共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 906 毫秒
1.
香蕉组培苗果实的采后病害及防腐保鲜 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对香蕉青果和贮藏期间的病果进行了分离培养和致病性测定,鉴定出潜伏侵染幼果的真菌有Colletotrichummusae(Berk&Curt.)Arx,Fusariumspp.Petalotiasp.和Marcrophomamusae等,造成贮藏病害的主要病菌有Colletotrichummusae,Fusariumspp;Verticiliumsp;Macrophomamusae;Botryodi 相似文献
2.
芒果树流胶病病原菌鉴定和防治研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
芒果树流病有两种病原物:色二孢菌(Diplodia natalensis Pole-Evans)和炭疽菌(C-olletotrichum gloesporiodes penz),以前者为主。用剪除病枝,对大的枝干刮除病部,涂上10%波尔多浆等方法防治芒果流胶病,防治效果达96.7%。 相似文献
3.
轮作是控制大范围土传病害的自然屏障。试验(1989-1991)结果表明,冬大麦和冬小麦混作能降低由眼斑病菌(pseuaocercosporellaherpotrichoicles)、镰刀菌(Fusariumspp.)、小麦全蚀病菌(Gaeumannmycesgraminis)和丝核菌(Rhioctoniacerealis)引起的茎腐病。前茬为谷类混作的,后茬大麦和小麦健茎数目增加。前作为混作时,大麦拔节期和成熟期Fusariumspp.的发病率显著降低(降低幅度大于50%);在大麦成熟期,G.grarminis的发病率从44%(前作大麦)降低到9%(前作混作)。小麦全蚀病的发病率没有因为前作的不同而明显不同。前作为大麦的混作小麦。眼斑病的发病率增加,且病原菌间发生互作,表明竞争的差异。大麦和小麦连续2年混作,控制病害的效果提高。这种情况下,小麦病害降低的程度与小麦单作施杀菌剂效果相似。利用选择性培养基测定小麦下胚轴和根组织的病原频率表明:G.grarminis在小麦组织中的频率从14%(前作大麦)和7%(前作小麦)降低到1%(前作混作),Fusarium.spp的频率一般不受前作的影响。 相似文献
4.
大豆重茬障碍研究进展:Ⅱ大豆重茬障碍机制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
关于大豆重茬障碍机制 ,许多学者从不同角度研究重茬障碍因素。这些因素有直接的 ,也有间接的 ,主要涉及病虫害、生物障碍、自毒作用、生理等方面 ,这些研究结果都不同程度说明了在重茬障碍中的作用。1 土传根部病虫害对重茬障碍的作用大豆土传根部病虫害主要有大豆孢囊线虫 (Het eroderaglycines)、根腐病 (Pythiumspp .、Fusariumspp .与Rhizoctoniaspp.)和根潜蝇 (Ophimyiashibasu)。在重茬大豆田中 ,这三种病虫害多是混合发生的 ,使大豆根部腐烂、纵裂、须根不发… 相似文献
5.
马铃薯早疫链格孢菌(Alternalia solani)可诱导烟草对赤星病产生系统抗性 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
将从马铃薯上分离获得的Alternalia solani菌株用0.5%的灭菌葡萄糖液配成浓度为1.0×105个孢子/毫升的孢悬液,用悬滴法诱导接种温室内8~9叶期NC89烟草植株的第4、5片叶,12天后用烟草赤星病菌对第2、3、6、7片叶进行挑战接种,结果表明,Alternalia solani在一定条件下可诱导烟草植株对赤星病产生系统抗性,抗性诱导效应达86%.此外,分离自白菜、油菜、葱和丁香上的4个Alternalia spp.菌株也可或多或少地诱导烟草植株对赤星病产生抗性. 相似文献
6.
大豆根病生物防治研究与应用 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
大豆根病包括由病原真菌(Fusariumspp,RhizoctoniaSolani,Pythiumsp)侵染为害的大豆根腐病和病原线虫(Heteroderaglycines)寄生为害的大豆胞囊线虫病。该病是东北大豆产区发生普遍为害严重的病害,近年来... 相似文献
7.
芒果是我国南方的热带果树之一.本文介绍福建省芒果炭疽病、芒果梢枯流脏病、芒果白粉病、芒果细菌性黑斑病、芒果灰斑病、芒果黄纹尾夜蛾、芒果短头叶蝉、芒果蚧类等主要病虫害的发生概况及防治技术.供参考应用. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
香草兰根腐病生防菌OBS—2的鉴定 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生防菌OBS-2在盆栽和田间条件下对香草兰镰刀菌根腐病具有良好的防治效果。经形态特征,培养性状和生理生化性状的鉴定,OBS-2菌体杆状,大小0.8-0.9μm×2.2-2.4μm,鞭毛周生,G氏染色阳性G^+,芽孢位置中生,梭形,芽孢囊不膨大,生理生化性状与标准对照菌Bacillus subtilis 1.936相似,确定为枯草杆菌Bacillus subtilis。 相似文献
11.
由枝状枝孢霉(Cladosporium cladosporioides)侵染引起的杧果露水斑病是近年杧果上新发生的病害,主要为 害果实。明确该菌能否穿透果皮侵入果肉,可为防治该病害选择合适的药剂提供依据。本 研 究 将 绿色荧光蛋白基因 gfp 和潮霉素抗性基因 hygB 表达盒插入了经定点突变后 Cl. cladosporioides 的 ITS 序列中,成功构建了 pITGH 重组载 体,将其用 PEG 介导方法转化杧果露水斑病菌原生质体,获得了在菌丝、分生孢子、萌发的分生孢子中稳定发出绿色 荧光的 GFP 标记菌株,该标记菌株与野生菌的菌落形态、颜色及致病力无明显差异,生长速度明显慢于野生菌。用该 标记菌株观察侵染过程,发现杧果露水斑病菌可以在杧果果皮上侵染和扩展,但不能扩展至果肉中。该结果为选择农 药类型提供了依据,也为进一步研究该病菌在活体杧果上的生物学、预测病害和通过观察定殖情况确定杧果品种的抗 病性等奠定了良好的材料基础。 相似文献
12.
13.
A. Nurul Huda M. R. Che Salmah A. Abu Hassan A. Hamdan M. N. Abdul Razak 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2015,15(1)
Measuring wild pollinator services in agricultural production is very important in the context of sustainable management. In this study, we estimated the contribution of native pollinators to mango fruit set production of two mango cultivars Mangifera indica (L). cv. ‘Sala’ and ‘Chok Anan’. Visitation rates of pollinators on mango flowers and number of pollen grains adhering to their bodies determined pollinator efficiency for reproductive success of the crop. Chok Anan failed to produce any fruit set in the absence of pollinators. In natural condition, we found that Sala produced 4.8% fruit set per hermaphrodite flower while Chok Anan produced 3.1% per flower. Hand pollination tremendously increased fruit set of naturally pollinated flower for Sala (>100%), but only 33% for Chok Anan. Pollinator contribution to mango fruit set was estimated at 53% of total fruit set production. Our results highlighted the importance of insect pollinations in mango production. Large size flies Eristalinus spp. and Chrysomya spp. were found to be effective pollen carriers and visited more mango flowers compared with other flower visitors. 相似文献
14.
15.
V. Seguin S. Lemauviel‐Lavenant D. Garon V. Bouchart Y. Gallard B. Blanchet S. Diquelou E. Personeni P. Gauduchon A. Ourry 《Grass and Forage Science》2010,65(3):304-317
Pulmonary diseases such as recurrent airway obstruction have become a major concern in the horse industry. Airborne dust, including aeroallergens from forages, is suspected to be the main factor in its aetiology. Hypothesizing that grassland flora could affect hay hygienic quality, and therefore have implications for the respiratory health of horses, we compared five single‐species hays (Trifolium repens, Lolium perenne, Alopecurus geniculatus, Poa trivialis and Holcus lanatus). Multi‐species hay from Normandy, and different commercial forages (single‐species haylage, multi‐species haylage, Crau hay and hay from Swiss mixing), chosen to represent current horse forages, were also investigated. Dust, moulds, pollens and endotoxins were different among forage types, while mycotoxins were not detected in any of the forage types. Holcus lanatus hay was the dustiest among the single‐species hays but also the least contaminated by moulds. A particular mould profile was associated with each plant species. The four commercial forages appeared to have a better hygienic quality than the multi‐species hay. Among commercial forages, the single‐species haylage was the least dusty but also the most contaminated by moulds. Overall the results suggest that the hygienic quality of equine forages could be improved by an appropriate choice of grassland species. 相似文献
16.
17.
Bactrocera invadens, the Asian fruit fly, was first reported in
Kenya in 2003, and it spread fast to most tropical countries in Africa. To our
knowledge, there is no detailed data on the fruit damage and status of fruit
flies in Arba Minch and elsewhere in Ethiopia. Hence, information on the species
composition and pest status of the fruit fly species is urgent to plan
management strategies in the area. Fruit flies were captured using male
parapheromone-baited traps. Matured mango (Mangifera indica)
fruits were collected from randomly selected mango trees and incubated
individually in cages (15 by 15 by 15 cm) with sandy soil. B.
invadens was the predominant (96%; 952 of 992) captured
species and the only fruit fly species emerging from mango fruits incubated in
the laboratory. The mean number of adult B. invadens emerging
per mango fruit was 35.25, indicating that the species is the most devastating
mango fruit fly in the area. The loss due to this species would be serious if no
management strategies are implemented. 相似文献
18.
19.
利用 SRAP 分子标记技术对来自 12 个国家或地区的 54 份杧果种质进行了遗传多样性分析,并对 SRAP 标记 在杧果研究中的效率做了探讨。结果表明,SRAP 标记在杧果种质中具有丰富的多态性,引物多态性条带百分比在 79.31%~100%,平均为 93.10%;引物的有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s 基因多样性指数(H)、Shannon’s 信息指数(I) 和多态性信息含量(PIC)平均值分别为 1.73、0.41、0.60 和 0.87,表明 SRAP 标记具有较高的多态性检测效率。基于 SRAP 标记计算获得的遗传相似系数对杧果种质做聚类分析,54 份杧果种质可被划分为 3 个类群。主成分分析与聚类 分析反映的种质亲缘关系基本一致。 相似文献
20.
利用 SRAP 分子标记技术对来自 12 个国家或地区的 54 份杧果种质进行了遗传多样性分析,并对 SRAP 标记在杧果研究中的效率做了探讨。结果表明,SRAP 标记在杧果种质中具有丰富的多态性,引物多态性条带百分比在79.31%~100%,平均93.10%;引物的有效等位基因数(Ne)、Nei’s 基因多样性指数(H)、Shannon’s 信息指数(I)和多态性信息含量(PIC)平均值分别为 1.73、0.41、0.60 和 0.87,表明 SRAP 标记具有较高的多态性检测效率。基于SRAP 标记计算获得的遗传相似系数对杧果种质做聚类分析,54 份杧果种质可被划分为 3 个类群。主成分分析与聚类分析反映的种质亲缘关系基本一致。 相似文献