中国生猪健康养殖业发展的战略思考

作者在分析生猪健康养殖业发展背景的基础上,以实现动物健康、人类健康、环境健康、产业链健康为目的,从质量保障和价值保障2个方面构建了生猪健康业发展的目标体系及其实现途径,重点从技术体系、组织结构、运行机制、适度规模等方面提出了生猪健康养殖业发展的保障策略。     

猪口蹄疫的发病症状与防控措施

猪口蹄疫是生猪养殖过程中危害较大的一种疾病,具有很强的流行性和传染性,患病猪死亡率极高,严重威胁着生猪养殖业的发展。本文主要从猪口蹄疫的发病原因、发病症状,以及防治防控措施等方面进行了阐述,以期保障我国生猪养殖业的健康发展,减少生猪养殖过程中的经济损失。     

吉林省生猪养殖业竞争力研究

生猪产业是关系国计民生的重要产业,也是畜牧业的支柱产业,而生猪养殖业作为生猪产业的基础,对于生猪产业的发展起着至关重要的作用。文章根据针对性、科学性、完整性和可比性原则,选取12项指标,建立生猪养殖业竞争力评价体系,运用因子分析法对吉林省生猪养殖业从养殖业基础竞争力、成本竞争力、生产竞争力和保障竞争力4个方面对吉林省进行评价,并与其他省份进行比较。结果显示,吉林省养殖业基础竞争力表现不佳,生猪存栏量少是主要原因,并提出提高生猪养殖业规模化,大力推进生猪养殖业的科技进步,提高养殖效率,增强生猪养殖业核心竞争力以及提高生猪生产能力的建议。     

我国生猪保险的相关政策及探索发展

我国推出生猪保险主要是用于保障我国生猪健康发展、减少养殖损失、保证养殖业稳定发展的政策险。生猪保险为养殖群体提供了坚实的后盾,使我们养殖企业在猪病发生、自然灾害、价格波动等方面均有良好地调节作用,防止养殖业受到重大损失,从而有效降低养殖风险。     

新常态现代化规模猪场生物安全体系的建立

受非洲猪瘟等生猪传染病的影响,目前我国生猪价格上涨迅速,对居民的日常生活产生一定影响。新常态下现代化猪场的科学生物安全措施对生猪养殖逐渐实现规范化、科学化、标准化意义重大。基于此,本文从现代化猪场生物安全措施的建立意义、发展现状和解决新措施等三个方面进行探讨,旨在为我国生猪养殖业生物安全体系更加规范的进程中提供借鉴,对生猪健康发展,稳定猪肉价格,确保广大养猪场的切身利益具有指导意义。     

浅谈如何规范生猪屠宰检疫

生猪屠宰检疫是防止动物疫病传播,提高肉品质量,促进养殖业的健康发展,保障养殖业安全生产和人民健康的重要工作。本文针对泾川县生猪屠宰检疫工作中存在的困难和问题,提出了一些对策和建议。     

天津生猪养殖业现状评价、制约因素分析和对策研究——基于天津市面板数据和106户生猪养殖场的调查

生猪养殖业是天津畜牧业的支柱产业,推进生猪养殖业可持续发展对农民就业增收、保障城乡居民营养水平和生态文明建设意义重大。本研究首先在深入调研的基础上,进行天津生猪养殖业发展现状评价,总结发展成效,并指出其存在的主要问题,包括机械化水平参差不齐、管理信息化水平亟待提升、规模化标准化生态化建设任务艰巨、产加销链接不顺及利益失衡问题突出以及高端高效化发展任重道远等;然后从产业技术水平、社会化服务体系、人才缺乏和资源环境约束等方面分析其制约因素;最后从提升产业科技创新水平、完善社会化服务体系、加强人才队伍建设和构建产加销一体化链接合作体系等方面提出天津生猪养殖业可持续发展的对策建议。     

非瘟疫情下的猪场健康养殖建议

自2018年非洲猪瘟疫情暴发以来,国内生猪价格持续高涨,出现了非理性投资猪养殖业的情况。针对上述现状,本文对当前猪养殖投资方面进行分析综述,为保障国内猪养殖业健康发展提供参考。     

基于循环经济的生猪养殖政策

以循环经济为理论基础,结合当前中国生猪养殖业的发展现状,从循环经济角度提出完善生猪养殖业的政策,以推动生猪养殖业的可持续健康发展。     

浅析陕西省汉中市生猪产业链发展存在的问题及思考

本文从生猪产业链的饲料、生猪繁育和屠宰等环节进行调研,在全面了解陕西省汉中市生猪产业发展状况的基础上,分别对产业链建设、养猪场的组织管理、环境污染、规模场建设和地方品种保护等5方面进行分析。基于分析结论,针对性地提出了应从健全生产体系、创新经营体系、建立流配体系、强化技术体系和加大宣传力度等5方面健全本地区生猪产业链,并提出引进龙头企业、培植大型企业探索生猪产业品牌化道路。同时加强多方联合管控,建立标准化制度和体系;提高机构检测条件和水平,提升企业自检能力;稳定防控队伍,提高动物防疫监管能力;提供宽松环境,给养殖项目在产业、环境和资金上提供政策保障。以期努力完善本地生猪产业链各环节管控措施,促进生猪养殖业向规模化、标准化、科学化和品牌化方向发展。     

癸氧喹酯干混悬剂含量测定的改进

采用高效液相色谱法测定癸氧喹酯干混悬剂的含量,在2-250μg/mL范围内,峰面积的常用对数与进样量浓度的常用对数呈良好的线性关系,R^2=1(n=5),平均回收率为99.24%~99.51%,RSD在0.05%~0.28%。此方法分析时间短,样品前处理简便、定量结果准确,重现性好,结果满意,为其质量控制提供了依据。     

猪毛色遗传的研究进展

本文概述了猪的毛色类型、猪的毛色遗传模式,着重综述了猪毛色基因分子基础的研究进展,指出存在问题并就未来发展方向做了思考。     

商会自治的基石——商会自治规范研究

在现代法律秩序中,商会自治规范是制定法的基础和必要的补充,甚至在某些方面替代了制定法;商会自治规范主要包括商会组织规范、行为规范、惩罚规范以及争端解决规范等;其效力仅及于其内部成员;商会自治规范和制定法之间存在冲突,但也存在整合的基础。     

獭兔睾丸的组织学观察

家兔作为一种实验动物 ,推动了繁殖技术的发展。本试验通过对不同年龄公獭兔的睾丸进行组织学观察、测定 ,研究精子的发生规律 ,为系统地进行繁殖生理工作提供依据。1　材料与方法选 60日龄、75日龄、90日龄 3个年龄公獭兔各5只 ,用外科手术法摘取两侧睾丸 ,放入 Bouin氏液中固定 ,二甲苯透明 ,石蜡包埋 ,切成 5～ 8μm切片 ,H.E.染色。在显微镜下观察 ,并进行定量组织学指标测定及差异性比较。2　结果和讨论2 .1　睾丸定量组织学指标的测定结果　见表 1。表 1　獭兔睾丸定量组织学指标　　　μm,个 /精细管60日龄 75日龄 90日龄曲细精管…     

中华人民共和国农业部公告 第267号

为贯彻落实《兽药生产质量管理规范》(简称《兽药GMP》),进一步推动兽药GMP实施进程,我部制定了《兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法》,现予公告。本公告自2003年6月1日起施行。附件:兽药生产质量管理规范检查验收办法二○○三年四月十日第一章 总则 第一条 为推动《兽药生产质量管理规范》(以下简称兽药GMP)的实施,规范兽药GMP检查验收工作,制定本办法。 第二条 农业部负责全国兽药GMP管理和检查验收工作;负责制修订兽药GMP检查验收管理规定;负责兽药GMP检查员队伍建设和监督管理工作,负责国际兽药贸易中GMP互认工作。 …     

鸡败血支原体垂直传播模式及其阻断方法

以国际标准强毒Ｒ株人工感染非免疫产蛋鸡,定时扑杀,分别从鼻窦、眶下孔、气管、肺、气囊、卵巢和输卵管分离ＭＧ,并收集感染鸡所产蛋分离ＭＧ。结果表明,人工感染４８小时后上、下呼吸道及肺已被全面感染,９６小时气囊已被感染,１２０小时输卵管已能分离到ＭＧ,卵巢始终分离不到ＭＧ。人工感染鸡自１４４小时便能在其所产蛋中分离出ＭＧ。药物治疗能在７２小时内消除感染,油乳剂苗则需２４天后逐渐降低蛋内ＭＧ分离率,药物卵内注射、种蛋药浴、高温处理均能杀死卵内ＭＧ,但以研制的种蛋浸泡剂药浴效果为最好。     

Observations of fracture of the anconeal process of the ulna of swine

Fractures of the anconeal process of 5 pigs ranging in age from 4 to 8 months were studied radiographically and histologically. Clinically, animals with a fracture of the anconeal process had a "tight," restricted gait. In pigs at 4.5 months of age, a radiolucent line through the base of the anconeal process was composed of fibrocartilage, fibrous connective tissue, and hyaline cartilage. Subperiosteal proliferation of woven bone was located along the cranial surface of the olecranon, adjacent to the base of the anconeal process. In older animals, the radiolucent line through the anconeal process contained variable amounts of fibrous connective tissue and fibrocartilage. The proliferation of subperiosteal bone at the base of the anconeal process formed a "buttress callus" which retained a radiolucent area between the callus and the proximal surface of the anconeal process. The latter region of radiolucency was continuous with the transversely oriented line that traversed the base of the anconeal process.     

Effects of size of ingestively masticated fragments of plant tissues on kinetics of digestion of NDF

Ingestively masticated fragments were collected and sized via sieving. Different sizes of esophageal masticate and ruminal digesta fragments, and ground fragments of larger masticated pieces were incubated in vitro, and undigested NDF remaining at intervals of up to 168 h of incubation was determined. The ruminal age-dependent time delay (tau) for onset of digestion of NDF was positively correlated (P < 0.004) with the mean sieve aperture estimated to retain 50% of the fragments between successive sieve apertures (MRA). Degradation rate of potentially degradable NDF (PDF) and level of indigestible NDF were not related (P > 0.10) to MRA of masticated and ground fragments. Estimates of tau were positively related to MRA, with slopes of bermudagrass < corn silage < ruminal fragments of corn silage. It was concluded that fragment size-, and consequently, ruminal age-dependent onset of PDF degradation of a mixture of different fragment sizes results in an age-dependent rate of degradation of the more rapidly degrading of two subentities of PDF. Models are proposed that assume a tau before onset of simultaneous degradation of PDF from two pools characterized as having gamma-modeled age-dependency and age-constant rates. The ruminal age-dependent pool seems to be associated with the faster-degrading pool, and its rate parameter increases with range in MRA in the population of fragments. Conceptually, the ruminal age-dependent rate parameter for PDF degradation seems to represent a composite of several effects: 1) effects of the size-dependent tau; 2) range in MRA of the population of ingestively masticated fragments; and 3) subentities of PDF that degrade via more rapid age-dependent rates compared with subentities of PDF that degrade via age-constant rates. The estimated fractional rates of ruminative comminution of ingestively masticated fragments (0.060 to 0.075/h) were of a magnitude similar to the mean fractional rates of PDF digestion (0.030 to 0.085/h), which implies that ruminative comminution may be first-limiting to fractional rate of PDF digestion. The in vivo roles of ingestive and ruminative mastication of fragments on PDF degradation must be considered in any kinetic system for estimating PDF digestion in the rumen. These results and others in the literature suggest that the rate of surface area exposure rather than intrinsic chemical attributes of PDF may be first-limiting to degradation rate of PDF in vivo.     

Comparison of 2 methods of centesis of the bursa of the biceps brachii tendon of horses

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Centesis of the bicipital bursa using an 8.9 cm long spinal needle has been reported but the alternative of employing a 3.8 cm long hypodermic needle requires validation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of 2 different methods of centesis of the bicipital bursa and to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonographic imaging to determine the location of solution administered when centesis of the bursa is attempted. METHODS: For Trial 1, 6 clinicians, who had no previous experience of centesis of the bicipital bursa, attempted to inject a solution composed of an aqueous radiopaque contrast medium and physiological saline solution (PSS) into the bicipital bursae of 2/12 horses using the previously described distal approach to inject one bursa and a proximal approach to inject the contralateral bursa. The bicipital tendon and bursa were examined ultrasonographically before and after injection; and both shoulders were examined radiographically to identify the location of the medium. In Trial 2, another 6 clinicians, also with no previous experience of centesis, repeated Trial 1, using 6 horses, but the radiopaque contrast medium was mixed with air instead of PSS. RESULTS: Accuracy of centesis using the proximal approach was 39% and that of the distal approach 28%. Ultrasonographic examination of the shoulder allowed the location of solution and air to be accurately predicted in all 12 shoulders examined. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who have had no previous experience performing centesis of the bicipital bursa are unlikely to be successful in centesis using either approach. Radiographic examination after injecting a radiopaque contrast medium may be necessary to assess the success of centesis especially if bursal fluid is not obtained during centesis. Injecting air along with the radiopaque contrast medium provides more accurate ultrasonographic confirmation of centesis and better radiographic definition than does injection without air.