高效液相色谱法测定三效散中丙硫苯咪唑含量

为了控制处方中的西药丙硫苯咪唑的量,采用高效液相色谱测定丙硫苯咪唑含量。色谱柱用Ｈｙｄｅｒｓｉｌ－ＮＨ２（５ｕｍ ,４．６ｍ ｍ ×１５０ｍ ｍ ）,柱温为室温,流动相为甲醇－水（ｐＨ 调至４．５）３８ｖ６２,检测波长２９５ｎｍ ,流速１．０１ｍ ｌ／ｍ ｉｎ。方法的线性范围为２．０～３４．０μｇ／ｍ ｌ,ｒ＝ ０．９９９９,样品回收率为１０１．６％ ,ＲＳＤ为０．３１％ 。分离度较高,重现性好,结果较为满意     

丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂对绵羊秋秀驱虫的试验

绵羊３６０只，分三组。试验组投放丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂１枚／只，阳性药物对照组一次口服丙硫苯咪唑１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重，空白对照组不给任何驱虫剂，分别于投药前及药后７、３０、１００和１７０天进行虫卵计数，称取体重和毛量。结果表明，投药后７和３０天，试验组与阳性药物对照组均有良好的驱虫效果。投药后１００天，试验组驱净率为８５．５％，阳性药物对照组驱净率为２６．４％。给药后１７０天，试验组、阳性药物对照组与     

丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂绵羊春季驱虫试验

绵羊１５０只，分三组进行春季驱虫试验，试验组羊投放丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂１牧／只，阳性药物对照组羊一次口服丙硫苯咪唑１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重，空白对照组不给任何驱虫药物，分别于投药前和投药后１５、３０、４５、６６、８６、１２０和１４０天进行粪便虫卵计数，称取体重和剪毛。结果表明，试验组在给药后８６天时，虫卵减少率为９３．７％，驱净率为８８％；阳性药物对照组在给药后４５天时，虫卵减少率已降至７７．４％，驱净     

丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂对绵羊驱虫效果试验

丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂投喂羊只后３０ｄ时，虫卵减少率和虫卵驱净率试验组为９９．７８％和９０％，阳性药物对照组为９９．６２％和８５．７１％；６８ｄ时，试验组呈上升趋向，为９９．８３％和９２．３％，阳性药物对照组为９７．３１％和５７．１４％，已出现下降势态；１０４ｄ时，试验组为９９．３３％和７６．９２％，阳性药物对照组为９４．２６％和３７．５％，差异极显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

气雾剂在兽医临床中的应用

气雾剂在兽医临床中的应用罗延红（西北农业大学兽医系陕西相陵，７１２１００）近年来，随着国内兽医药事业的发展，兽药领域先后研制开发了多种新型药剂，如丙硫咪唑脂质体、三氮脒脂质体、丙硫苯咪唑瘤胃控释剂、埃维菌素、硫苯唑控释长效丸剂以及杀虫涂膜剂等，但有关...     

丙硫苯咪唑控释装置及其在山羊体内的释药过程和药效研究

本试验对丙硫苯咪唑控释装置及其在山体内的释药过程和药效进行研究。筛选出丙硫苯咪唑释放率为１９±１ｍｇ／ｄａｙ的基质（Ｂ５７）。本控释装置适用于２０～３０ｋｇ山羊，在奶山羊体内能持续稳定释药６１±３ｄａｙｓ。类血浆中未能测出丙硫苯咪唑原药，只能测到其代谢产物丙硫苯咪唑亚砜和砜，其浓度分别为１３±３ｎｇ／ｍｌ和１２±６ｎｇ／ｍｌ。本装置对广东放牧的雷州山羊进行驱虫试验，结果试验组（剂量为０．７６ｍｇ／     

丙硫苯咪唑控释剂对绵羊的驱虫试验

将丙硫苯咪唑控释剂给羊投服 ,于给药前及给药后 30d、60d、90d、12 0d进行粪便虫卵计数并逐一称取体重。结果表明 ,丙硫苯咪唑控释剂组投药 90d后虫卵减少率为 88 2 % ,能较长时间防止寄生虫感染 ,与丙硫苯咪唑对照组、空白对照组比较有明显的增重效果 (P <0 0 1)。     

丙硫苯咪唑影响种鸡孵化率

丙硫苯咪唑属于苯并咪唑类药物，在羊体上的试验表明，丙硫苯咪唑对羊具有致畸作用，但是对种鸡孵化率的影响却尚未见报道。一、过程某父母代肉种鸡场，存栏种鸡５万套，３６周龄时，在日常剖检中发现肠道有蛔虫存在，于是场内全群鸡投入丙硫苯咪唑，剂量为２５毫克／千克体重，凌晨５时随饲料一次性投放完毕，持续投药时间约４小时。投药后产蛋稳定。二、后果入孵第１９日，孵化场照蛋发现，该场投药当日的这一批种蛋中无精蛋比例较上一日５３２％突然上升了０２８％，达５６％，以后逐日递增，无精蛋比例最高达到１７４１％，前后共影响６…     

不同抗蠕虫措施对高山细毛羊辜毛生长速度和净毛率的影响

选３０只甘肃高山毛羊，随机分为３组，分别作丙硫苯咪唑常规驱虫、投放丙硫苯咪唑控制释放胶囊和对照，用以观察不同抗蠕虫措施对羊毛生长速度和净毛率的影响。试验结果，羊毛生长速率均快于常规驱虫组和对照组；在六组时间中，毛的平均生长速度最高，分别比常规驱虫组和对照组每日多产毛０．６３ｇ和０．５０ｇ；净毛率达５４．２５％，分别比常驱虫组和对照组提高６．５３％和４．６７％。     

丙硫苯咪唑对犬贾第鞭毛虫病的疗效

通过３组实验评定丙硫苯咪唑对犬贾第鞭毛虫病的疗效。实验１给犬一次口服丙硫苯咪唑２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，７只犬有５只的粪便贾第鞭毛虫孢囊被清除（硫酸锌浓度方法确定）。未治疗的７只犬有３只粪便孢囊被清除。实验２给犬口服丙硫苯咪唑２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，隔１２小时一次，共４次。５只犬的粪便孢囊全被清除，未治疗的５只对照犬，一只犬的粪便孢囊被清除。实验３给犬口服丙硫苯咪唑２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ，隔１２小时一次，共４次，２０只犬中     

基于全面稳定性指数理论的乳粉保质期预测模型的建立

建立基于全面稳定性指数（global stability index，GSI）理论预测乳粉保质期的新方法。基于恒温加速实验，测定乳粉于20、30、40、50 ℃贮藏温度下感官品质、VC含量、羟甲基糠醛含量和水分活度的变化规律，建立乳粉GSI保质期预测模型。结果表明：计算得到的GSI满足零级动力学模型，活化能和指前因子分别为49.47 kJ/mol和4 474 924；GSI实验值和预测值相对误差绝对值在20%内；通过GSI模型预测，获得乳粉在20、30、40、50 ℃贮藏温度下的保质期分别为147     

新型凝胶卤水对延长新鲜马苏里拉奶酪保质期的工艺优化

研究一种新型凝胶卤水对新鲜马苏里拉奶酪质量的保护作用.将凝胶卤水的保水作用和乳铁蛋白酶解物的抑菌作用相结合,蘸裹在新鲜马苏里拉奶酪后,无菌材料密封后冷藏,能较好地延长新鲜马苏里拉奶酪的保质期.结果表明:凝胶卤水的成分比例(均为质量分数)为:6％乳清、0.266％ NaCl、0.72％乳铁蛋白酶解物、0.7％稳定剂几丁聚糖、0.3％增稠剂海藻酸钠.在取样测定的21d内,所贮藏的新鲜马苏里拉奶酪能保持良好的感官评价指数,菌落总数未超过1×108 CFU/mL,致病菌荧光假单胞菌数未检出,酪蛋白水解程度与卤水中游离氨基酸含量未出现显著性变化.此法贮藏的新鲜马苏里拉奶酪相比于传统贮藏方法至少延长了10d保质期.     

Efficacy of mitoxantrone against various neoplasms in dogs

One hundred twenty-six dogs with histologically confirmed, measurable malignant tumors were evaluated in a prospective study to determine the response to the antineoplastic drug mitoxantrone. Ninety-five dogs had been refractory to one or more treatment modalities (surgery, n = 57; chemotherapy other than mitoxantrone, n = 37; radiation, n = 4; whole body hyperthermia, n = 1). The extent of neoplastic disease was determined immediately before each dose of mitoxantrone was administered (1 to 10 doses, 2.5 to 5 mg/m2 of body surface area, IV) 21 days apart. Each dog was treated with mitoxantrone until the dog developed progressive disease or until the dog's quality of life diminished to an unacceptable level as determined by the owner or attending veterinarian. A partial or complete remission (greater than 50% volume reduction) was obtained in 23% (29/126) of all dogs treated. Tumors in which there was a partial or complete remission included lymphoma (11/32), squamous cell carcinoma (4/9), fibrosarcoma (2/9), thyroid carcinoma (1/10), transitional cell carcinoma (1/6), mammary adenocarcinoma (1/6), hepatocellular carcinoma (1/4), renal adenocarcinoma (1/1), rectal carcinoma (1/1), chondrosarcoma (1/2), oral malignant melanoma (1/12), cutaneous malignant melanoma (1/1), myxosarcoma (1/1), mesothelioma (1/1), and hemangiopericytoma (1/1). Our results indicated that mitoxantrone induces measurable regression in various malignant tumors in dogs.     

Renal tubular-cell neoplasms in black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes)--38 cases

Thirty-eight cases of renal tubular cell neoplasms were diagnosed in 184 captive, adult (>1-year-old), black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) examined from 1985 to 1996. This prevalence (20.7%) is one of the highest reported for this neoplasm in a population of animals. These tumors rarely metastasized (1/38), and usually were incidental postmortem findings, associated clinical disease being present in only 3 (8%) of the 38 cases. The prevalence of renal tubular cell neoplasms found at postmortem examination increased linearly with age, up to 67% in ferrets >8 years old. Both males (prevalence = 19%) and females (prevalence = 24%) were affected. Multiple renal tumors were common, and seven ferrets (18.4% of affected animals) had bilateral tumors. The cause of this neoplastic syndrome could not be determined. Since most of the animals affected by this condition were in their postreproductive years of life, the impact of this neoplastic syndrome on the captive propagation of this species is negligible.     

Spoilage characteristics of ground beef with added lactic acid bacteria and rosemary oleoresin packaged in a modified-atmosphere package and displayed at abusive temperatures

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella spp. in ground beef during storage. Furthermore, the addition of rosemary oleoresin (RO), a natural antioxidant, to ground beef has been shown to increase shelf life and is commonly used in modified-atmosphere packaged (MAP) ground beef. This study evaluated the effects of LAB and RO treatment on the shelf life and stability of MAP ground beef displayed at abusive (10°C) temperatures for 36 h. Subjective and objective sensory analyses were conducted to determine spoilage endpoints. Trained and consumer panel responses and Hunter lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values were not affected (P = 0.62, 0.66, 0.45) by LAB addition, although RO inclusion improved (P < 0.05) lean color. Ground beef with LAB and RO had significantly less (P < 0.0001) thiobarbituric acid reactive substance values than control ground beef, indicating decreased lipid oxidation. Additionally, RO inclusion reduced (P < 0.0001) off odors, as determined by trained and consumer odor panelists. Overall, the addition of LAB did not negatively affect beef color, odor, or oxidative rancidity, suggesting that LAB can be added to ground beef in MAP packaging as a processing intervention without detrimentally affecting shelf life or stability.     

干法生产UHT豆奶工艺技术研究及应用

以优质大豆为主要原料，经干法生产（大豆筛选、脱皮、高温灭酶、粗磨、超细研磨、浆渣分离）制得豆奶；根据QB／T2132产品分类要求（纯豆乳、调制豆乳、豆乳饮料），研究配方组成（大豆用量、加油量、乳化剂添加量）；采用UHT灭菌、复合塑料膜无菌灌装，常温下保质期达到30～90天.     

10岁以上全营养液态配方食品的开发及测试

对以牛奶为基底的10岁以上全营养液态特殊医学用途配方食品进行配方设计和工艺研究,并验证产品保质期内微量营养素的稳定性及人群试饮试验效果。依据《特殊医学用途配方食品通则》确定三大供能物质来源及含量,蛋白质4.0 g/100 mL,脂肪2.3 g/100 mL,碳水化合物8.9 g/100 mL。微量营养素在整个保质期内的含量符合通则的要求,维生素的损失率普遍高于矿物质,其中维生素B₂、维生素C、维生素E和叶酸的损失率最高。人群试饮试验结果显示,连续饮用2 个月后受试者血压、心率、血常规、肝肾功能及心电图均与饮用前无统计学差异,说明产品安全性良好。     

两种游离棉酚检测方法对常规棉粕检测的比较

主要针对常规棉籽粕(游离棉酚含量200~1000mg/kg)中游离棉酚含量的检测,用美国油化学家学会官方方法AOCSBa7-58和国标GB13086方法作对比检测,以比较2种方法的差异和对结果的影响。参照AOCSBa7-58制定标准曲线,计算换算因子F1,AOCSBa7-58和GB13086的回收率检验,并选择3种游离棉酚含量梯度的常规棉粕测定游离棉酚含量。AOCSBa7-58标准曲线换算因子F1=0.370,R2=0.999,回收率101.14%,RSD=2.56;GB13086质量吸收系数,游离棉酚为62.5L/(cm·g),回收率104.98%,RSD=9.85。结果表明,AOCSBa7-58对棉酚及其衍生物的提取充分,检测结果稳定,重复性好;而GB13086对棉酚及其衍生物的提取不稳定,时高时低,造成检测结果的不稳定性,重复性差。建议饲料行业应由AOCSBa7-58代替GB13086检测棉粕及饲料中游离棉酚含量,更能体现棉粕及饲料中棉毒素的含量。     

Effects of supplemental fat on growth performance and quality of beef from steers fed corn finishing diets

To measure the effects of dietary fat on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics, and on beef appearance, moisture binding, shelf life, palatability, and fatty acid content, 126 crossbred beef steers (321.1 +/- 0.57 kg of BW) were allotted to a randomized complete block (3) design with a 3 x 2 + 1 factorial arrangement of dietary treatments. The main effects were level of yellow grease (0, 3, or 6%) and alfalfa hay (3.5 or 7%) in corn-based diets containing 15% potato by-product (PB). The added treatment was 6% tallow and 7% alfalfa in a barley-based diet containing 15% PB. Dry matter intake and ADG were not affected by diet; however, G:F and diet NE content increased linearly (P < 0.10) with yellow grease. Kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (2.0 to 2.3 +/- 0.07) and yield grade (2.8 to 3.1 +/- 0.09) increased linearly (P < or = 0.05) with yellow grease. Steers fed corn plus 6% yellow grease had lower (P < 0.05) beef firmness and beef texture scores but greater (P < 0.01) fat color score than those fed barley plus 6% tallow. Moisture retention of beef was not affected by dietary treatment, except purge score during retail storage, which was decreased linearly (P < 0.01) from 2.1 to 1.6 +/- 0.06 by level of yellow grease. Steaks from steers fed barley plus 6% tallow had greater (P < 0.05) shear force than those from steers fed corn plus 6% yellow grease, and beef flavor increased linearly (P < 0.05) from 6.2 to 6.7 +/- 0.11 as the level of yellow grease increased. Level of yellow grease linearly increased (P < 0.01) transvaccenic acid (TVA) by 61% and CLA content of beef by 48%. Beef from steers fed corn plus yellow grease had lower (P < 0.05) palmitoleic and oleic acids and greater (P < 0.05) linoleic, TVA, and CLA than beef from steers fed the barley-tallow diet. Feeding yellow grease increased diet energy content, which increased carcass fatness, and altered beef fatty acid content, which increased beef flavor without affecting moisture retention, shelf life, or cooking properties of the beef. Additionally, beef from steers fed corn plus 6% yellow grease was more tender and had more polyunsaturated fatty acid content and CLA than beef from steers fed barley plus 6% tallow.     

Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin after intravenous and intramuscular administration to ostriches

The pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin was investigated after intravenous (IV) and intramuscular (IM) administration, both at a dose rate of 5 mg/kg BW, in six clinically healthy domestic ostriches. Plasma concentrations of marbofloxacin was determined by a HPLC/UV method. The high volume of distribution (3.22+/-0.98 L/kg) suggests good tissue penetration. Marbofloxacin presented a high clearance value (2.19+/-0.27 L/kgh), explaining the low AUC values (2.32+/-0.30 microgh/mL and 2.25+/-0.70 microgh/mL, after IV and IM administration, respectively) and a short half life and mean residence time (t(1/2 beta)=1.47+/-0.31 h and 1.96+/-0.35 h; MRT=1.46+/-0.02 h and 2.11+/-0.30 h, IV and IM, respectively). The absorption of marbofloxacin after IM administration was rapid and complete (C(max)=1.13+/-0.29 microg/mL; T(max)=0.36+/-0.071 h; MAT=0.66+/-0.22 h and F (%)=95.03+/-16.89).