共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 265 毫秒
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在浙西南地区气候条件下,采用0~7.2℃模型、7.2℃模型、犹他模型和0~9.8℃模型4种低温模型对主要李品种花芽休眠需冷量进行估算。试验结果表明:采用犹他模型估算需冷量年际间差异小,本地区李需冷量研究宜采用犹他模型。以犹他模型测定结果显示,试验品种中低温需冷量低的品种为芙蓉李和红心李,约为660~720c.u;其次是贵阳李、黑宝石、红肉李、皇家宝石、佛来索、李王和盖县大李,约为720~800c.u;再次是黑琥珀、凯尔斯和玫瑰皇后,约为800~830c.u;需冷量最高的品种为早美丽、红晶李、大石早生、金滴李,约为900~930c.u。 相似文献
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设施葡萄常用品种的需冷量、需热量及2者关系研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用3种不同的需冷量估算模型(≤7.2℃模型、0~7.2℃模型和犹他模型)和2种不同的需热量估算模型(生长度小时模型和有效积温模型)分别对22种设施葡萄常用品种的需冷量和需热量进行测定,同时分析2者的相互关系。结果表明,葡萄解除休眠的需冷量和萌芽展叶的需热量因品种和种不同而异。需冷量值品种间差异较大,介于573~1 246 h(≤7.2℃模型)或573~971 h(0~7.2℃模型)或917~1 090 C.U(犹他模型),且欧美杂种品种需冷量值普遍高于欧亚种品种;而需热量值品种间差异较小,介于9 976~12 541 GDH℃(生长度小时模型)或253~353 D℃(有效积温模型),且欧美杂种品种略低于欧亚种品种。同时研究表明葡萄的需冷量和需热量与其果实成熟期没有必然联系。无论以何种估算模型估算葡萄的需冷量和需热量,我国设施葡萄常用品种的需冷量和需热量之间均呈负相关关系。 相似文献
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以宁夏地区设施延迟栽培的8个葡萄品种为试材,采用犹他模型和2种需热量估算模型估算需冷量和需热量,研究了设施葡萄延迟栽培模式下8个葡萄品种连续2年打破休眠过程中的需冷量、需热量以及需热量与需冷量、温度变化与需冷量的相关性,以期为温度在延迟栽培模式下对葡萄休眠解除的作用提供参考依据。结果表明:在设施延迟栽培模式下,犹他模型估算的8个葡萄品种2年内的需冷量介于75.36~392.41 C.U,生长度小时模型和有效积温模型估算的8个葡萄品种的需热量分别介于8 820~12 096 GDH℃和64.80~140.22 D℃。需冷量与生长度小时模型估算的需热量之间呈显著负相关,与有效积温模型估算的需热量之间呈正相关,但无显著差异。需冷量与昼夜温差和>20℃气温累计时数均呈极显著负相关关系。综上所述,在设施延迟栽培模式下,变温和高温的积累时数是葡萄打破休眠的主要温度因素。 相似文献
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2008—2010年连续3年,分别采用0~7.2℃模型、≤7.2℃模型和犹他模型估算四川省成都地区早熟梨品种翠冠和爱甘水的需冷量。结果表明,采用3种模型估算的2个早熟梨品种不同年际间需冷量差异较大;相同模型下,估算爱甘水需冷量数值大于翠冠;在四川省成都地区,适宜选择犹他模型估算2个早熟梨品种需冷量,估算的数值在年际间差异较小,翠冠顶花芽和叶芽需冷量分别为716~952、696~782 C.U,爱甘水顶花芽和叶芽需冷量分别为869~952、831~952 C.U,2个梨品种自然休眠结束期在1月3—17日。建议四川省成都地区翠冠和爱甘水梨设施栽培时,扣棚时间为1月上旬至中旬。 相似文献
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《中国果树》2018,(6)
以父本中华猕猴桃‘磨山4号’、母本毛花猕猴桃品系6113及杂交子代品种‘金艳’和‘满天红’为试材,利用动力学模型、犹他模型和0~7.2℃模型评估其叶芽和花芽需冷量。结果表明:这些品种(系)不同模型的叶芽需冷量分别为30.5~55.2 CP(动力学模型)、489.0~1 005.7 CU(犹他模型)、357.4~848.8 CH(0~7.2℃模型),花芽需冷量分别为36.9~60.1 CP、612.0~1 117.7 CU、487.8~944.5 CH;母本6113和子代‘金艳’叶芽和花芽需冷量均显著高于父本‘磨山4号’和子代‘满天红’。本研究中,动力学模型首次运用于我国猕猴桃需冷量研究,其评估结果与犹他模型、0~7.2℃模型一致。研究结果为猕猴桃品种的引种和栽培提供理论依据,也为了解猕猴桃需冷量的遗传规律提供参考。 相似文献
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《果树学报》2020,(7)
【目的】通过研究宁夏地区设施葡萄品种的需冷量、需热量及二者之间的关系,筛选出适合估算该地区设施栽培葡萄需冷量、需热量的估算模型,为设施葡萄生产提供理论依据和参考。【方法】以宁夏地区设施栽培常用的8个葡萄品种为试材,利用3种需冷量估算模型(≤7.2℃模型、0~7.2℃模型和犹他模型)和6种需热量估算模型(生长度小时模型、有效积温模型、最大积温模型、温度最大值累计模型、平均温度累计模型和热量模型)估算3 a(年)内各品种休眠期需冷量和萌芽期需热量;比较不同估算模型对估算结果的年际间变异系数,探究需冷量与需热量之间的关系。【结果】宁夏地区设施栽培葡萄需冷量因品种不同差异较大,其中‘汤姆逊’品种需冷量最高,‘白宝石’品种需冷量最低,3 a内8个葡萄品种需冷量依次为‘汤姆逊’‘6-12’‘红地球’‘维多利亚’‘红十月’‘贵妃玫瑰’‘奥古斯特’‘白宝石’;品种间需热量差异较小,其中‘白宝石’品种需热量最高,‘红地球’品种需热量最低,3 a内8个葡萄品种需热量依次为‘白宝石’‘贵妃玫瑰’‘维多利亚’‘6-12’‘奥古斯特’‘红十月’‘汤姆逊’‘红地球’。对于供试葡萄品种需冷量的估算,犹他模型效果最好,3 a内的变异系数为5.66%;对于需热量的估算,以生长度小时模型最为稳定,3 a内的变异系数为3.83%。尽管葡萄需冷量和需热量均与其浆果成熟期无必然联系,但无论以何种模型估算需冷量与需热量,二者之间都呈负相关。【结论】宁夏地区以犹他模型估算品种需冷量、生长度小时模型估算品种需热量最适宜;需冷量与需热量之间呈负相关。 相似文献
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桃品种需冷量评价模式的探讨 总被引:34,自引:2,他引:34
通过1986~2001年对450余份桃品种需冷量的7.2℃模式、0~7.2℃模式(不包括0℃)和犹它模式比较分析,归纳出桃品种需冷量的评价模式为:以秋季日平均温度稳定低于7.2~C的日期为需冷量测定的起点,以0~7.2℃累积低温值作为需冷量的评价标准比较适宜;犹它模式在中需冷量和长需冷量范围内能有效预测休眠的结束,而不适宜低需冷量品种的测定;7.2℃模式不适宜作为需冷量的评价模式。品种的需冷量与叶芽开放和始花期的相关系数分别为0.52和0.58,均达到极显著水平。提出了桃品种需冷量评价的系列标准参照品种。 相似文献
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Temperate-zone crops require a period of winter chilling to terminate dormancy and ensure adequate bud break the following spring. The exact chilling requirement of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum), a commercially important crop in northern Europe, is relatively unknown. Chill unit models have been successfully utilized to determine the optimum chilling temperature of a range of crops, with one chill unit equating to 1 h exposure to the optimum temperature for chill satisfaction. Two-year-old R. nigrum plants of the cultivars ‘Ben Gairn’, ‘Ben Hope’ and ‘Ben Tirran’ were exposed to temperatures of −10.1 °C, −3.4 °C, 0.1 °C, 1.5 °C, 2.1 °C, 3.4 °C or 8.9 °C (±0.7 °C) for durations of 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 or 10 weeks and multiple regression analyses used to determine the optimum temperature for chill satisfaction. 相似文献
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1-MCP对不同成熟度白凤桃冷害发生的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以白凤桃果实为材料,研究了1-甲基环丙烯(1-MCP)对低温冷藏条件下果实成熟生理和冷害发生的影响。实验采用25μL/L1-MCP分别对底色转白期(MG)和成熟期(RR)桃果实进行处理,然后置于(0±1)℃冷库中贮藏24d。结果表明,1-MCP处理都能够延缓MG和RR果实的后熟软化进程,降低乙烯释放量,并抑制了果实快速软化阶段的PG酶活性;1-MCP处理提高了贮藏后期MG果实的硬度,降低了出汁率,加剧了冷害的发生程度,1-MCP处理对RR果实的冷害发生率没有显著影响,表明1-MCP对桃冷害的发生程度与果实成熟度有关。 相似文献
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Norberto Gariglio Diego E. González Rossia Marisa Mendow Carmina Reig Manuel Agusti 《Scientia Horticulturae》2006
Stem cuttings were obtained from 12 peach and nectarine cultivars during leaf fall, placed in plastic bags at 3.0 ± 0.1 °C to simulate 0–800 h of chilling and forced to budbreak at 20.0 ± 1.0 °C for a period of 6 weeks. Some cultivars showed high blooming and leafing without exposure to chilling; chilling enhances leafing and blooming but the percentage increment was higher in leaf buds. In general, maximum budbreak was reached with less chilling accumulation (<100–200 h) in flower buds compared with leaf buds; excessive chilling caused a reduction of the percentage budbreak in flower but not in leaf buds. Additionally, chilling modified the proportion of blooming that occurred before leafing. In non-chilled shoots, blooming occurred earlier than leafing, except in cv. ‘San Pedro 16–33’ but the proportion of blooming before leafing decreased significantly with chilling in most cases. By studying the mean time to budbreak, we conclude that the flower bud generally has a lower intensity of rest; the intensity of rest declines at a slower rate in flower than in leaf buds with chilling; flower buds had greater heat requirements than leaf buds when the chilling requirement had been covered, so that each peach cultivar had a point of critical chilling accumulation below which blooming tended to occur earlier, and above which leafing tends to occur first. Flower and leaf buds had different depths of endodormancy but similar chilling requirements in the majority of peach and nectarine cultivars studied. Finally, different varieties with similar chilling requirements showed different responses to chilling. Therefore, the cutting test measuring the response of vegetative and floral buds provides considerable information on the characterisation of the variety, compared with the sole and traditional data of chilling requirements. 相似文献
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Paclobutrazol (PBZ) is a member of the triazole plant-growth inhibitor group that is responsible for inducing tolerance to number of biotic and abiotic stresses. An experiment was, therefore, conducted to test whether PBZ application at various concentrations (0, 25, 50 and 75 mg L−1) through seed soaking or foliar spray would protect watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seedlings, subjected to chilling stress. Thirty-five-day old plants were exposed to chilling 5 h/day at 4 °C for 5 days. PBZ improved growth rate of watermelon seedling subjected to chilling stress and increased relative leaf chlorophyll content (RLCC) and chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (Fv/Fm) compared with the control at the end of chilling stress. PBZ ameliorated the injury caused by chilling stress by inhibiting increases in proline and leaf electrolyte leakage, which suggested that PBZ ameliorated the negative effect of chilling stress. PBZ was most effective in increased chilling tolerance of watermelon seedling when applied using the seed soak method than as a foliar spray. The best protection appeared to be obtained from seedlings seed soaked with PBZ at 50 and 75 mg L−1. 相似文献
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热激减轻柿果冷害及其与脂氧合酶的关系 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
为研究采后柿果实冷害发生机理,探讨热激延缓采后柿果冷害的技术措施,以扁花柿果为试材,研究了经48℃热空气处理3h后,在1℃下冷藏时,热激对柿果冷害、脂氧合酶活性和膜脂脂肪酸含量的影响。结果表明,热激延缓了脂氧合酶活性的上升,其棕榈酸和硬脂酸的相对含量低于对照,而亚油酸和亚麻酸相对含量反而高于对照,并降低柿果冷害指数,但对油酸相对含量则无明显影响。这表明,热激减轻柿果冷害可能与抑制脂氧合酶活性和提高果实亚油酸和亚麻酸相对含量有关。 相似文献