大眼狮鲈的池塘养殖技术研究

1993年和1994年哈尔滨市水产研究所二次从加拿大移植大眼狮鲈发眼鱼卵，经室内孵化培育出鱼苗，在池塘中进行鱼苗、鱼种、成鱼养殖。鱼苗培育35天，体长平均达5．2cm，成活率分别是75．8％和17．9％，鱼种培育套养方式成功，亩套养100－150尾，经3个月的养殖，体重可达50－100克，成鱼养殖，亩套养20－40尾，经5个月的培育体重可达300－475克，2龄鱼体重达670－1020克，单产5－10千克。     

青海湖裸鲤的人工繁殖及苗种的淡水培育技术

研究了青海湖裸鲤的人工繁殖技术和鱼苗、鱼种的淡水培育技术.试验选用的雌亲鱼在4龄以上,雄亲鱼3龄以上,人工授精后在流水孵化盘中孵化.鱼苗培育采用池塘单养方式,以泼洒豆浆或施放有机肥培育池水.平均体长1.3 cm的"水花"鱼苗,经过114 d的培育,平均体长达9～12 cm,体重7～15g,成活率75%.鱼种培育使用全价配合饲料.平均体重15 g的鱼种,经过173 d的培育,平均体重达到65.5 g,成活率81%.     

鞍带石斑鱼印Epinephelus lanceolatus（Bloch）中间培育技术的初步研究

将体长2．48-3．00cm，平均体长2．64cm；体重2.37～3．16g，平均体重2．68g的鞍带石斑鱼鱼苗在水温17．2～24．6℃、海水盐度31．2条件下进行室外水泥池培育。采取逐渐添加淡水降低盐度至18～19；以鱼体重4％-6％日投喂量投喂用鱼浆或鲜虾浆与幼鳗粉料混合制成的湿性饲料的方式。经过52d的培育，鱼苗体长增至4．7-6．8cm，平均体长增长3．12cm／尾，增长率121．44％；体重增至5．73-8．64g，平均体重增重4．84g／尾，增重率180．60％。培育存活率97．4％。     

淡水白鲳的苗种培育及越冬保种

淡水白鲳的苗种培育期约5个月。自下塘鱼苗至全长3．5cm左右的夏花称为鱼苗培育阶段,约需20天,之后为鱼种培育。至秋末,鱼种可达10cm。     

匙吻鲟苗种高密度培育初探

从湖北引进匙吻鲟鱼苗5万尾，平均体长1．9cm，平均体重0．028g，苗体健康无病。将鱼苗平均放人两口9m^2的水泥培育池内（放养密度约为2700尾/m^2），利用池塘内的纯氧充气系统，采用枝角类为主的浮游动物为饵料培育至体长为7．0．8．00n后，采用人工配合饲料进行转饵驯化，经过50d的培育，鱼苗平均体长达到14．2cm，平均体重达18．01g，成活率为59．8％，取得了较好的培育效果。     

俄罗斯鲟南移人工养殖实验

1999年7月从北京引进俄罗斯鲟鱼苗在广西水产学校名特优水实验场（武鸣基地）进行了南移人工养殖实验。在室外水泥中投放鲟鱼苗4500尾，平均体长为7cm（5－10cm)经153天饲养，得鲟鱼种3150尾，平均体长为37．8cm，均重215g。其中最大个体体长为50cm，体重378g，养殖成活率为70％。     

长吻鮠鱼苗、鱼种培育技术的研究

本文对长吻鮠鱼苗鱼种培育技术作了初步研究。几年试验共育出鱼苗8万多尾，鱼种1万多尾。鱼苗经25～33天培育，平均全长4．8厘米，体重1．2～2．7克，成活率63．8～99．1％。水蚯蚓是鱼苗阶段的良好饵料，配合饲料也可使用。当年鱼种生长较快，一般体重41～74克，最好的可达90克以上。苗种生长适宜水温为24-28℃。     

生态养殖培育大规格鲶鱼种的试验

鲶鱼培育地放养鲫亲鱼，自然繁殖，施有机肥培育浮游动物，补充少量颗粒饲料粉末喂养鲫鱼苗，经90d生态养殖，鲶鱼种平均体长达27cm，平均体重达128g，成活率94．8％。     

漠斑牙鲆(Paralichthyslethostigma)苗种培育试验

为探索漠斑牙鲆的苗种培育技术，分别于2003年和2004年从美国引进漠斑牙鲆的初孵仔鱼进行鱼苗培育试验和淡化试验。试验获得了成功。2003年引进初孵仔鱼4.0万尾，培育出体长4～5cm的鱼苗2250尾，鱼苗培育成活率为5.6％，其中前期和后期的培育成活率分别为9．0％和62．5％。2004年引进初孵仔鱼4．5万尾，经培育共获得体长4～5cm的鱼苗2830尾，培育成活率为6．3％，其中前期和后期的培育成活率分别为11．8％和63．6％。经过逐步淡化的鱼苗在纯淡水中生长良好。     

斑点叉尾Hui苗种培育试验

斑点叉尾Ｈｕｉ苗种培育从卵黄苗培育开始，包括鱼苗培育和鱼种培育两个阶段。卵黄苗以技角类为开口铒料，以后逐渐增加投畏罗氏沼虾仔虾料，鱼苗生长发育良好，成活率达９０％以上，鱼种培育用出膜１０－１５天，全长２．０ｃｍ的鱼苗，按７７４２尾／亩，１０５５１尾／亩，１４９８１尾／亩三种密度放养，投喂粗蛋白含量３２％以上的配合饲料，经９９－１３３天的培育，分别获得４３．７％克／尾、１８．８克／尾、１０．９克／尾     

异育银鲫高密度育种技术研究

为解决水库投放异育银鲫鱼种的需要,利用自繁的异有银鲫夏花在10个共4．27hm2池塘中进行了高密度育种技术研究。经60d饲养,在467250－520710尾／hm2的高密度下,成活率80％,饵料系数22,平均单产2445kg／hm2,最高单产3800kg／hm2,平均个体重6．3g,平均体长5．7cm,最大个体重18．5g,最大体长8．4cm。对高密度饲养条件下异育银鲫体长和体重关系作了分析,关系式为：W＝0．011L3．62。     

镜泊湖蒙古鲌人工繁育技术初步研究

从镜泊湖采捕野生蒙古鲌(Culter mongolicus mongolicus)32尾进行了人工繁殖试验。结果显示,注射人工合成激素可促使成熟亲鱼自然发情产卵,水温22~25℃时,催产药物的效应时间为10 h,有5尾雌鱼产卵,共获得受精卵1.5×105粒,孵出鱼苗1.25×105尾,其受精率、孵化率和畸形率为83.6%、90.3%和6.7%。镜泊湖蒙古鲌是产黏性卵的鱼类,吸水膨胀后卵径为(1.42±0.04)mm(n=30),水温23~24℃时,从卵授精到开始破膜出苗约38 h。镜泊湖蒙古鲌的鱼苗可采用土池发塘培育,饲养30 d体长达(3.24±0.29)cm,体重达(0.35±0.09)g,饲养100 d体长为(5.96±0.33)cm,体重为(2.28±0.32)g。     

鳗鲡繁殖生物学研究进展

鳗鲡是优质养殖鱼类,但鳗鲡苗种完全依靠天然捕捞。近年来鳗鲡苗种的短缺限制了鳗鲡养殖业的进一步发展,开展鳗鲡人工繁殖技术研究势在必行。文章从鳗鲡的催熟与催产、产后鳗鲡的某些繁殖生物学以及鳗鲡胚胎和仔鱼发育等方面简要回顾了鳗鲡繁殖生物学的研究概况,并着重介绍了日本的最新研究进展,日本已将人工苗培育至20多厘米的成鱼,实现了实验室内鳗鲡由卵到成鱼的全人工养殖。文章最后指出人工育苗中存在的问题,并提出今后应从内因和外因两方面研究,才能真正实现鳗鲡苗种规模化生产。     

牙鲆室内人工养殖试验

报道了室内养殖牙鲆的试验结果,１９９２年－１９９５年进行的小规模试验。将受精卵培育至鱼苗、成鱼直至成熟亲鱼。在水温为２－２５℃范围内,经过３６个月将全长为５．３ｃｍ鱼苗培育至全长为４６．８ｃｍ、体重为１７８０ｇ的商品鱼,成活率为５０．６％。１９９７年－１９９８年进行的生产性养殖试验,在水温为１０－３３℃范围内。经过１０个月将全长为５．４ｃｍ鱼苗养至全长为３３．４ｃｍ、体篝为３５６ｇ的商品鱼、成活率     

池养白鲫的食性和生长及其养殖的研究

本文对池养条件下白鲫Carassiusc cassius cuvieri(Temminok et Sohlegel)食性相生长及其饲养进行了研究。体长与年龄呈直线关系，体重与年龄呈指数关系。白鲫食性随着生长发育进程而有一定的阶段性，摄食强度呈现出随体长和体重的增长而变弱的趋势．生长亦有差异，幼鱼生长过程因发育阶段而异，前期较后期快；性成熟后生长缓慢，雄鱼更甚．其体长与体重关系为：幼鱼W=0．00001314L3.2428；成鱼W=0．00002232L^2.9397。在渔业生产上对鱼苗和鱼种的饲养过程分为三个阶段似较合理．成鱼饲养中作为搭养鱼类，投放春片鱼种具有显著的增产效果和较高的经济价值．     

Effects of Stocking Sac-Fry and Hatchery-Fed Fry on Production of Fingerling Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus

Abstract.— Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus fry are typically held under hatchery conditions for 7 to 14 d after hatching to allow feeding and growth before they are stocked into nursery ponds to produce fingerling catfish. In an attempt to reduce hatchery operating costs, several catfish fingerling producers in Louisiana presently stock fry within 2 d after hatching before yolk absorption is complete. Fry at this stage of development are commonly referred to as "sac-fry." Although research has shown that fry can be stocked at the onset of yolk absorption with no detrimental effects on subsequent fingerling production, stocking sac-fry has been reported to result in reduced fingerling survival. To further investigate this topic, production trials were conducted in experimental outdoor pools over the course of two growing seasons to evaluate the effect of stocking fry of three different ages (2-, 7-, and 14-d post-hatch, DPH) on survival, growth (weight and length), condition factor (K), yield, feed consumption, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of fingerling catfish. Results from both trials indicated that the age at which fry were stocked had no effect on production characteristics with the exception of growth. Specifically, fingerlings reared from fry stocked at 2 and 7 DPH were significantly larger than fingerlings reared from fry stocked at an age of 14 DPH. These findings suggest that the practice of stocking sac-fry may be a suitable alternative to the traditional procedure of holding and feeding fry under hatchery conditions prior to stocking. However, in order to fully evaluate the effects of early-age stocking of catfish fry on fingerling production, additional studies must be conducted under pond conditions. Furthermore, these studies must be coupled with a rigorous economic analysis before the practice of stocking sac-fry can be recommended to the catfish industry.     

达氏鳇南移培育成熟及全人工繁殖

将由黑龙江引进的达氏鳇苗种在华中地区养殖并培育成亲鱼。早期苗种培育使用生物饵料,后期转投人工配合饲料。养殖方式采用不同规格的水泥池,流水和循环水养殖。2010年春季,经13年培育,达氏鳇平均体质量达73.25kg,平均全长219cm,经检查1组亲鱼性腺发育成熟至Ⅳ期末。经人工催产,采用活体取卵技术获卵20.4万粒,受精率为95%;人工孵化获水花1.75×105尾;产后亲鱼康复存活良好。全人工繁殖获得成功。     

泥河水库梭鲈池塘养殖技术研究

实验梭鲈鱼苗平均全长３．０ｃｍ，平均体重０．１３ｇ，采取自然繁殖饵料鱼与投喂碎野杂鱼的方法，经１２０ｄ饲养，出塘时平均全长１１．５４ｃｍ，平均体重１１．０ｇ，成活率１００％。肥满度Ｋ＝１．３２，体长与体重的回归方程为：Ｗ＝０．０００１３１９Ｌ＾５．０１７９。本文还讨论了梭鲈在高寒地区水产养殖中的价值。     

Impact of Aeration on the Growth Performance of Silver Barb,Puntius gonionotus,during Fingerling Rearing

Impact of aeration on growth of silver barb, Puntius gonionotus during fingerling rearing was studied through a 100‐d rearing experiment conducted in 18 concrete tanks of 50 m² (10 × 5 × 1.2 m) size. Fry (0.74 ± 0.27 g, 35 ± 6 mm) were stocked in the experimental tanks at three stocking densities (25, 50, and 75 fry/m²) and were evaluated with and without provision of 6 h (2400–0600 h) of night time aeration. Aeration resulted in higher pH and dissolved oxygen regime and increased fingerling length and weight. The results suggest a rearing density of 75/m² to be ideal for rearing fry to fingerling of this species when aeration is provided, whereas, under non‐aerated condition, rearing the fry to fingerling stage at 50/m² was found advantageous over those at 25 and 75/m².     

Effects of Stocking Size and Density of Tilapia on Macrobrachium rosenbergii in Polyculture

Studies were conducted to determine the effect of stocking size and density of prawns in polyculture.
In one experiment, postlarval prawns (av. wt. 0.02 g) were stocked in six 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 35,00O/ha. Two ponds were stocked with tilapia fry (av. wt. 0.14 g) and two were stocked with tilapia fingerlings (av. wt. 30.1 g), each at 10,000/ha. Two control ponds had no tilapia. Tilipia stocking size had no effect on prawn growth. Mean weight of prawns after 70 days of culture ranged from a low of 4.5 g when cultured with tilapia fingerlings to a high of 6.6 when cultured in monoculture. Prawn survival was adversely affected by tilapia fry. Average prawn survival in tilapia fry ponds was 65% compared to 75% and 91%, respectively, in tilapia fingerling and monoculture ponds.
In a second experiment, postlarval prawns were stocked in nine 0.02 ha earthen ponds at 40,000/ ha. Six ponds were stocked with 30 g tilapia fingerlings, three at 5,000/ha and three at 15,000/ha. Three control ponds received prawns only. After 100 days of culture, prawn weight ranged from an average of 15.9 g in monoculture ponds to 11.5 g in polyculture ponds. Survival was highest (93.8%) in low density polyculture ponds. Survival was lowest (85.6%) in prawn monoculture ponds. Tilapia reproduction had a negative impact on shrimp production.