西伯利亚红松与红松幼苗光合及生长特性比较

采用LI-6400xrt光合仪测定西伯利亚红松和红松的净光合速率和光合响应曲线,并调查、比较红松和西伯利亚红松的树高生长量。结果表明:西伯利亚红松最大光合速率略大于红松;红松与外界环境因子相关性较大;西伯利亚红松光补偿点比红松低;西伯利亚红松树高生长量较红松略大。     

西伯利亚红松造林效果初探

通过对西伯利亚红松3个种源与当地红松高生长量的比较,分析在长白山系汪清林区内不同种源西伯利亚红松与当地红松的生长差异,确定了托木斯克州种源适合在本地区大面积推广。经11 a研究,初步掌握了该树种幼年期生长规律,摸索出一整套西伯利亚红松造林技术。     

长白山高寒山区引种西伯利亚红松造林研究报告

西伯利亚红松[pinussibirica．（Loud．）Mayr．〕主产于原苏联，它有着与红松（PinuskoraiensisSieb．etzicc）相似的优良材质，营养丰富的果实。在产地主要成林树种中，按利用价值的总和衡量，西伯利亚红松最为珍贵。几年来的引种、调查与研究，与红松相比较，西伯利亚红松极为耐寒、耐干旱瘠薄、耐水湿等，在长白山高寒山区，高海拔地带（海拔1300～1500m）表现出良好的生长与适应特性。     

科尔沁沙地西伯利亚红松引种探讨

2004年辽宁省固沙造林研究所从东北林业大学引种西伯利亚红松,采用异砧嫁接方法嫁接到沙地樟子松容器苗上。现嫁接成活率为95%,圃地的栽植成活率为92%,林地的移栽成活率为95.4%,都达到了预期效果。通过12a的引种试验表明,选择优良穗条异砧嫁接育苗,并在嫁接后加强管理,注意苗木的生长情况、越冬防寒及防治病虫害,引种就能获得成功。引种西伯利亚红松对于丰富沙地地区的树种资源具有重要意义。     

红松人工林培育技术

在黑龙江省山河屯林业局凤凰山等4个林场的6个大林班内6个小林班进行红松人工林培育实验,所选地块均为适合红松林生长的荒地类,而且均设置了对照区。实验得出结论:从地类因子对红松径、高生长量影响来分析,以荒地类生长量最高;从坡向、坡位、坡度因子对红松径、高的影响来分析,阴坡的平均径、高生长量明显高于阳坡,以坡下位的平均径、高最高,并随坡度增加生长量逐渐降低,平坡和缓坡(5°-15°)的条件是红松适宜生长的立地条件;从土壤类型和土壤深度对红松径、高的影响来分析,以暗棕壤土红松的径、高生长量最高,而且其各生长指标随土层厚度的增加呈上升趋势,土层厚度大于50cm对红松生长最好;不同修枝高度对红松幼林的径、高影响很大,以中度修枝程度最有利于提高生长量。     

红桤木引种栽培试验

2005-2007年,从美国引进红桤木在江苏六合和安徽南陵进行引种造林试验,结果表明红桤木具有较好的生长适应性,是一个优良的速生树种。造林3 a时,平均树高生长量分别达到3.98 m和5.01 m,地径生长量达到5.9cm和7.14 cm。实生红桤木个体间早期生长差异较大,地径与苗高生长显著相关。引种红桤木4年生时已大量开花结实,进入性成熟期。     

引种西伯利亚红松绿化城镇

西伯利亚红松（Pinus sibirica）高大俊美，是欧亚寒温带著名成林树种，在俄罗斯素有“西伯利亚美男子”之称。1990年，黑龙江省塔河县引种西伯利亚红松。目前，造林面积累计逾千亩。十几年引种试验表明：在我国高寒地区引种西伯利亚红松，生长较快且没有严重病、虫、鼠、风、旱、冻等灾害。     

辽东山区抚育间伐对红松林分生长的影响

为探讨辽东山区抚育间伐对红松林分生长的影响,对红松林分实施不同强度的抚育间伐试验,并进行林分的平均高、胸径、材积等指标的测量与分析,结果表明:与对照区域相比,间伐区域红松直径生长量可提高6%~15%,生长量的增加幅度随间伐强度的增大而增大;抚育间伐对立木材积影响明显,通过间伐能生产出高规格、高质量的大径级材,大强度抚育间伐可使红松主伐时间提前20a以上,但抚育间伐对树高的生长影响较小。     

在大兴安岭引种西伯利亚红松的可行性探讨

通过对大兴安岭林区引种西伯利亚红松的必要性和可行性的探讨以及对满归和塔河两个林业局西伯利亚红松引种实验生长数据的调查分析,推断西伯利亚红松确实是一个耐严寒、耐贫瘠的优良品种,在大兴安岭林区不仅能够成活,而且生长良好,引种前景十分广阔。     

在大兴安岭引种西伯利渡红松的可行性探讨

通过对大兴安岭林区引种西伯利亚红松的必要性和可行性的探讨以及对满归和塔河两个林业局西伯利亚红松引种实验生长数据的调查分析,推断西伯利亚红松确实是一个耐严寒、耐贫瘠的优良品种,在大兴安岭林区不仅能够成活,而且生长良好,引种前景十分厂阔。     

DETERMINATION ABOUT THE NORTHWESTERN AREA LIMIT OF PINUS KORAIENSIS AND THE GEOGRAPHIC OCCURRENCE OF PINUS SIBIRICA

By investigation,studying and discussion for 9 years,the determination that it shouldbe Pinus sibirica growing in the Mohe county,Daxing'anling Mountains area,China,ratherthan pinus koraiensis there,is made to correct a false argument in some works from 1950s’till nowthat Pinus koraiensis area limit reach Daxing'anling Mountain.The results are as follows:(1)Thespecies so called as Pinus koraiensis found in northwest of Daxing'anling.Mountain is PinusSibirica indeed;There are no natural distribution of Pinus Koraiensis in Daxing'anling Mountain.Its northwest area limit only reach Shengshan,Aihui county;(3)There is about 500km of space be-tween the area limits of Pinus koraiensis and that of Pinus sibirica,no mixed growing area.Accord-ing to above,a sketch map is made to describe different area limit of the two species at Daxing'anl-ing Mountain and nearby.     

毛赤杨在小陇山林区的引种栽培

通过对毛赤杨在甘肃小陇山林区28年的引种试验,调查结果表明,毛赤杨在小陇山林区表现出明显的生长优势和较强的适应性,26年生毛赤杨平均胸径23.8 cm,树高13.5 m,已开花结实,繁殖新的苗木。实现了从种子-苗木-种子的引种过程,毛赤杨在甘肃小陇山林区引种初获成功,可在小陇山林区推广造林。     

几种松树在建水县石漠化地区生长状况研究

对建水县小关石漠化地区栽种的云南松、马尾松、加勒比松、湿地松10a生林分生长状况进行调查,通过对树高、胸径、冠幅的方差分析及LSD检验,结果表明：树高年平均生长量加勒比松最大,云南松最小;胸径年平均生长量也是加勒比松最大,云南松最小;冠幅年平均生长量则是云南松最大,马尾松最小．加勒比松、马尾松可作为建水县石漠化地区造林树种进行推广;云南松作为乡土树种虽然存在有蹲苗期、前期生长量低等问题,但也可作为造林推广树种;湿地松则适宜培育小径材,可作为备选树种．     

Intraspecific geographic variation and primary selection on the best provenance ofPinus sylvestris var.mongolica

This paper summarizes the result from the provenance test of eight years oldPinus sylvestris var.mongolica in Liangshui Natural Reserve comprehensively. The main contents include:(l) the geographic variation of the growth characters ofPinus sylvestris var. mongolica, tends to negative change gradually at latitude and has obvious climatic nature, (2) no significant difference exists in the morphological adaptability and resistant characteristics and so on; (3)on the basis of the geographic variation study on the growth characteristics, the provenances ofPinus sylvestris var.mongolica were classified into two geographic populations and two subpopulations as follows: the northern population of the Daxing’an Mountain (I) and the southern population of the Daxing’an Mountain as well as the Xiaoxing’an Mountain (II), which includes Honghuarji subpopulation (II -1) and Kalunshan subpopulation (II-2). (4) the height growth rhythm was analyzed according to the divided population and subpopulation; (5) the best provenance was selected for the Liangshui Natural Reserve and its neighborhood according to the results from SSR test of the growth characteristics (the breast height diameter and height of eight year old trees), the possibility of the early provenance selection was also verified by the method of order correlation analysis on the height growth of three, five, seven and eight years old provenances.     

3个松类树种在富源县石漠化地区造林成效探析

对富源县三道箐林场石漠化地区栽植的4~5年生湿地松、云南松、华山松林分生长状况进行调查,对树高、地径年均生长量进行方差分析及LSD检验,以对比3个松类树种在石漠化地区造林成效。结果表明,树高年均生长量湿地松最大,华山松最小;地径年均生长量也是湿地松最大,华山松最小。湿地松可作为富源县石漠化地区松类造林树种进行推广。     

海南阿陀岭加勒比松树高曲线的研究

利用多模型选优法对海南省阿陀岭加勒比松的树高与胸径关系进行分析研究,结果表明:用Weibull模型和Schumacher模型拟合海南加勒比松的树高曲线精度最高,指数函数的精度最低。     

内蒙古大青山前坡油松人工林生长特征研究

以内蒙古大青山前坡38 a生、17 a生油松人工林为研究对象,对林分生长特征、部分立地因子特征进行调查分析,研究造林立地因子对人工林生长的影响。结果表明:(1)38 a生油松人工林平均树高、胸径和冠幅分别为7.36 m、9.8 cm和261.1 cm;17 a生油松人工林平均树高、胸径和冠幅分别为2.86 m、8.1 cm和209.5 cm。(2)在林分密度相近时,38 a生油松人工林不同坡位平均树高、胸径、冠幅大小顺序均为:下坡位>上坡位;在不同坡向,上述指标大小顺序为:北坡>东坡>西坡>南坡,且相互之间差异显著(P<0.05)。(3)林地土层厚度和土壤砂砾含量通过改变水分和养分物质储量对油松生长产生影响。以南坡为代表的阳坡平均土层厚度83.9 cm,砂砾含量58.9%,以北坡为代表的阴坡平均土层厚度53.6 cm,砂砾含量为42.0%,不同坡向之间的差异极显著(P<0.01)。土壤含水率随砂砾含量的增加而降低,且相关性显著(P<0.05)。(4)38 a生油松林分密度在<2000株·hm-2或>2700株·hm-2时,平均树高、胸径均低于2300株·hm-2。因此,在今后林分经营过程中应对高密度林分加强抚育间伐,优化林分结构,提高林分生产力和生态功能。     

Growth and reproduction in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pinus sibirica</Emphasis> ecotypes from Western Siberia in a common garden experiment

Experimental studies of forest trees’ intraspecies variations in reproduction and reproductive allocation are scarce. Such studies are relevant for the Siberian stone pine (Pinus sibirica Du Tour) because of the high value of its seeds and wood. To reveal growth and reproductive variations among Siberian stone pine ecotypes in relation to the climate of the provenances, we examined their growth height, crown diameter, stem volume, number of female cones, and male shoots, at different ages, in the clonal common garden experiment established in 1996 in Russia. Scions were obtained from 11 to 19 randomly selected 100–170-year old trees in each of four natural stands located on the latitudinal transect on the West Siberian plain. They were grafted onto local 4 year old Siberian stone pine seedlings and grown in a common garden experiment comprising nine plots near the southern margin of the species’ natural range. Growth traits were affected by climatic conditions in the provenances: generally, a warmer climate was associated with more rapid growth. Variation among the ecotypes at the graft age of 12 years was not large; however, it significantly increased by the age of 19. The relationship was ambiguous between reproductive traits and the climate of the provenances. The proportion of female, male and bisexual clones varied among years in all ecotypes. Most of the clones had only female cones; male clones were less common. The southern ecotype showed rapid growth and formed the lowest number of male shoots and female cones. The northern ecotype showed the weakest growth and moderate cone bearing, along with abundant male flowering. The intermediate ecotypes had a moderate growth and the highest numbers of cones, along with moderate numbers of male shoots. These results demonstrate the fundamental differences in the patterns and nature of variation in growth and reproductive traits.     

黑松引种试验研究

对引种的黑松进行了育苗和多点造林试验,从生长和抗逆性上进行了观测.苗期试验表明,黑松苗期在小陇山林区适应性强,苗期保存率高于油松,苗期生长表现与油松差异不显著,2年生苗木平均地径0.61 cm ,平均苗高16.30 cm.多点造林试验表明,黑松适应小陇山林区的气候、立地条件,抗鼠害能力比油松强,造林成活率和保存率比油松高,幼林生长表现与油松差异不显著.8年生黑松林分平均胸径3.20 cm,平均高2.98 m.引种获得成功,丰富了小陇山林区营造生态公益林的种质资源.