猪圆环病毒的致病机理

猪圆环病毒（PCV2）是近年来发现的一种新病毒。该病毒主要侵害哺乳仔猪和育肥猪。主要引起猪断奶后多系统衰竭综合症（PMWS）、猪皮炎肾炎综合症（PDNS）、增生性坏死性肺炎（PNP）、猪呼吸道病综合症（PRDC）、繁殖障碍、先天性颤抖、肠炎等疾病。严重影响猪生长发育。且致死率较高，此病可引起典型的临床症状和病理变化。其典型的临床症状为患猪体质不良、皮肤苍白或有黄疸、消瘦、死亡等，病理特征主要为全身器官的炎性变化。该病自1991年开始报道以来．已成为严重影响养猪业发展的传染病之一，引起了世界许多国家兽医工作者的高度重视。     

猪圆环病毒病研究与综合防控策略(一)

猪圆环病毒病(PCVD)的病原是猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type2,PCV2),主要引起断乳仔猪多系统衰竭综合症(PMWS)、猪皮炎-肾炎综合症(PDNS)、仔猪先天性震颤(CT)、猪增生性-坏死性肠炎及母猪流产等,以发病率高、破坏免疫系统、仔猪高死亡率为主要特点,严重危害生猪养殖业的健康可持续发展并导致重大经济损失。笔者广泛查阅国内外相关文献并结合自身的科研与临床实践,就该病的病原学、发病机理、流行病学、临床症状、病理解剖、实验室诊断、免疫研究以及综合防控措施等的研究进展予以全面综述,以期更好地应对本病的发生和流行。     

猪圆环病毒病研究进展

<正>猪圆环病毒(PCV)病是近几年新发现的一种猪的传染病,由猪圆环病毒(porcine circovirus,PCV)引起猪的一种多系统功能障碍性疾病。猪圆环病毒病临床上以新生仔猪先天性脑震颤和断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(postw-eaning multisystemic wastingsyn-drome,PMWS)等为主要特征。该病原体已被确认为圆环病毒(PCV-2),研究表明,Ⅱ型猪圆环病毒(PCV-2)不仅是断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合症(PMWS)的病原,而且能够引起多种猪病,主要有PMWS、猪皮炎及肾病综合征、猪增生性坏死性肺炎、猪呼吸与繁殖障碍综合征、猪细小病毒、传染性先天性震颤等均与PCV-2感染有重要关联。     

猪病毒性腹泻病的实验室诊断

猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)、猪轮状病毒(RV)3种病毒是目前引起猪腹泻病的主要的肠道病原。这3种病原有类似的传染途径和临床症状，同时也可能混合感染，临床上较难区别，对此3种腹泻病的确诊更多地还依赖于实验室诊断。作者在多年实际经验的基础上对猪传染性胃肠炎病毒(TGEV)、猪流行性腹泻病毒     

猪呼吸综合征的诊断与控制

<正>猪呼吸综合征(PRDC)是由蓝耳病病毒、圆环病毒、副嗜血杆菌等多种病原引起以呼吸道症状为主的一种综合征。也与环境应激和猪抵抗力降低因素有关,常发生于6～12周龄的断奶仔猪。该病导致生长速度下降,猪群发病严重时死亡率可达30%。猪呼吸道疾病综合症一年四季均可发生,在秋末、冬季和春季发病率最高。     

猪传染性胃肠炎的防治措施

猪传染性胃肠炎疾病是以传染性肠胃炎病毒(TGEV)为主要特征的一种急性胃肠道传染疾病,主要通过呼吸道和消化道入侵机体,猪只感染该病毒后严重影响其生长发育,严重则导致猪只脱水死亡。主要介绍了猪传染性胃肠炎病原和流行特点、临床症状,并探讨了猪传染性胃肠炎的综合防治措施,以期提高猪传染性胃肠炎的防治效果。     

猪皮炎肾病综合征(PDNS)防治

<正>皮炎肾病综合症(PDNS)是养猪者目前遇到的主要疾病问题。猪皮炎肾炎综合征(PDNS)是由圆环病毒(PCV2)引起的,最早在英国记载,主要侵害皮肤和肾,并日益发展成为皮肤受损的疾病。该病死亡率虽低,但发病率高,病程长,尤其是在夏秋季节,严重影响猪只的生长发育,给养猪业     

猪圆环病毒感染及其对策

猪圆环病毒是一种高度异质的单股环状DNA病毒,具有严格的种属和组织特异性,主要感染猪的皮肤和黏膜组织,引起相应部位上皮组织的增生性病变.猪圆环病毒还能加重猪呼吸和繁殖障碍综合征病毒(PRRS),猪细小病毒(PPV)等感染,近年来有报道该病毒可引起猪断奶多系统衰弱综合征,该病发病率为10%～20%,死亡率较高,存活猪发育明显受阻,现已在世界上许多国家和地区广泛流行。本文对猪圆环病毒的病原学,流行病学,临床症状,病理变化,诊断及防治等作一简要概述。     

一例断奶仔猪圆环病毒病的诊治

<正>猪圆环病毒病是由猪圆环病毒Ⅱ型引起猪的一种多系统功能障碍性传染病。临床上主要表现为断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合症、新生仔猪先天性震颤、猪皮炎肾病综合征、猪间质性肺炎、母猪繁殖障碍等,并出现严重的免疫抑制,从而容易导致继发或并发其他传染病.     

猪圆环病毒病的诊断与防控对策

<正>猪圆环病毒病(PCVD)是由圆环病毒2型(PCV-2)感染引起的免疫抑制性疾病,是一种新的传染性疾病。单独的圆环病毒2型感染并不会引起猪出现临床症状,病毒只在环境应激、饲养管理不当或其他病原侵袭的情况下才会导致临床发病。猪圆环病毒病是一系列多种不同临床疾病的总称,是指群体病或与PCV-2相关的疾病,包括断奶仔猪多系统衰竭综合征(PMWS)、猪呼吸道病综合征(PRDC)、猪皮炎肾病     

White Spot Syndrome Virus in cultured shrimp: A review

Shrimp is one of the main aquaculture species in the world. Different viruses affect them, which causes serious mortality to economically important species, such as Penaeus monodon, Litopenaeus vannamei and L. stylirostris, among others. White spot syndrome virus or WSSV is a highly lethal, stress‐dependent virus, which belongs to the family Nimaviridae, genus Whispovirus. Three WSSV virus isolates were first detected in 1992 in Thailand, Taiwan and China. Later, a fourth isolate of the virus was detected in the Americas in 1999. This virus has a large circular double‐stranded DNA genome with different sizes (292.9–307.2 kb), where the diverse isolates show differences in virulence. This virus infects a wide range of aquatic crustaceans by vertical and horizontal transmission, with different mortality results. The spread of infection between regions may be due to infected shrimp and carriers such as other crustaceans, seabirds, aquatic arthropods or other vectors. The aim of this work is to describe the current knowledge on the status, transmission, pathology, isolation, control and genomic characteristics of WSSV.     

浙江省和广东省部分地区2005年虾病发生的病原学调查研究

对2005年浙江省和广东省部分养殖场南美白对虾的急性传染病病原进行了研究。临床症状发现大部分病虾带有白斑综合症的明显症状,后通过组织病理学观察,PCR检测及测序分析,证实本次病害的主要病原是白斑综合症病毒,说明白斑综合症在对虾养殖中仍存在着流行趋势。     

Tilapia lake virus: The story so far

Tilapia lake virus (TiLV) is a highly contagious pathogen that has detrimental effects on tilapia farming. This virus was discovered in 2014 and has received tremendous global attention from the aquaculture sector due to its association with high fish mortalities and its strong economic impact on the tilapia aquaculture industry. Currently, TiLV has been reported in 16 countries, and this number is continuing to rise due to improved diagnostic assays and surveillance activities around the world. In this review, we summarize the up-to-date knowledge of TiLV with regard to TiLV host species, the clinical signs of a TiLV infection, the affected tissues, pathogenesis and potential disease risk factors. We also describe the reported information concerning the virus itself: its morphology, genetic make-up and transmission pathways. We review the current methods for virus detection and potential control measures. We close the review of the TiLV story so far, by offering a commentary on the major TiLV research gaps, why these are delaying future TiLV research and why the TiLV field needs to come together and proceed as a more collaborative scientific community if there is any hope limiting the impact of this serious virus.     

ABB~(TM)消毒剂的研发

病毒病是危害畜禽健康的主要疾病，消毒是预防和消灭传染病的最主要的措施。ABB~（TM）消毒剂具有良好的杀病毒能力，弥补了其它消毒剂的致命缺点—杀病毒能力弱或不具有杀病毒能力或其它因素影响了杀病毒效果。ABB~（TM）是一种优秀的环境消毒专用消毒剂。     

Melanin-containing feedstuffs protect Litopenaeus vannamei from white spot syndrome virus

International Aquatic Research - Viral diseases are a serious issue for the shrimp aquaculture industry. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) has been considered one of the most dangerous pathogens...     

斑点叉尾鮰主要疾病及其防治概述

分别对斑点叉尾(Ictalurus punctatus)病毒病(CCVD)、肠道败血症(ESC)、柱形病(Columnaris)、“肠套叠”症(Intestinal intussusception symptom)的流行情况、病原体、临床症状、诊断及防治方法进行了综述。     

Tunic morphology and viral surveillance in diseased Korean ascidians: soft tunic syndrome in the edible ascidian,Halocynthia roretzi (Drasche), in aquaculture

‘Soft tunic syndrome’ causes mass mortality in the edible ascidian Halocynthia roretzi in Korean and Japanese aquaculture. In histopathological comparison, there were no specific differences between diseased specimens from Korea and Japan, indicating that soft tunic syndrome occurring in Korea and Japan is the same disease. No bacterial or protozoan cells were microscopically detected in either healthy or diseased tunics suggesting they are not the direct causes of soft tunic syndrome. Attempts were made to isolate virus from affected ascidians taking into account temperature conditions in which soft tunic syndrome is most prevalent in the field. However, no viruses were isolated from diseased or non‐diseased specimens using chinook salmon embryo (CHSE‐214), flounder fin (FFN) or epithelioma papillosum cyprini (EPC) cell lines.     

Molecular docking and simulation studies of 3‐(1‐chloropiperidin‐4‐yl)‐6‐fluoro benzisoxazole 2 against VP26 and VP28 proteins of white spot syndrome virus

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV), an aquatic virus infecting shrimps and other crustaceans, is widely distributed in Asian subcontinents including India. The infection has led to a serious economic loss in shrimp farming. The WSSV genome is approximately 300 kb and codes for several proteins mediating the infection. The envelope proteins VP26 and VP28 play a major role in infection process and also in the interaction with the host cells. A comprehensive study on the viral proteins leading to the development of safe and potent antiviral therapeutic is of adverse need. The novel synthesized compound 3‐(1‐chloropiperidin‐4‐yl)‐6‐fluoro benzisoxazole 2 is proved to have potent antiviral activity against WSSV. The compound antiviral activity is validated in freshwater crabs (Paratelphusa hydrodomous). An in silico molecular docking and simulation analysis of the envelope proteins VP26 and VP28 with the ligand 3‐(1‐chloropiperidin‐4‐yl)‐6‐fluoro benzisoxazole 2 are carried out. The docking analysis reveals that the polar amino acids in the pore region of the envelope proteins were involved in the ligand binding. The influence of the ligand binding on the proteins is validated by the molecular dynamics and simulation study. These in silico approaches together demonstrate the ligand's efficiency in preventing the trimers from exhibiting their physiological function.     

3种市售养殖对虾白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)的核酸探针检测

对虾白斑综合征病毒是对虾养殖业危害最为严重的病毒, 每年给对虾养殖造成很大经济损失, 已成为对虾养殖业可持续发展的严重障碍。在过去的十几年中, 人们采取各种方法防止白斑综合征病毒的传播。中国明对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis )、凡纳滨对虾( Litopenae vannamei)、日本囊对虾(Marsup enaeus jap onicus)是我国主要的对虾养殖品种, 也是白斑综合征病毒的敏感宿主。按照煮沸- 乙醇沉淀法快速、简便提取市售30 只中国明对虾、28只凡纳滨对虾、29只日本囊对虾DNA, 然后用地高辛标记的核酸探针进行斑点杂交检测白斑综合征病毒,从而了解市场中养殖对虾携带白斑综合征病毒的情况。检测结果显示, 所有样品均未感染白斑综合征病毒, 说明目前白斑综合征病毒在一定程度上得到了有效控制。     

Trade practices are main factors involved in the transmission of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia

Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS), caused by the novirhabdovirus viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), causes significant economic problems to European rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), production. The virus isolates can be divided into four distinct genotypes with additional subgroups. The main source of outbreaks in European rainbow trout farming is sublineage Ia isolates. Recently, this group of isolates has been further subdivided in to two subclades of which the Ia‐2 consists of isolates occurring mainly in Continental Europe outside of Denmark. In this study, we sequenced the full‐length G‐gene sequences of 24 VHSV isolates that caused VHS outbreaks in Polish trout farms between 2005 and 2009. All these isolates were identified as genotype Ia‐2; they divided however into two genetically distinct subgroups, that we name Pol I and Pol II. The Pol I isolates mainly caused outbreaks in the southern part of Poland, while Pol II isolates predominantly were sampled in the north of Poland, although it seems that they have been transmitted to other parts of the country. Molecular epidemiology was used for characterization of transmission pathways. This study shows that a main cause of virus transmission appears to be movement of fish. At least in Polish circumstances trading practices appear to have significant impact on spreading of VHSV infection.