第二代杉木林速生阶段微量元素含量与分布

分析了第2代杉木林速生阶段生态系统内各组分微量元素的含量和分布,及杉木各组分微量元素含量与土壤中微量元素含量的相关性.结果表明土壤中微量元素含量高低依次为Fe＞Mn＞Zn＞Cu,死地被物层中(除Mn外)Fe、Cu、Zn含量均低于土壤中的含量,且含量大小顺序为Mn＞Fe＞Zn＞Cu;草本层中Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn含量普遍高于灌木层;杉木叶片中微量元素含量与杉木的生长级无关,而与叶龄有关.在杉木各器官中,微量元素含量的排列顺序为叶＞枝＞皮＞根＞干.杉木对不同微量元素的吸收系数有明显的差异,对Mn的生物吸收系数最高,平均为1.744,杉木是富集Mn的植物.     

苏南丘陵主要森林类型土壤微量元素含量及其动态特性

以苏南丘陵主要森林类型土壤为对象,分析测定了土壤中微量元素Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn,Mo,B的全量和有效量.并对林木叶、枯落物和土壤微量元素的动态特性进行了分析.结果表明：该地区森林土壤全量B,Zn,Mn低于全国平均水平,属低B区;Fe,Mn,Cu全量较为丰富.有效态B,Mo,Cu含量很低,处于临界含量水平以下;有效2n含量稍高,有效Fe,Mn特别丰富.毛竹叶片对各微量元素有较为突出的富集作用;林木叶、枯落物和土壤微量元素的动态变化随林分类型和元素不同而异.与叶相比,土壤微量元素的变幅较大、枯落物是森林土壤微量元素的重要供应库.     

桤木人工林细根与土壤养分含量季节动态变化

对桤木人工林细根、土壤养分含量的季节变化及其两者之间的关系进行了研究.结果表明:(1)桤木细根中大量元素N、Ca、K、Mg、P含量冬季高,春季最低;微量元素Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu、Pb、Ni、Cd含量冬季最低,春夏季较高.(2)土壤各层中大量元素N、Ca、K、Mg、P含量冬季最低,夏季最高;微量元素Mn、Zn含量在冬季最低,秋季最高;Fe、Ni、Pb、Cu、Cd含量在冬季最高,春秋较低.(3)细根和土壤中大量元素含量在冬季存在负相关关系,微量元素Fe、Ni、Cd含量在一年四季均存在显著负相关关系,Mn、Cu含量在春季、夏季和秋季存在负相关关系,Zn、Pb含量在春季、夏季和秋季存在正相关关系.     

不同年龄秦岭细鳞鲑肌肉中矿质元素含量特征

采集太白山南坡红水河野生细鳞鲑肌肉样品,采用原子吸收光谱法测定K、Na、Ca、Mg、P、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn元素含量。结果表明:细鳞鲑肌肉中常量元素K平均含量很高,而Na含量相对较低;微量元素Zn和Fe含量较丰富,同时,1龄鱼肌肉中Ca及Cu、Mn和Zn含量最高。随年龄增长,细鳞鲑肌肉中矿质元素含量也发生了改变。     

21种迁地保护植物微量元素与土壤养分状况分析

在“生态相似性”的迁地保护理论的指导下．研究了武汉植物园迁地保护植物樟科和木兰科21种珍稀植物的营养状况,及其所生长土壤的营养条件．结果表明:酸性土壤中Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn、B、Mo6种微量元素的有效态含量顺序为Fe>Mo>Cu>Zn>B >Mo,其平均值大小与全国平均值相差不大;植物叶片中微量元素含量大小顺序为Fe>Mn(或Mn>Fe)>B>Zn(或Zn>B)>Cu> Mo;与正常含量范围相比,所有植物Mn含量偏高,部分植物Fe含量较大．Cu、Zn、B含量较为正常,Mo含量偏低;生物吸收系数大小顺序为Zn>Fe>Mn>B>Cu．     

红锥不同种源叶片养分含量分析

对红锥3个不同种源2 a生苗的叶片进行营养元素含量测定分析,结果表明:与大多数植物体内营养元素含量适宜范围相比,红锥叶片营养元素N、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、B含量在适宜范围之内;Cu的含量只有浦北种源在正常范围之内,博白和东兰种源处于缺乏状态;Mn含量处于安全水平之下;P和K的含量严重缺乏。常量元素中含量最高的是N,其次是Ca,最低的是Mg和P;微量元素中含量最高的是Fe,其次是Mn,最低的是Cu;叶片中N、P、Ca、Mg、Cu、Fe、Mn和B营养元素含量在不同种源间的差异均达到显著或极显著的水平。不同种源叶片内矿质元素含量变幅不同,变幅最大的是B,其次为P,再次为Cu,最小的是N、Zn和K;大部份元素之间有显著或极显著的正相关,表明元素间存在着相互的协同作用。     

百山祖冷杉枝叶主要营养元素特征分析

应用原子吸收光谱法测定了百山祖冷杉枝和针叶中K、Na、Cu、Ca、Zn、Fe、Mg、Mn 8种营养元素的含量,结果表明,百山祖冷杉枝和针叶中均含有所测的K、Cu、Ca、Zn、Fe、Mg、Mn等元素,但未检出Na元素;其含量为CaKMgZnFeMnCuNa。与大多数植物体正常生长发育的元素含量范围值相比较,百山祖冷杉枝和针叶中K含量分别为2 967.68~5 585.95、4 036.13~5 194.30 mg/kg,均低于临界值,针叶中Cu含量2.58~4.70 mg/kg,略低于一般植物水平,枝部Zn、Mn含量及针叶Mn含量则均处于较高水平。     

玫瑰花中微量元素含量的测定

采用湿法消解法对玫瑰花进行前处理,利用原子吸收分光光度计对玫瑰花的花瓣、枝条、叶片中Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn 5种微量元素的含量进行了测定。结果表明,玫瑰花的花瓣、枝条、叶片中均含有大量的Ca、Mg、Fe元素以及少量的Cu、Mn元素。这些金属元素含量与药物的治疗效果有着密切的关系。合理使用玫瑰花,可以补充人体所缺乏的Ca、Mg、Fe、Cu、Mn及其它一些有益元素,从而预防和治疗一些因微量金属元素缺乏而引起的疾病。     

不同浓度氮源引起的红松苗木根际pH变化及其对Fe、Mn、Cu、Zn有效性和吸收的影响(英文)

在中科院长白山生态系统定位站,从地表20cm处采集土壤样品,用两种不同形式的氮肥(NO3--N,NH4 -N和NH4NO3)处理土壤样品,用盆栽试验研究了两年生红松苗木受不同浓度N源影响而产生的根际pH变化及其对根际Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn等微量元素的有效性和吸收的影响。结果表明,与对照处理相比,施加铵态氮使根际pH降低,而施加硝态氮则使根际pH增加。根际pH变化的方向与程度取决于N源及施加的浓度。根际pH的变化对根际微量元素的有效性具有显著影响,进而影响到苗木对养分的吸收利用。根际有效Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn的含量与根际pH呈负相关,而苗木叶中Fe、Mn、Cu和Zn含量与根际有效养分含量呈正相关。图5参11。     

油茶林果实成熟期养分分配特征

以常宁市10年生油茶作为试材,对油茶养分分配规律、油茶林土壤养分与树体各器官营养元素含量的相关性进行研究,旨在为油茶营养诊断以及配方施肥提供科学依据。结果表明:油茶各器官中,大量元素含量由高到低排序依次为N、Ca、K、Mg、P,微量元素含量由高到低排序依次为Mn、Fe、Pb、Zn、Cu、Cd;土壤大量元素含量由高到低排序依次为Ca、N、K、P、Mg,微量元素含量由高到低排序依次为Fe、Pb、Zn、Cu、Mn、Cd。土壤养分含量与油茶各器官养分指标具有不同程度的相关性,与油茶干的养分含量相关性最为紧密;土壤N、Zn、Mn、Pb、K含量与油茶植株养分元素含量的关系最为紧密;土壤Mn与油茶各器官Mn元素含量均呈现正相关;土壤N与油茶干中N含量呈现极显著相关;土壤Cd元素含量和油茶各器官中Cd元素含量多存在负相关性。     

方竹笋矿质元素营养成分的研究

通过对方竹竹笋中的铁、锰、锌、铜、硒等微量元素和磷、钾、钙、镁、钠等常量元素含量的测定,发现其铁、锰、锌、铜和钾元素含量甚为丰富且明显高于大多数常见蔬菜,为这种珍贵秋笋资源的开发和利用提供了矿质营养方面的科学依据。     

Seasonal variation of selected trace elements in rare endemic species Thuriferous Juniper growing in the Aurès Mountains of Algeria

We used energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence(EDXRF) to determine the seasonal variation of selected trace elements(Cr, Mn, Zn, Cu, Se and Fe) and some potential toxic elements(Cd, Pb and Br) in Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana Maire(Cupressaceae) a rare medicinal tree, growing indigenously in Aure`s Mountains of Algeria. The precision of the results was assessed by analyzing the certified reference material IPE44(WEPAL)grass leaves. Results showed J. thurifera was characterized by high Cr and Mn contents. During autumn and winter mineral concentrations were higher in general. The levels of Cr, Se and Mn were higher during autumn and winter than during spring and summer. Zn contents were higher during summer than in other seasons. Cu content did not vary by season. The potential toxic elements in J. thurifera(Pb [ Cd [ Br) were below the permissible limits recommended by the Joint WHO/FAO guidelines except for Pb in autumn and winter.     

Seasonal variation of microelement contents in leaves of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cyclocarea paliurus</Emphasis> among the provenances

Cyclocarya paliurus as a multiple function plant can accumulate biologically important microelement elements.To reveal the variation of selected microelement concentrations in leaves of C.paliurus provenances during the growing season,12 C.paliurus provenances in the field trial were sampled five times at approximately 1-month intervals.The method of inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES) was employed to determinate average concentrations of Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu and Se in leaves of 12 C.paliurus provenances.The results show that on average,the concentrations of five microelement in the leaves follows an order of Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Se.Variance analysis shows that there are significant differences in Fe,Mn and Zn concentrations among the twelve provenances(p<0.05),while there is no significant difference between Cu and Se concentrations.A significant difference was also observed in the concentrations of five microelements at the different sampling times(p<0.001),but the mean concentrations for each microelement showed different temporal dynamic patterns.Meanwhile,a significant correlation between concentrations of Se and other measured microelements was detected in the leaves of C.paliurus,except for Mn.Obtained results not only demonstrated that leaves of C.paliurus exhibited higher levels of microelements(Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn and Se),but also provided a basis for breeding strategies of superior provenances with rich content of microelements,and choosing optimum harvesting time for food industry in future.     

4种山茶花营养成分及有害元素含量分析

The nutritional components and poisonous elements in flowers of Camellia chekiangoleosa, C. polydonta, C. semiserrata and C. azalea were studied. The results indicated that the soluble sugar content of the four Camellia flowers had no difference. The maximum protein content was 82.9 g·kg^-1, detected in the flower of C. semiserrata. And the minimum protein content was 56.8 g·kg^-1, found in C. azalea. Vitamin C and β-carotene contents in C. azalea and C. semiserrata were higher, and in C. polydonta and C. chekiangoleosa were lower. The total amino acid contents of the four Camellia were 68.41、67.26、50.77、66.87 g·kg^-1 respectively, the essential amino acid contents were 33.86、32.70、27.21、33.79 g·kg^-1 respectively, and the proportion of essential amino acid in total amino acid of the four Camellia were 49.50%, 48.62%, 53.59% and 50.53% respectively. The contents of Ca, Mn and Cu in C. chekiangoleosa were the highest. Zn and Se contents were the maximum and Ca was the minimum in C. polydonta. The contents of Fe and Se were the lowest in C. semiserrata. Fe content were the maximum and Mn, Zn and Cu the minimum in C. azalea. The trace element contents in the flower of the four Camellia species followed the order of Mn, Fe, Zn, Cu, Se, but the content of Fe was higher than that of Mn in C. azalea. The contents of Pb, Cd, As and Hg of the four Camellia flower were all lower than the permissible amount.     

Seasonal variation of selected trace elements in rare endemic species <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thuriferous Juniper</Emphasis> growing in the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aurès</Emphasis> Mountains of Algeria

We used energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) to determine the seasonal variation of selected trace elements (Cr, Mn, Zn, Cu, Se and Fe) and some potential toxic elements (Cd, Pb and Br) in Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana Maire (Cupressaceae) a rare medicinal tree, growing indigenously in Aurès Mountains of Algeria. The precision of the results was assessed by analyzing the certified reference material IPE44 (WEPAL) grass leaves. Results showed J. thurifera was characterized by high Cr and Mn contents. During autumn and winter mineral concentrations were higher in general. The levels of Cr, Se and Mn were higher during autumn and winter than during spring and summer. Zn contents were higher during summer than in other seasons. Cu content did not vary by season. The potential toxic elements in J. thurifera (Pb > Cd > Br) were below the permissible limits recommended by the Joint WHO/FAO guidelines except for Pb in autumn and winter.     

森林草原交错区沟塘草甸土壤微量元素分析

为研究森林草原交错区不同坡向沟塘草甸土壤化学计量特征,以内蒙古阿尔山市的沟塘草甸为研究区域,通过野外调查与室内实验相结合的方法,对阴坡阳坡不同深度土层有效微量元素(Fe,Mn,Cu,Zn)含量及有机C,全N,全P含量进行比较分析,探究沟塘草甸土壤化学计量特征。结果表明:1)阴坡阳坡土壤有效Fe和有效Mn含量均随着土层深度增加呈现先增后减趋势,而有效Cu含量随着土层深度变化差异不显著;2)阴坡阳坡土壤有效微量元素含量均呈现Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu趋势;3)土壤有效微量元素含量与pH值无相关性,有效Fe含量与有效Mn、有效Cu、有效Zn含量相关性(P<0.01)极为显著;4)同一坡向不同深度土层C∶N,N∶P差异均不显著,而C∶P差异显著;5)土壤pH在不同坡向不同深度土层均无显著差异。研究结果为沟塘草甸土壤微量元素分析提供数据支持。     

红锥人工幼林营养特性研究

对不同月份红锥叶片中营养元素含量的变化及其结构进行研究,结果表明,叶片中N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn营养元素含量呈季节性变化,普遍地在生长初期（春季）较高,生长旺期（夏季）最低,而秋冬季生长缓慢时由于积累所致而略有回升;叶片中常量元素含量以N、K、P较高,依次排序为：N〉K〉P〉Mg〉Ca,微量元素含量以Mn、Fe为高,依次排序为：Mn〉Fe〉Zn〉Cu,N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Mn、Fe、Zn、Cu比例为：7.40∶1.00∶5.96∶0.30∶0.51∶1.10∶0.16∶0.05∶0.01;根据研究结果及南方山地的土壤特点,红锥人工幼林的施肥时间宜在春季或春夏之交季节,在肥种及配比上,应在施用大量元素N、P、K、Mg、Ca的基础上配施微肥Zn,配比为N∶P∶K∶Ca∶Mg∶Zn=7.40∶1.00∶5.96∶0.30∶0.51∶0.05.     

火焰原子吸收法测定蜂蜜中六种微量元素的含量

选用4种常见的市售蜂蜜,采用原子吸收分光光度法测定其钙、镁、铜、铁、锌、锰6种微量元素的含量(mg/kg)。实验结果表明,4种蜂蜜当中微量元素含量丰富,其中钙元素含量34.2~54.60mg/kg,镁元素含量在9.54~10.72mg/kg,铜元素含量1.28~7.22mg/kg,铁元素含量23.86~51.39mg/kg,锌元素含量1.56~2.73mg/kg,锰元素含量2.63~3.07mg/kg。此法回收率96.4%~103.8%,标准偏差0.06%~0.63%。