cm＞0～2 cm。在半固定和固定沙地中,土壤蛋白酶活性的季节变化为夏季＞秋季＞春季＞冬季,垂直变化为0～2 cm＞2～5 cm＞5～10 cm＞10～20 cm。在半固定沙地中无结皮类型的土壤蛋白酶活性大于藻结皮类型,在固定沙地中藓结皮类型土壤蛋白酶活性＞藻结皮类型＞无结皮类型。     

外源激素与磷素配施对老芒麦生长特性及营养品质的影响

以来自青藏高原高寒草地野生老芒麦（Elymus sibiricus L.）种子为试验材料,采用营养砂培法,研究了根部施用不同体积（0,3,5,7,10 mL）磷素（NaH₂PO₄,200 g·L^-1）溶液搭配叶面喷施不同体积（10,7,5,3,0 mL）外源激素6-苄氨基嘌呤（6-BA,20 mg·L^-1）和吲哚乙酸（IAA,30 mg·L^-1）对老芒麦生长特性及营养品质的影响,旨在为外源激素和磷素的互作效应以及老芒麦人工草地建植技术提供理论依据。试验结果表明：在7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL 6-BA（PB7+3）和7 mL NaH₂PO₄+3 mL IAA（PI7+3）处理下,地上干重较对照分别增加33%和26%;粗蛋白含量在10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL 6-BA（PB10+0）、10 mL NaH₂PO₄+0 mL IAA（PI10+0）处理下较对照各增加了24%;酸性洗涤纤维（ADF）含量在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL IAA（PI5+5）处理下较对照降低了4%,老芒麦磷含量在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA（PB5+5）和3 mL NaH₂PO₄+7 mL IAA（PI3+7）处理下较对照分别增加了46%和50%。经灰色关联度对地上干重和营养品质综合分析表明,P素与6-BA和IAA配施可以提高老芒麦生长特性和营养品质,其中在5 mL NaH₂PO₄+5 mL 6-BA（PB5+5）处理下配施效果较佳,本试验结果可为外源激素和磷素的互作效应以及老芒麦人工草地建植技术提供理论依据。     

NAS制剂在体外对H5N1、H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的杀灭效果研究

采用Klein—Defors悬浮杀灭方法,考察了那氏（NAS）制剂对H5N1和H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的杀灭效果。将不同浓度的NAS制剂药物组与利巴韦林药物对照组与H5N1亚型和H9N2亚型病毒各分别混合10min和30min。后10倍递进稀释成10个稀释度,接种鸡胚尿囊腔。培养一定时间后采集尿囊液进行血凝试验（HA）,计算NAS制剂对两种亚型禽流感病毒在不同时间的杀灭率。结果表明,以1：40、1：80、1：160、1：320、1：640的稀释浓度与10^7-63 EID50禽流感H5N1亚型病毒液作用10min,病毒杀灭率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min杀灭病毒率分别为100％、99．99％、99．43％、0、0。与10^0.17 EID50 H9N2亚型禽流感病毒液作用10min,其杀灭病毒率分别为99．99％、99．99％、32．39％、0、0;作用30min病毒杀灭率分别为100％、99．99％、90％、0、0。提示NAS制剂对这两种病毒都有较好的杀灭作用,而且杀灭效果与时间有关。     

Effect of subluteal concentrations of progesterone on luteinizing hormone and ovulation in lactating dairy cows

Two experiments were conducted to determine if administration of progesterone within a low, subluteal range (0.1-1.0 ng/mL) blocks the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge (experiments 1 and 2) and ovulation (experiment 2) in lactating dairy cows. In experiment 1, progesterone was administered to cycling, lactating dairy cows during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle using a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) device. CIDRs were pre-incubated in other cows for either 0 (CIDR-0), 14 (CIDR-14) or 28 days (CIDR-28). One group of cows received no CIDRs and served as controls. One day after CIDR insertion, luteolysis was induced by two injections of prostaglandin (PG) F(2alpha) (25 mg) at 12 h intervals. Two days after the first injection, estradiol cypionate (ECP; 3 mg) was injected to induce a LH surge. Concentrations of progesterone after luteolysis were 0.11, 0.45, 0.78 and 1.20 ng/mL for cows treated with no CIDR, CIDR-28, CIDR-14, and CIDR-0, respectively. LH surges were detected in 4/4 controls, 4/5 CIDR-28, 2/5 CIDR-14 and 0/5 CIDR-0 cows following ECP. In experiment 2, progesterone was administered to cycling, lactating, Holstein cows during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle as in experiment 1. Luteolysis was induced as in experiment 1. The occurrence of an endogenous LH surge and ovulation were monitored for 7 days. Concentrations of progesterone after luteolysis were 0.13, 0.30, 0.70 and 1.20 ng/mL for cows treated with no CIDR, CIDR-28, CIDR-14 and CIDR-0, respectively. LH surges and ovulation were detected in 5/5 controls, 3/7 CIDR-28, 0/5 CIDR-14 and 0/5 CIDR-0 cows. It was concluded that low concentrations of progesterone can reduce the ability of either endogenous or exogenous estradiol to induce a preovulatory surge of LH and ovulation.     

2009—201O年新疆地区家禽禽流感免疫抗体监测与分析

2009--2010年,对新疆部分地区蛋鸡、肉鸡、家养水禽的养殖场随机采集血清样品10193份,活禽市场采集血清样品1620份。用HI方法对禽流感免疫抗体进行检测,结果表明：蛋鸡的H5免疫抗体合格率为33．33％～100％,其中0效价率为33．33%-80．00％;H9免疫抗体合格率为62．4%-100％,20%-33％蛋鸡场存在100％的0效价现象。肉鸡H5免疫抗体合格率为0％-100％,其中7．69%-69．6％肉鸡群中H5抗体0效价率为100％。水禽的H5免疫抗体合格率为0%-100％,有25％33．33％鸭群全部是0效价。活禽市场H5抗体效价≥410g2的比例为10．59％-83．57％,H9抗体效价至410醇的比例21．70％-67．14％。     

An assessment of the optimal range of dietary sodium for inducing a pause in laying.

Laying hens were fed on a diet containing 0-9 g sodium/kg until 34 weeks of age, then groups were fed on diets containing 0-2, 0-3,0-4, 0-5, 0-6 or 0-9 g sodium/kg for 16 weeks before that containing 0-9 g sodium/kg was reintroduced for all birds. 2. Egg production and food consumption were depressed by the low-sodium diets in proportion to the dietary sodium content. 3. Birds receiving 0-3 to 0-6 g sodium/kg diet lost weight initially but subsequently gained weight; birds receiving 0-2 sodium/kg diet lost weight continouosly. 4. In birds receiving 0-2 g sodium/kg diet, the reproductive organs were completely regressed, whereas these organs resembled those of point-of-lay pullets in birds fed on 0-3 or 0-4 g sodium/kg. 5. When the control diet was reintroduced, birds which had received the low-sodium diets resumed normal egg production and food consumption and regained body weight. 6. The optimal range of dietary sodium for inducing a pause in egg laying is 0-3 to 0-4 g/kg.     

Effect of Post‐Thaw Addition of Seminal Plasma on Motility,Viability and Chromatin Integrity of Cryopreserved Donkey Jack (Equus asinus) Spermatozoa

Pregnancy rates in donkeys after artificial insemination with cryopreserved semen are still low, compared to the horse species. Addition of autologous seminal plasma to frozen‐thawed semen appeared to improve pregnancy rates. The aims of this study were to evaluate (1) sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity after thawing (T0) and after one and 2 h (T1 and T2) of post‐thaw incubation in either 0% (SP0) or 70% (SP70) autologous seminal plasma and (2) sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity and DNA quality (%COMP‐αt) after thawing (T0) and after 2 and 4 h (T2 and T4) of post‐thaw incubation in either 0% (SP0), 5% (SP5) or 20% (SP20) homologous seminal plasma. In experiment 1, seminal plasma decreased total and progressive sperm motility and plasma membrane intact spermatozoa immediately after dilution and at all following time points (p < 0.05). In experiment 2, total and progressive motility did not differ between treatments immediately after dilution and between SP0 and SP5 at T2, while they were lower in both SP5 and SP20 than in SP0 at T4. Plasma membrane intact sperm cells did not differ between SP0 and SP5 and were lower in SP20 at all time points. DNA quality was not affected by treatment immediately after dilution and was significantly worse for SP20 after 4 h of incubation (p < 0.05). The post‐thaw addition of seminal plasma at the tested concentrations did not improve donkey frozen semen characteristics in vitro over time.