2021年河南省一级定点监测场点猪瘟免疫效果监测

为了解河南省规模猪场的猪瘟免疫抗体水平,2021年对采自河南省18个地市214个一级监测场点（种猪场或年出栏量在5万头以上的商品代猪场）的6 602份猪血清样品进行了猪瘟抗体检测,并按不同场点、季节、区域和生长阶段,对检测结果进行统计分析。结果显示：2021年河南省定点监测场点的猪瘟免疫抗体平均场群合格率为85.98%,平均个体合格率为87.99%;种猪场的场群合格率和个体合格率分别为89.06%和91.24%,均显著高于商品代猪场的84.67%和86.23%（P＜0.05）;春季个体合格率（83.58%）低于夏季（90.48%）、秋季（87.36%）和冬季（92.78%）,差异明显（P＜0.05）;不同区域的抗体场群合格率为81.13%~92.86%,个体合格率为82.15%~93.73%,豫北地区的场群及个体合格率均最低,其中个体合格率与其他地区差异明显（P＜0.05）;不同生长阶段的场群合格率和个体合格率由高到低均依次为经产母猪、后备种猪、种公猪、育肥猪、保育猪和仔猪,除仔猪（场群、个体合格率分别为58.33%、65.00%）外,其余阶段的场群合格率（76.47%~94.23%）和个体合格率（81.12%~93.89%）均高于70%。结果表明：河南省监测场点猪群的猪瘟免疫情况整体较好,发病风险较低,但在持续做好猪瘟免疫的同时,应着重加强春季、豫北地区和仔猪阶段的免疫效果监测工作。     

河南省规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫抗体监测分析

为掌握河南省规模猪场猪伪狂犬病疫苗免疫抗体水平,2021年对来自河南省214个规模猪场的6 614份猪血清样品进行了猪伪狂犬病疫苗免疫抗体检测,并按不同场点、不同季节、不同区域和生长阶段对检测结果进行了统计分析。检测结果显示,2021年河南省规模猪场猪伪狂犬病疫苗免疫抗体平均场群合格率和个体合格率分别为90.19%和90.88%;种猪场场群合格率和个体合格率分别为89.06%和91.33%,商品代猪场场群和个体合格率分别为90.67%和90.64%,不同场点场群合格率和个体合格率之间均无显著差异;不同区域猪伪狂犬病抗体水平有差异,其中豫中地区场群和个体合格率均为最高,豫北地区最低;不同生长阶段猪群猪伪狂犬病疫苗免疫抗体场群合格率和个体合格率存在差异,其中经产母猪场群和个体合格率均为最高,仔猪均为最低,但所有不同生长阶段猪群场群和个体合格率均在70%以上。     

2020-2022年黔东南州猪瘟免疫抗体监测分析

为准确掌握黔东南州猪瘟（CSF）免疫效果，采集2020-2022年全州16个县（市）的种猪场、商品代场及散养户共计8 841份猪血清，采用ELISA方法开展免疫抗体检测。结果显示：全州免疫抗体个体合格率为87.54%，群体合格率为94.14%，超过农业农村部规定的最低标准70%;2022年个体合格率最高，为88.69%,2020年个体合格率最低，为85.81%;2021年群体合格率最高，为97.20%,2020年群体合格率最低，为82.35%；种猪场免疫抗体个体及群体合格率最高，分别为89.61%及100%；散养户免疫抗体个体合格率最低，为86.31%；商品代场群体合格率最低，为93.17%。结果表明，黔东南州猪瘟免疫均超过国家标准，近两年来全州的猪瘟防控取得了一定成效，农村散养问题仍是当前需加强的重要环节。     

2013—2016年上海市项目核心示范猪场主要疫病的免疫抗体监测

为评估上海市部分规模猪场的免疫抗体水平,更好地指导生产实践,对9个项目核心示范猪场2013—2016年间1 606份血清样品进行口蹄疫、猪瘟和高致病性猪蓝耳病等3种主要疫病的免疫抗体检测,并对不同规模场、不同区域、不同年份、不同采样时间点和不同阶段猪群的免疫抗体水平进行比较分析。结果显示：2013—2016年上海市部分规模猪场O型口蹄疫免疫抗体平均合格率为85.13%（95% CI：83.39%~86.87%）,猪瘟免疫抗体平均合格率为84.65%（95% CI：82.89%~86.41%）,高致病性猪蓝耳病免疫抗体平均合格率为95.77%（95% CI：94.79%~96.75%）;不同地区、不同年份间的部分疫病抗体合格率存在差异;9个核心示范猪场3种主要疫病免疫抗体水平呈现逐年上升趋势;不同采样时间点的O型口蹄疫免疫抗体合格率差异极显著,其他疫病不显著;生产母猪的免疫抗体水平优于商品肉猪。检测结果显示,通过持续跟踪监测、不断优化免疫程序、调整疫苗种类,上海市规模猪场的主要疫病得到了良好的控制。     

黔东南州3个规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫抗体检测分析

为了解黔东南州年存栏种猪500头以上的3个规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫情况,分别于2017—2019年在每年第1次免疫伪狂犬病疫苗30 d后采集种母猪、后备母猪、育肥猪、种公猪血清样品,用ELISA方法检测伪狂犬病免疫抗体,评价免疫效果。结果:(1) 3个规模场猪群伪狂犬病免疫抗体平均合格率2017年为68.00%,2018年为85.66%、2019年为95.54%,2017年与2019年比较差异显著(P0.05)。(2) 3年平均免疫抗体合格率大型规模场(A场)为96.07%,中型规模场(B场)为78.85%,小型规模场(C场)为69.70%,大型规模场与小型规模场比较差异极显著(P 0.01)。(3)不同猪群抗体离散度均60%,免疫效果均一性差。结论:3个规模猪场伪狂犬病免疫抗体合格率呈逐年升高趋势,其中2018、2019年高于农业农村部要求≥70%的标准,但不同猪群免疫抗体离散度高,整齐度低。各规模场需根据场内猪群个体的抗体消长规律进行针对性地免疫,并优化免疫程序。     

山西忻州猪场伪狂犬病毒抗体监测与流行态势

非洲猪瘟疫情发生后,笔者对山西省忻州市7个地区猪场猪伪狂犬病免疫抗体和g E感染抗体进行监测,监测结果显示,伪狂犬病毒抗体阳性率种猪场和规模猪场比散养户高,感染几率大,群体感染率16%以上,场感染率达26%。监测结果表明,规模场猪群抗体合格率远高于散养户,经济越发达地区,免疫合格率好于经济落后地区,养猪密集和存栏量大的地区,猪群免疫合格率比养猪非主产业地区好,种猪场比自繁自养场猪伪狂犬免疫好。     

2018—2020年三台县猪瘟免疫抗体检测与分析

为及时准确掌握三台县猪瘟疫苗免疫状况和评价免疫效果,在春秋季集中免疫后,对辖区内部分规模场和散养户进行猪血液样品采集,采用阻断ELI SA方法进行猪瘟疫苗免疫抗体水平检测。结果显示,2018—2020年三台县猪瘟免疫抗体水平总体平稳,免疫抗体平均合格率为83.01%,高于国家对猪瘟抗体水平合格率70%以上的要求。猪瘟抗体水平较高,免疫保护较好,猪群具有一定的群体免疫力。     

2021年河南省O型口蹄疫免疫效果评估

为了解河南省O型口蹄疫（FMD）的免疫抗体水平,评估其免疫效果,2021年在河南省规模场、屠宰场与散养户,随机采集785场次22 879份血清样品,采用ELISA方法检测O型FMD免疫抗体,并对检测结果进行不同畜种、不同场点类型、不同季节、不同行政区域的统计分析。结果显示：2021年全省O型FMD抗体免疫合格率为80.30%,其中猪、牛、羊抗体免疫合格率分别为79.09%、92.48%、72.26%。猪场中,种猪场、商品代场、屠宰场O型FMD抗体免疫合格率分别为85.24%、82.57%、65.56%;牛场中,种牛场、商品代场、屠宰场、散养户O型FMD抗体免疫合格率分别为96.72%、91.75%、94.17%、100%;羊场中,种羊场、商品代场、散养户O型FMD抗体免疫合格率分别为78.63%、72.37%、69.46%。春、夏、秋、冬季的O型FMD抗体免疫合格率分别为79.42%、79.00%、80.58%、86.12%。18个地市中,有2个地市O型FMD抗体免疫合格率低于70%。结果表明：河南省O型口蹄疫整体免疫效果较好,但羊场免疫效果相对较差,尤其是散养户,免疫抗体合格率未达到70%,存在疫情发生风险。结果提示,需重点加强羊饲养场尤其是散养户的O型FMD免疫工作。     

山东省莱州市部分猪场猪瘟和蓝耳病血清抗体检测

猪瘟和蓝耳病是影响我国养猪业的重大疫病,对其进行定期检测极为重要。为了解规模猪场的猪瘟和蓝耳病的免疫合格情况,2017年4—8月,采用两阶段随机抽样结合便利抽样方法,采集莱州市6个规模猪场的629份血清样品,通过ELISA方法进行猪瘟和蓝耳病免疫抗体水平检测。结果显示:6个猪场的猪瘟和蓝耳病抗体平均阳性率分别为82.19%和92.85%,均高于国家规定的70%的基本要求,但有1家猪场的猪瘟抗体合格率未达到国家规定的最低标准,保育猪群的猪瘟和蓝耳病抗体合格率整体偏低。检测结果表明:莱州市猪场猪瘟和蓝耳病的免疫效果较好,猪群基本能够得到有效保护,但对于抗体合格率偏低的猪场以及保育猪群应注意加强猪瘟和猪蓝耳病的免疫和抗体监测。     

贵阳市2018—2020年猪瘟免疫效果监测

为了解贵阳市猪瘟疫苗免疫情况,2018—2020年期间采集贵阳市8个区(市、县)584个(次)群体17537份猪血清样本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测猪血清中的猪瘟病毒抗体。结果显示:检测的17 537份猪血清样本中,抗体阳性样本16 142份,抗体阳性率为92.05%,群体合格率为87.16%;按照不同的年份分类,2018年个体合格率和群体合格率最高分别为92.76%(5962/6427)和97.11%;按照不同的地区分类,花溪区猪瘟病毒抗体个体合格率最高为95.40%(1 910/2 002);按照不同养殖规模分类,种猪场个体抗体合格率和群体合格率最高,分别为97.53%(3916/4015)和100%。结果表明,贵阳市2018—2020年猪瘟病毒整体免疫抗体水平较高,但是仍然有个别养殖场(户)存在免疫抗体合格率不达标的情况。     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1988

In late November 1988, 1581 small and mixed animal clinics and institutional veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1988, and 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 181,577 dogs were blood-tested for heartworm disease and 367 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 60 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1988 as 441 (0.24%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1985

In late December 1985, 1485 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1985 and 44% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 137,300 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1210 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 36 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number diagnosed in 1985 as 1247 (0.91%).

Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island, Newfoundland and Saskatchewan but most (1126) of the cases were in Ontario. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. From Quebec, 91 cases were reported mostly from and around Montreal. From Manitoba, 19 cases were reported from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 28% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 78% had a history of not having left Canada.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1983

In late December 1983, 2 800 veterinarians across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of heartworm disease in Canada in 1983 and 26% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 59 504 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 771 dogs (1.30% of those tested) were found with Dirofilaria immitis. Heartworm disease was diagnosed in all provinces except New Brunswick and Newfoundland but most (733) of the cases were in Ontario.

Heartworm disease was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 31% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 64% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continues to be the focus of the infection and most of the dogs there had not left the province previously.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1984

In late December 1984, 1853 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1984 and 35% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 97,794 dogs were blood-tested to check for microfilariae and 1417 dogs (1.45% of those tested) were found with heartworm. Another 34 dogs were amicrofilaremic, but were diagnosed as having heartworm disease, to give the total number diagnosed in 1984 as 1451 (1.48%). Heartworm was reported from all provinces except Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland but most (1310) of the cases were in Ontario. In Quebec, 126 cases were reported mostly from west of Montreal.

Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 27% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 72% had a history of not having left Canada. Southwestern Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1989

In late November 1989, 1732 clinics and institutional veterinarians were sent a questionnaire to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis, and 51.7% responded. Of 247,716 dogs tested, 394 had D. immitis microfilariae and 51 were amicrofilaremic for a total of 445 cases and heartworm prevalence of 0.17%. Most (408) of these dogs had no preventive medication and the prevalence among dogs tested and unprotected was 1.01%. That prevalence was considerably higher in endemic areas. Thirty-seven dogs with heartworm had preventive medication. Heartworm was most frequent in companion dogs over three years of age maintained outdoors in rural areas. About 75% of the cases had never left Canada, 26% had clinical signs and 125 were not treated.

Heartworm was reported from British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, but 383 cases were in Ontario. South-western Ontario was the primary focus of infection. There were 33 cases in Quebec and 24 in Manitoba, mainly found in and around Metropolitan Montreal and Winnipeg respectively.

     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1987

In late November 1987, 1246 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1987, and 50% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 165,428 dogs were blood tested for heartworm disease and 511 dogs were found with D. immitis microfilariae. Another 78 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease to give the total number of cases diagnosed in 1987 as 589 (0.35%).     

Heartworm in dogs in Canada in 1986

In late December 1986, 1224 institutional veterinarians and small and mixed animal clinics across Canada were sent a questionnaire in order to assess the status of Dirofilaria immitis in Canada in 1986; 46% of them responded. Veterinarians reported that 150,989 dogs were blood-tested for microfilariae and 869 dogs were found with heartworm. Another 65 dogs were amicrofilaremic but diagnosed with heartworm disease and one was found with heartworm at necropsy to give the total number diagnosed in 1986 as 935 (0.62%).

Heartworm was reported from Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario and Quebec, but most (810) of the cases were from Ontario. South-western Ontario continued to be the primary focus of the infection in Canada. There were 103 cases reported from Quebec, mostly from and around Montreal, and 21 cases from Manitoba, from Winnipeg and surrounding areas. Heartworm was found most frequently in companion dogs over three years of age maintained mainly outdoors in rural areas. About 33% of the cases were observed with clinical signs of heartworm disease and 81% had a history of not having left Canada.