过度生物干扰和火烧对梨竹林茎秆直径、密度及种子产出的影响

A study was conducted to investigate culms density and size, seed size and production rate in Melocanna baccifera stands disturbed by biotic pressure and fire. Results revealed that culms density, number and size of seeds produced in the bamboo stands were significantly affected by frequent fire and excessive biotic pressure （collection of young shoots for vegetables and mature culms）. The culm density and seed production rate decreased significantly in the stand subjected to excessive biotic pressure. An increasing exposure of culms to sun light was responsible for the above decrease. Seed production rate significantly increased in case of culms subjected to fire in comparison to the control. It indicated that fire stimulated the seed production in M. baccifera stand.     

不同施肥措施对毛金竹新竹产量的影响

对毛金竹天然林和人工林进行施肥试验，研究不同施肥方式（竹腔施肥、土壤施肥以及复合施肥）对竹林产量的影响。结果显示，无论是人工林分还是天然林分，施肥措施均能有效提高林分的产量指标，其中复合施肥（竹腔+土壤施肥）效果最好，产量指标明显高于其他处理。     

金佛山方竹不同密度人工林笋产量研究

在其它经营措施相同条件下,分析了10年生金佛山方竹低产人工林中l500～2500株／0．07hm2（D1）和2500～3500株／0．07hm2（D2）2个密度等级的笋产量变化。4年改造期内,金佛山方竹人工林毛笋和净笋产量逐年增加,D1密度等级比D2密度级的毛笋和净产量高,部分不同密度等级间和同密度等级不同年度间的毛笋和净笋产量差异显著。毛笋和净笋产量的线性模型和幂函数模型相关性显著。毛笋产量和净笋产量同竹林平均地径和高度以及整齐度的正相关达显著水平,同密度和均匀度呈负相关,其中密度的负相关达显著水平,多元回归模型的相关性显著。毛笋和净笋产量同0．0～2．5cm间的径级株数呈负相关,同2．6～5．0cm间的径级株数呈正相关,同部分径级株数的相关性达显著水平。竹林中大径级株数越多,毛笋和净笋产量越高。     

勃氏甜龙竹笋苗兼用林林分结构优化模式初步研究

勃氏甜龙竹是一种优良的多用途竹种,近年来在许多适生区得到推广,其资源扩繁主要依赖于母竹移植。研究应用竹子生理整合性等生态学原理,以竹林林分结构调控为核心技术,采用不同林分结构组合,旨在探求笋苗兼用竹林经营模式。结果表明:(1)新造竹林有一明显的出笋数量和笋个体质量增长期,时间区段不同,前3a均快速增长,然后笋个体质量相对稳定,出笋数量仍较快增长。(2)竹笋产量主要影响因子是丛立竹数和立竹胸径,决定出笋数量和笋个体质量。出笋数量与丛立竹数正相关,与笋个体质量负相关。胸径与笋个体质量正相关,与出笋数量无相关。(3)合理的林分结构在450丛·hm-2时,丛立竹数为10株左右,胸径4～6cm。(4)经营类型经济效益明显,新造竹林第2年即有产出,第4年进入丰产期。     

水肥施用对斑竹发笋及竹笋品质的影响

应用正交试验设计,研究了灌溉次数、施肥量和立竹密度对博爱县斑竹笋产量、竹笋品质和经济效益的影响。结果表明：影响斑竹发笋指标的各因素主次关系以施肥量为主导因子,其次是灌溉次数,立竹密度影响最小;不同因素对发笋指标影响程度不一样,施肥量对各指标影响均达到显著水平,灌溉次数对发笋数量影响显著,对鲜笋产量影响不显著,立竹密度影响均不显著;影响发笋数量和鲜笋产量的因素排列顺序为施肥量>灌溉次数>立竹密度;3个因素对提高斑竹笋蛋白质含量和降低灰分含量有促进作用,可提高斑竹笋品质。获得最多发笋数量、鲜笋产量的处理为立竹密度9 000~11 000株/hm²、施肥量3 000 kg/hm²、灌溉次数为6次/年;提高斑竹竹笋品质的最优水平组合为立竹密度9 000~11 000株/hm²、施肥量2 250 kg/hm²、灌溉次数为5次/年;获得最大经济效益的最优水平组合为立竹密度5 000~7 000株/hm²、施肥量2 250 kg/hm²、灌溉次数为6次/年。     

毛竹林下套种灰树花经营效益分析

为了综合利用毛竹林空间,提高毛竹林经营的经济效益,开展了毛竹林种植灰树花复合经营效果研究。结果表明：毛竹林种植灰树花后土壤pH值从种植前的5.32提高到5.92;土壤有机质从种植前的38.08 g/kg增加到46.2 g/kg,提高了21.32%;土壤肥力指数从种植前的0.56升高到0.65,增加了16.1%,差异达到显著水平;新竹数量较种植前增加9株/667 m²,新竹平均胸径增加1.2 cm,冬笋产量增加86.67%,春笋产量增加77.63%;从投入产出情况看,在不计人工成本的情况下,纯利润达6 661.62元/667 m²,当计入人工成本时,收支基本平衡。毛竹林套种灰树花的经营模式能够提升竹林土壤的有机质含量,提高土壤肥力指数,增加竹林的竹材和竹笋产出,对于提升竹林整体质量有显著效果。     

毛竹林不同留养度数对生长和产量的影响

作者对毛竹林不同留养度数(二度、三度、四度、五度、六度)和竹林结构、竹材产量等之间的关系进行了研究,得出如下几点。 1.不同留养度数的毛竹林、其新竹数量、新竹胸径和竹材产量的差异是显著的。 2.不同留养度数的毛竹林对立竹的密度、匀度、径阶、叶面积指数等林分结构因子有显著影响。 3.a.留养四度的毛竹林,竹材产量最高,笋产量也高。b.留二度、三度的毛竹林,成竹率高、成竹数多。c.阴坡留养五度、六度的毛竹林可增大立竹粗度,提高竹材质量。     

不同土壤类型对毛竹林生长的影响研究

研究了福建省常见的7种土壤类型（红壤、黄红壤、黄壤、紫色土、红土、黄泥土、水稻土）对毛竹林出笋数、新竹成竹率和新竹胸径的影响。结果显示,毛竹林出笋数及新竹胸径在不同土壤类型间均存在极显著差异,新竹成竹率在不同土壤类型处理间的差异不显著。研究结果认为,在毛竹造林时应优先选择退耕的农地,即耕作土壤黄泥土和红土。     

Factors affecting the infiltration capacity in bamboo groves

To determine the effects of the characteristics of litter and surface soil on the infiltration capacity in bamboo groves, infiltration rates were measured on a plot-scale using an oscillating-nozzle rainfall simulator at seven Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) sites and one Madake (P. bambusoides) site in Japan. The maximum final infiltration rate (FIR_max), which was defined in this study as the infiltration capacity, was calculated, and the correlation between FIR_max and earth surface properties was analyzed. The FIR_max ranged from 9 to 308?mm?h^?1, showing little correlation with litter as surface cover, and a weak correlation with bulk density (0.3–0.9?g?cm^?3) and organic matter content (10.4–45.9%). These results suggest that the bulk density and organic matter content of surface soil, rather than surface cover, can be the controlling factors of infiltration capacity in bamboo groves. The bulk density of surface soil correlated significantly with the soil organic matter content, represented by bamboo rhizomes, suggesting that the infiltration capacity can increase with the amount of root networks present, related to macropore formation. The stand density showed a weak positive correlation, although not significant, with the soil organic matter content and a positive correlation with FIR_max. Thus, the infiltration capacity of bamboo groves can increase as the stand density of culms and bamboo rhizomes increase.