黄瓜花叶病毒NASBA检测技术的建立

 以香蕉花叶病病样为材料,初步建立了黄瓜花叶病毒核酸序列依赖性扩增(Nucleic acid sequence based amplifica-tion,NASBA)的检测技术。通过以香蕉叶片总RNA为模板,在黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)亚组ⅠRNA 2高保守区设计特异引物,进行NASBA反应,经5%琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测,阳性样品中出现了预期大小为310 bp的条带,而阴性和空白对照中均未出现。并对11份香蕉样品分别进行NASBA反应,并经过斑点杂交验证与RT-PCR检测比较,两者的检测结果一致,灵敏度相当,检出限量可达100 pg。     

五种烟草病毒TMV、CMV、TEV、PVY及TVBMV的多重RT-PCR同步检测

 我国烟草病毒主要有烟草花叶病毒(TMV)、黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)、烟草蚀纹病毒(TEV)、马铃薯Y病毒(PVY)和烟草脉带花叶病毒(TVBMV),通常发生复合侵染。本研究对我国5种烟草病毒的外壳蛋白基因部分序列设计引物,通过优化引物和模板浓度,摸索扩增参数,在一个体系中成功对5种病毒复合侵染的烟草材料进行多重RT-PCR扩增,得到237、273、347、456和547 bp共5条特异性条带,建立了能同时检测TMV、CMV、TEV、PVY和TVBMV的多重RT-PCR检测体系。对田间样品检测结果证明,多重RT-PCR体系能够同时检测5种病毒,并且灵敏度高。     

建兰花叶病毒厦门分离物的提纯及RT-PCR检测

以蔓陀罗为建兰花叶病毒(CyMV)厦门分离物的繁殖寄主,通过一次差速离心、一次PEG沉淀结合超速离心提纯建兰花叶病毒,病毒得率约400 mg/kg。根据已经报道的建兰花叶病毒外壳蛋白基因序列设计引物,分别以该病毒RNA及病叶总RNA为模板,建立了建兰花叶病毒RT-PCR快速检测体系,其检测灵敏度可达1.8 pg病毒和11 mg/mL的病叶组织。     

进境荷兰百合中车前草花叶病毒的分子鉴定及序列分析

对一株进境隔离种植中疑似病毒症状的荷兰百合进行检测、鉴定。采用RT-PCR方法对疑似样品的部分基因序列进行扩增、测序,比对后,建立系统发育树进行亲缘关系分析。结果表明,采用香石竹潜隐病毒属和马铃薯X病毒属(CarlapCar1I/M4T和Potex 5/Potex 1RC)简并引物均可扩增到预期大小的片段(1 257 nts和737 nts)。序列分析显示,扩增片段与车前草花叶病毒(Plantago asiatica mosaic virus,Pl AMV)3'端序列(包含TGBp2、TGBp1、CP,3’-NTS)和部分依赖于RNA的RNA聚合酶基因序列一致性可达79.9%~99.5%和80.5%~99.3%。利用PlAMV的特异性引物(PlAMV-cpup/PlAMV-cpdw)进行检测,结果进一步证实该百合样品含有PlAMV。通过建立系统发育树得出,该病毒分离物与来自荷兰的PlAMV百合分离物优先聚为一簇,表明二者的亲缘关系最近。这是我国口岸首次截获车前草花叶病毒的报道。     

江西省莲花县百合病毒病分子鉴定

[目的]为了检测和鉴定采自江西省莲花县百合样品.[方法]利用已报道侵染百合的3种主要病毒黄瓜花叶病毒(cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)、百合斑驳病毒(lily mottle virus,LMoV)、百合无症病毒(lily syptomless virus,LSV)的特异性引物对样品进行RT-PCR分子检测与鉴定.[结果]扩增得到657 bp和428 bp 2条片段与CMV和LMoV预期片段大小一致,未检测到LSV.测序结果表明,扩增序列片段与GenBank的CMV、LMoV同源性分别为99.08％和98.56％.[结论]该地百合受黄瓜花叶病毒及百合斑驳病毒复合侵染.     

侵染西瓜的5种病毒ZYMV、WMV、TMV、SqMV和CMV的多重RT-PCR检测体系的建立与检测应用

 根据5种病毒小西葫芦黄花叶病毒(Zucchini yellow mosaic virus,ZYMV)、西瓜花叶病毒(Watermelon mosaic virus,WMV)、烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)、南瓜花叶病毒(Squash mosaic virus,SqMV)和黄瓜花叶病毒(Cucumber mosaic virus,CMV)的核苷酸保守区序列,设计特异性引物对,从影响多重RT-PCR (mRT-PCR)扩增的引物浓度、Mg²⁺浓度、Taq DNA聚合酶浓度、dNTPs浓度、退火温度等方面进行反应体系的优化,建立了一种能够同时检测ZYMV、WMV、TMV、SqMV和CMV的多重RT-PCR技术体系,并进行了实际应用。在一个体系中对上述5种病毒复合侵染的西瓜材料进行多重RT-PCR扩增,得到与试验设计相符的5条特异性条带,依次是542、485、410、354和293bp。该体系实现了对侵染西瓜的5种病毒的同时检测,极大地提高了检测效率,降低了检测成本,体现了多重RT-PCR的优越性。     

莴苣花叶病毒RT-RPA检测方法的建立

根据莴苣花叶病毒(Lettuce mosic virus,LMV)的外壳蛋白保守位点设计引物,并构建片段大小为428 bp的内标质粒,利用引物和内标质粒对可侵染莴苣的5种病毒和与LMV同属的3种病毒进行反转录重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(Recombinase Polymerase Amplification,RPA)检测。结果表明,该方法特异性强,可从阳性样品RNA中扩增出大小为272 bp的目标片段,而其他7种病毒RNA、空白对照以及阴性对照均未扩增出条带;灵敏度高,能检测出稀释100倍的LMV RNA,与常规RT-PCR灵敏度一致;速度快,整个扩增过程只需要40 min,不需要特殊设备。本研究建立的RT-RPA检测方法可应用于LMV的快速检测。     

烟草花叶病毒丁香分离物的分离与鉴定

 从表现花叶症状的丁香病株上获得一病毒分离物,其在电镜下为约300 nm×18nm的杆状粒子;电泳分析表明感病组织中ds RNA大约为6.4kbp,而其外壳蛋白分子量约为17.6k Da。以上实验结果初步将该病毒分离物鉴定为烟草花叶病毒属(Tobamovirus)。根据该属病毒复制酶基因序列设计通用引物,进行RT-PCR检测,扩增出约1000 bp的预期特异片段(Gen Bank AY566703)。将PCR产物克隆后测序,序列分析表明,与从蚕豆中分离的TMV-B株系序列(Gen Bank AJ011933.1)同源性为99.90%。根据烟草花叶病毒(Tobacco mosaic virus,TMV)的RNA CP基因序列设计引物,进行RT-PCR,扩增出约800 bp的预期特异片段(Gen Bank AY56672),序列分析表明,与TMV-B株系序列(Gen Bank AJ011933.1)同源性达99%,上述实验结果表明,该病毒分离物为TMV。由于该分离物与TMV-B在指示植物上的症状存在明显差异,所以,作者把该分离物暂命名为TMV-S。     

竹花叶病毒浙江麻竹分离物全基因组序列及siRNA分析

正已知有3种病毒可在自然条件下侵染竹类植物,即竹花叶病毒(bamboo mosaic virus,BaMV)~[1]、樱桃坏死锈斑驳病毒(cherry necrotic rusty mottle virus,CNRMV)和苹果茎沟病毒(apple stem grooving virus,ASGV)~[2,3]。其中,BaMV是最早在巴西的金竹(Bambusa vulgaris Cv.)和孝顺竹     

A sensitive method for detecting bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and establishment of BaMV-free meristem-tip cultures

A sensitive method was used to detect bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) and its associated satellite RNA (satBaMV) by ³²P- and digoxigenin (Dig)-labelled probes synthesized from cDNA clones of BaMV genomic (L probe) and satBaMV (S probe) RNA. Both the ³²P- and Dig-labelled L and S probes could detect as little as 490 pg of BaMV viral RNA by slot- and dot-blot hybridization. In infected leaf extracts, ³²P-labelled L and S probes detected virus at 25-fold higher dilutions than Dig-labelled probes, which were also successfully used to detect BaMV infection in plants derived from meristem-tip culture. However, immunoassays failed to detect BaMV in meristem culture. By dot-blot hybridization assays, 25% of the seedlings were shown to be virus-free. These results suggest that a highly sensitive method for the detection of BaMV infection is required for the establishment of BaMV-free cultures. Meristem-tip culture also provides an efficient method for obtaining virus-free bamboo plants.     

3种甘薯病毒多重RT-PCR检测方法的建立及应用

正病毒病是引起甘薯品质降低和减产的重要原因之一,现已报道30多种能侵染甘薯的病毒~([1,2])。山东省是甘薯种植大省,病毒种类近10种~([3,4])。甘薯羽状斑驳病毒(Sweet potato feathery mottle virus,SPFM V)、甘薯潜隐病毒(Sweet potato latent virus,SPLV)是为害甘薯的主要病毒,在全国甘薯种植区广泛分布~([5,6])。甘薯病毒2(Sweet potato virus 2,SPV2)为Potyvirus的一个暂定种,多与同属的其他病毒混合侵染~([7])。多重PCR技术由Chamberian等~([8])1988年首次提出,可实现多基因的同时扩增,具有节省时间、提高效率的优点,已初     

甘蔗花叶病毒第IV组分离物RT-PCR检测体系的建立及应用

 甘蔗花叶病毒(Sugarcane mosaic virus,SCMV)是引起我国玉米矮化叶病的主要病毒。根据其基因组序列,SCMV可以分为4个组,其中第IV组分离物属于新出现的强毒株系。为了快速检测SCMV尤其是IV组分离物的发生情况,我们针对SCMV I-IV组及IV组分离物设计了6对引物,从中筛选出特异性最强的2对引物(I-IV-2F/I-IV-2R和IV-1F/IV-1R),进行PCR体系的优化。优化后的PCR体系为:退火温度51℃,dNTP终浓度为0.1 mM,引物终浓度为0.20 μM,TaqDNA聚合酶终浓度为0.015 U·μL^-1。利用该体系, 引物对I-IV-2F/I-IV-2R和IV-1F/IV-1R均能够从50 ng感病叶片或0.05 ng病毒RNA中检测出SCMV。通过优化两对引物浓度比例建立了能同时检测SCMV所有分离物及第四组分离物的双重PCR体系。利用该体系从山东、河南及云南均检测出SCMV第IV组分离物的发生。本研究为SCMV尤其是SCMV第IV组分离物的快速检测提供了技术支持。     

苹果茎痘病毒双重RT-PCR检测体系的建立及应用

<正>病毒病是危害苹果(Malus domestica)的一类重要病害。已报道的苹果病毒种类很多,在我国发生普遍的主要有苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus,ACLSV)、苹果茎沟病毒(Apple stem grooving virus,ASGV)、苹果茎痘病毒(Apple stem pitting virus,ASPV)、苹果花叶病毒(Apple mosaic virus,ApM V)以及苹果锈果类病毒(Apple scar skid viroid,ASSVd)~([1～3])。病毒或类病毒混合     

侵染广西甜椒的西瓜银斑驳病毒分子鉴定

During a survey in 2019, sweet pepper plants (GXTJ) showing symptoms of ring spots and chlorotic on leaves and fruits were collected in Wuming district of Guangxi province. Serological tests by DAS-ELISA demonstrated that the GXTJ was reacted positively against to antisera of watermelon silver mottle virus (WSMoV), but negatively against to antisera of the tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Total RNA was extracted and 2 pairs specific primers were designed to amplify the WSMoV N gene sequence by RT-PCR. Two expected fragments (769 bp and 654 bp) were obtained from GXTJ, The results of sequence analysis showed that the sequence of N gene was 828 nt and sharing 100% identity with WSMoV isolates from Taiwan (X78556, U78734). Base on the phylogenetic analysis, the N gene sequence of WSMoV-GXTJ was grouped in the same clades as WSMoV isolates from Taiwan. These results indicate that the virus isolate from sweet pepper in Guangxi is an isolate of WSMoV.     

葡萄卷叶相关病毒13在我国葡萄上的首次报道

<正>我国葡萄品种资源丰富,栽培面积逐年增加。葡萄感染病毒后,便终生带毒,持续危害,造成生长发育迟缓,树势衰退,严重影响葡萄的产量和品质。山葡萄(Vitis amurensis Rupr.)是我国重要的野生果树资源,其抗病能力较强,是培育抗病、抗寒优良品种的珍贵种质。山葡萄浆果营养物质丰富,是酿     

辽西李属坏死环斑病毒检测及其多样性分析

采用RT-PCR对辽西地区采集的45份核果叶片样品进行了李属坏死环斑病毒(PNRSV)的鉴定,其中9份样品为阳性。以阳性样品总RNA为模板,克隆了PNRSV基因组RNA3近全长序列。序列长度在1 612~1 619 bp之间,一致性为93.8%~100%。以本研究获得的9个和Gen Bank登录的42个PNRSV近全长RNA3序列为基础,截取cp基因、mp基因和近全长RNA3序列分别构建系统发育树,三者结果一致:均可将51个PNRSV分离物分为4个组,即PV32、PV96、PE5和本文报道的一个新的PNRSV组,9个辽西分离物分别属于PV32组或PV96组。本研究明确了我国辽西地区PNRSV的遗传多样性,证明了PNRSV基因组RNA3在研究PNRSV遗传多样性中的适用性,同时发现了一个新的PNRSV组,对于PNRSV遗传多样性研究意义重大。     

以Ypt1基因序列为靶标的辣椒疫病菌快速分子检测

PCR primers were designed based on the sequence of Ras-related protein gene (Ypt1) of P. capsici. According to the multiple sequence alignment, Ypt1 has the sufficiently polymorphic intron region for the development of P. capsici-specific primers (PcYpt1F/PcYpt1R). One primer pair was developed which can amplify one P. capsici-specific fragment of 156 bp. Using the primer pair, the P. capsici infected plants and soils were detected. Additionally, Ypt1 has an appropriate region for the development of Phytophthora genus-specific primers (Ypt1F/Ypt1R), which can amplify a fragment of about 540 bp from 14 different Phytophthora specices and a fragment of about 350 bp in Pythium species, with no amplification from fungal species. By PCR optimization using P. capsici genomic DNA, the detection sensitivities of 10 pg and 10 fg DNA were achieved in standard PCR (PcYpt1F/PcYpt1R) and nested PCR (Ypt1F/Ypt1R and PcYpt1F/PcYpt1R), respectively. The developed primers were proved to be efficient in detection of Phytophthora pathogens from diseased plant tissues and residues in soils.