农业部公布新版《病死及病害动物无害化处理技术规范》

<正>为进一步规范病死及病害动物和相关动物产品无害化处理操作,防止动物疫病传播扩散,保障动物产品质量安全,近日农业部公布了《病死及病害动物无害化处理技术规范》。规范规定了用焚烧法、化制法、高温法、深埋法、硫酸分解法等物理和化学方法,对病死及病害动物和相关动物产品进行无害化处理     

病死畜禽无害化处理主推技术

病死畜禽的无害化处理要严格按照《病死及死因不明动物处置办法》和《病害动物和病害动物产品生物安全处理规程》（GB 16548-2006）这两个规范进行操作。现阶段,在病死畜禽无害化处理中,应用较多、较成熟的技术主要包括深埋法、焚烧法、堆肥法、化尸窖处理法、化制法、生物降解法等处理方法。     

无害化处理病死畜禽尸体及污物腐化池建造

省际边境动物检疫站,依照法律、法规,在运输环节中执行动物防疫监督检查时,经常检出染疫动物及其排泄物、染疫产品、病死或者死因不明的动物尸体,根据检查结果不同,按《动物防疫法》规定分别采取不同无害化处理措施,无害化处理常用的方法有:高温法、焚烧法、掩埋法、腐尸池(坑)法等。除了感染恶性动物疫病,如炭疸、气肿疽,能形成芽胞的,严禁宰杀或解剖,用焚烧法或深埋法销毁外;其它染疫动物疫病尸体及其排泄物,均可采用腐尸池法销毁。此法快捷简便,不受场地限制,可随时投进,费用低,是一种理想销毁方法。笔者把我站建造无害化腐尸池作如下介…     

强化病死动物无害化处理 促进畜牧产业健康发展

畜牧业现已成为保障民生、促进经济发展的重要产业,做好病死动物无害化处理已经成为保障广大消费者健康的关键环节。本文阐述了病死动物无害化处理方法及其特点,包括：焚烧法、深埋法、发酵法、化制法,结合多年的工作经验,提高了推动病死动物无害化处理的具体建议。     

病死畜禽无害化处理主推技术(一)——病死畜禽无害化处理工艺应用

正一、处理工艺1.概述。目前国内外对病死畜禽进行无害化处理,大体可分为深埋、焚烧、化制、消毒法、生物降解等。(1)深埋法。深埋法是按照规定的操作方法,到当地政府规定地点,在相关部门监督下进行深埋处理。(2)焚烧法。焚烧法是将病死畜禽投入焚化炉或用其他方式烧毁碳化的处理方法。(3)化制法。化制是指将畜禽尸体或其废弃物在高温高压灭菌处理的基础上,再进一步处理的过程(如化制成肥料、肉骨粉和工业用油等),包括湿化法(高温高压饱和蒸     

病死动物无害化处理(深埋)的选址方法

正病死动物的无害化处理方法有焚烧法、化制法、发酵法和深埋法。结合多年经验教训,现将深埋法在选址过程中需要注意的问题分享给大家。(注:以下办法不适用患有炭疽等芽孢杆菌疫病、牛海绵状脑病、痒病的无害化处理。)1选择地势高燥,处于下风向位置地势高燥尸体能迅速发酵腐败,位于下风向不会导致腐败气味随风飘散太远,引起嗅觉上的不适。2距离人口居住区500m以上如果严格按照操作规程进行无害化处理,在500m范围     

病死家禽无害化处理发酵工艺的研究

正国内现阶段针对病死动物无害化处理的方式主要有深埋、焚烧、堆肥、化尸窖、化制等方法。深埋、焚烧等传统无害化处理方法在生物安全性和环境保护方面弊端较多,将会逐步退出病死畜禽无害化处理市场;而堆肥、化制、化尸窖等技术也在实际使用中逐步暴露出处理时间长、不能重复利用、环境污染等诸多缺点,因此,目前较为理想的病死畜禽无害化处理技术是高温生物降解无害化处理法[1,2,3,4]。高温生物降解处理是利用微生物,     

利用微生物发酵技术对病死畜禽进行无害化处理

现阶段,在病死畜禽无害化处理中,应用较多、较成熟的技术主要包括深埋法、焚烧法、堆肥法、化尸窖处理法、化制法、生物降解法等处理方法。近年来,我们结合生产实际,借鉴畜禽养殖发酵床技术的成功经验,探索使用该技术对病死畜禽进行无害化处理。现将技术使用情况总结如下:1技术原理就是将病死畜禽尸体投入到加入益生菌的无害化发酵池内,利用微生物的发酵降解作用,对病     

死畜禽堆肥研究进展

我国每年产生大量的死畜禽,畜禽尸体若处理不当会严重地污染环境,甚至会带来食品安全问题,危害到公共卫生安全。近年来,死亡动物无害化处理问题引起了人们的广泛关注。目前,几种主要的无害化处理方法(深埋法、焚烧法、化制法、化尸窖法、堆肥法和生物发酵法)中,堆肥法和生物降解法优势越来越明显,使用也越来越广。堆肥法作为传统的处理农林固体废物的方法在死畜禽的无害化处理中颇受重视。综述了堆肥法在死畜禽无害化处理中的应用与研究进展,供有关方面参考。     

利用微生物发酵技术进行病死畜禽无害化处理

在病死畜禽无害化处理中,应用较多、较为成熟的技术主要包括深埋法、焚烧法、堆肥法、化尸窖处理法、化制法、生物降解法等。近年来,我们结合生产实际,借鉴畜禽养殖发酵床技术的技术,探索使用该技术对病死畜禽进行无害化处理,取得了满意效果。现将该技术使用情况介绍如下。1技术原理将病死畜禽尸体投入到加入益生菌的无害化发酵池内,利用微生物的发酵降解作用,对病死畜禽尸     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。