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张洁 《上海畜牧兽医通讯》2007,(5):70-71
1特种经济动物的概念及品种介绍特种经济动物是指具有特定经济用途和一定经济价值及不同生物学特性的动物,主要包括珍贵的毛皮动物、药用动物、特种禽类、水产类、部分观赏动物等,既有驯养的、可开发利用的,也有受保护的濒危野生动物。有人认为,凡是有经济价值和稀少的动物全是特种经济动物,由此产生了除传统家畜以外人们饲养或试养的动物都属特种养殖范围的错误认识。还有人认为,除了家畜家禽和野生动物外,并不存在什么“特种动物”,也不存在“特种养殖”,人们所说的特种动物就是野生动物等。在此有必要分清家畜(禽)与野生动物、驯养动物这… 相似文献
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特种经济动物养殖改变了我国以往单一结构形态的农业养殖模式,丰富了食品、农副产品的种类,为医疗、科研做出了贡献,并已成为畜牧经济中不可或缺的重要组成部分。但是,目前特种经济动物福利还没有得到足够的重视,在特种经济动物养殖、运输及生产、加工、科研过程中,特种经济动物更容易遇到动物福利被“剥削”的问题,只有完善特种经济动物福利,才能保障食品、动物制品的安全,才能打破“动物福利壁垒”,提升动物农产品在国际贸易中的竞争力。文章综述了特种经济动物养殖及保障特种经济动物福利的重要性和必要性,分析了目前存在的问题,并提出了对策及建议,以期为完善我国动物福利制度提供参考,为建设农业强国提供保障。 相似文献
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特种经济动物养殖业近年来发展很快,特种经济动物的种类也越来越多,从利用价值上可以将特种经济动物分为药用动物、裘皮(革)用动物、肉用动物和观赏动物等几大类。狭义而言,我国目前饲养的特种经济动物主要指国家林业局在2003年发布的可以从事商业性经营利用、驯养繁殖技术成熟的54种陆生野生 相似文献
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<正>特种经济动物养殖业近年来发展很快,特种经济动物的种类也越来越多,从价值上可以将其分为药用动物、裘皮(革)用动物、肉用动物和观赏动物等几大类。本地养殖的特殊品种有蝎子、七彩山鸡、梅花鹿、牛蛙、蜗牛、蓝狐(银狐、雪狐)、獭兔等,笔者针对目前特种经济动物养殖业的特点进行分析,为准备投资特种经济动物养殖者提供参考。 相似文献
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特种经济动物养殖的现状及存在问题 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
刘鑫 《养殖与饲料.饲料世界》2008,(10):108-110
特种经济动物养殖是近二十年崛起的新兴产业,随着人们生活水平的不断提高,对特种经济动物的产品的需求量不断增大,进一步推动了特种养殖业的发展。目前已经形成特种禽类、特种兽类和特种水产养殖并驾齐驱的局面。但是随着特种经济动物饲养发展的同时,也反映了一定的问题,如投资者对市场预测不准、信息不灵,给饲养者带来了严重的经济损失,同时也阻碍特种养殖业发展。 相似文献
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针对近年来养殖界在鹿、貂、狐、貉等特种经济动物的管理体制和执法上产生的争议,较系统地阐述了野生动物和家畜(禽)的区别,野生动物驯养繁殖与养殖业的关系等有关学术概念,并对生产技术成熟,已形成各自独立产业的鹿、狐、貂等特种经济动物在管理体制上存在的问题,提出了按照《畜牧法》和相关畜牧兽医法律法规进行管理的合理化建议。 相似文献
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应用抗空肠弯曲菌共同抗原的单克隆抗体(4A7),建立了适用于空肠弯曲菌快速检验的间接-ELISA和BA-ELISA。两种方法的特异性检查表明,对受试的32种其它细菌,除与幽门弯曲菌发生交叉反应外,其余均为阴性反应。对空弯菌纯培养物检测的敏感性,BA-ELISA为3.2×104个菌/mL,间接-ELISA为1.6×105个菌/mL;对细菌动态培养物检测,BA-ELISA可检出接种约5个菌/mL、间接-ELISA可检出接种约10个菌/mL的24 h增菌培养物。应用BA-ELISA对人(140份)、猪(140份)、禽类(364份)及特种经济动物(265份)标本进行检测,阳性率依次为121%、52%、58.2%和32.8%;应用间接-ELISA对人(140份)、禽类(222份)及特种经济动物(265份)标本进行检测,阳性率依次为11.4%、61.7%、31.3%。两种方法的结果均与常规培养法相差不显著,可在27h内报告结果。 相似文献
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动物衣原体病由衣原体感染引起,发病动物通常出现流产、产死胎或产蛋下降等临床症状。该病在牛、羊、猪、鸡、鸭等畜禽,以及狐狸、鹿等特种经济动物间广泛流行,严重妨碍了动物的健康发展。文章对动物衣原体病目前的防控进行了综述,主要包括疫苗免疫和药物治疗两方面,疫苗免疫是目前动物衣原体病预防的最经济有效的方法,而药物治疗是动物感染衣原体的最佳选择。其中重点阐述了灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗、DNA疫苗、亚单位疫苗、活载体疫苗等多种疫苗的特性及最新研究进展,药物重点介绍了抗生素及中医药的研究进展,探索了其他药物治疗的前景,并对动物衣原体病的未来防控进行了展望。 相似文献
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Westergaard JM 《Zoonoses and public health》2008,55(1):37-41
Large-scale outbreaks of animal disease cause mass death of animals, a devastating economic impact on livestock industries and communities and furthermore often great distress for owners and keepers of animals. Such large-scale outbreaks have, during the last decade, been experienced by certain EU Member States in pigs caused by classical swine fever outbreaks, in ruminants and pigs due to foot and mouth disease and in poultry as a result of infections by avian influenza virus. With the aim of preventing introduction of the OIE former list A diseases and enhance disease preparedness most European countries have in recent years adopted contingency plans and conducted simulation exercises. Simulation exercises will, in this paper, be discussed with special references to: objectives, scope of exercises, preparation of scenarios, tasks to be performed by participants, the need for facilities, management of exercises and the work of the supervisory team. 相似文献
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The biology of the ascarid nematodes has been discussed in the context of their important economic role in farm animals, pet animals and zoo animals with special attention to carnivores and primates. In farm animals, infection with the most common roundworm of horses (Parascaris equorum) and swine (Ascaris suum) depend on many factors such as environmental conditions (larval development in the egg and egg survival), age of the host, breed, husbandry system, hygiene and treatment schedule. The monoxenic ascarids Toxocara canis and T. cati are the most important nematodes in carnivorous animals (dogs, cats, foxes) and carnivores in the zoo. In the period of March 2000 till March 2001, 57.1% of examined representatives of Felidae, Ursidae and Canidae in the Zoological Garden of Wroc?aw were found to be infected with ascarids (T. canis, T. cati, Toxascaris leonina). The prevalence of T. canis in the Canidae was 66.7%, of T. cati in the Felidae was 14.3%, while 57.1% of the Felidae carried T. leonina infection. Ascaris lumbricoides, a typical parasite of primates, was found in some gorillas, chimpanzees and orang-utans during parasitological survey. 相似文献
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我国特种养殖业的现状与发展 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
介绍了特种动物的涵义、濒危野生动物的界定和世界主要特种动物的养殖与疾病防制的现状以及在我国的发展前景。同时 ,对我国特种养殖中长期存在的机制、品种、疫病防制、技术素质、生物安全与生产规模等问题进行了剖析 ,并提出了一些对策 相似文献
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Busch B 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》2002,109(3):129-134
Based on the law of animal welfare and on the EU-rule about keeping of wild animals in zoological gardens 15 zoological gardens in Brandenburg were inspected by a temporary team consisting of one veterinarian from the state office of feeds and agriculture, the local authorized veterinarian and one director of the zoogardens. Data of every zoological garden at first were recorded by special lists of queries. So it was possible to estimate the keeping conditions and to realize deficiencies and the main problems. During the local inspection these data were controlled and the structure of keeping units as well as the conditions and behaviour of the animals were evaluated. Every unit was evaluated taking into consideration all points of view. If necessary proposals for improvements were made which were to enforce by the local authority. Furthermore the documentation and the economic areas were inspected. The number of kept species and animals was relatively low. Only two zoological gardens were to classify as mean ones. The majority of the fences and aviaries corresponded with the minimal demands of the today rules resp. was larger in the dimension and space. There were very nice keeping units, but also some deficiently in the structure or in the quality of the ground. By some photographs positive and negative examples are demonstrated. The feeding and also the veterinary service were on high level. The team found out that staffs of the zoogardens had a positive position to animal welfare. Step by step they improved the keeping conditions. The central inspection by a multi-professional team was estimated positively and should be repeated in certain intervals. The used lists of queries were suitable. The valid rules and guide lines should be revised in near future. 相似文献