尺蛾科昆虫性信息素组分特征及应用进展

国内外对于鳞翅目昆虫性信息素的研究最为详细。本文阐述鳞翅目昆虫性信息素活性组分的最新分类进展,根据其化学结构可分为TypeⅠ、TypeⅡ、TypeⅢ、Type 0 4类。其中:Type I为分子结构具有末端功能团的C10-C18醇、醛、醋酸酯类化合物,分布于多个鳞翅目总科中; TypeⅡ为C17-C23的不饱和碳氢化合物以及相对应的环氧衍生物,广泛分布于尺蛾总科中; TypeⅢ为携带1个或多个甲基分支的C17-C23化合物,仅出现在少数的鳞翅目昆虫中;而Type 0为与植物挥发物结构类似的短链仲醇或酮类化合物,分布于进化上较为原始的昆虫中。尺蛾总科作为鳞翅目昆虫的第三大科,目前共计93属158种尺蛾的性信息素组分得到鉴定,其性信息素组分中除了姬尺蛾亚科以TypeⅠ为主以外,灰尺蛾亚科、尺蛾亚科、沙尺蛾亚科、花尺蛾亚科、星尺蛾亚科均是以TypeⅡ为主。尺蛾科昆虫性信息素组分碳链较长,结构复杂,多数为不饱和烃类化合物(TypeⅡ型),严重影响了全球尺蛾类性信息素组分的化学鉴定及野外应用,通过分析对已鉴定的尺蛾性信息素组分及结构特征,明确其性信息素组分化合物的双键位置、环氧结构和手性构象,以及在各亚科、属、种之间的分布特征,并探讨我国重要尺蛾(茶尺蠖、国槐尺蠖、银花尺蠖、油桐尺蠖、春尺蠖等)的性信息素研究情况,可为今后鉴定未知尺蛾性信息素活性组分,以及利用昆虫性信息素对尺蛾类害虫进行有效的绿色防控等提供参考。     

象甲科昆虫性信息素与聚集信息素研究及应用进展

象甲科 Curculionidae是 动 物 界 中 种 类 最 多 的 一 个 科, 其 中 红 棕 象 甲 Rhynchophorus ferrugineus、油茶象甲 Curculio chinensis 和棉铃象甲 Anthonomus grandis Boheman 等昆虫是我国经济作物 上的重大害虫,因此研究和应用象甲科昆虫信息素进行害虫防治具有重要意义。目前研究应用较多的昆 虫信息素为性信息素和聚集信息素,因此文章针对国内外象甲科昆虫性信息素和聚集信息素成份鉴定、 信息素合成及应用等进行汇总,综述了国内外学者对 30 种象甲科昆虫信息素的相关研究和应用进展,其 中 4 种昆虫性信息素和 23 种昆虫聚集信息素成份已鉴定确认。     

张广才岭南段阔叶红松林天牛科昆虫物种多样性与成虫出现期时间动态

【目的】通过高频次的调查采集,比较不同时间天牛科成虫物种组成的差异,在科学描述各种类天牛成虫活跃期时间动态规律的同时,对天牛成虫活跃期进行精确比较,为害虫的种群监测和生物指示种的利用提供参考。【方法】2012—2013年在张广才岭南段蛟河林业实验区管理局阔叶红松林内,利用拦截诱捕器系统调查天牛科昆虫物种多样性的时间动态,并对11个天牛成虫标本回收时间点进行数量化系统分析。【结果】共采集到天牛科昆虫成虫标本1 252号,隶属7亚科41属64种,其中,稀有种44种,占物种总数的68.75%。该区多次普查未记录到的棍腿纹虎天牛被采集到的频度很高。不同时间天牛科昆虫物种数量和个体数量有显著差异,其成虫高峰期出现在6月下旬至7月中旬,然后逐渐下降,9月上旬物种数和个体数量最低;6月与7月天牛科昆虫的相似性最高,达到中等相似水平。锯天牛亚科(220±10)和瘦天牛亚科(220±10)成虫出现的平均顺序日期显著高于其他亚科;天牛亚科(187±25)、沟胫天牛亚科(187±24)、花天牛亚科(183±25)、锥天牛亚科(177±15)和膜花天牛亚科(175±13)成虫出现的平均顺序日期无显著差异。【结论】在顺序日期170、180和190时,天牛群落羽化或活跃达到高峰,同时,这个时间也是植物开花的盛期,部分具有访花行为的天牛成虫大量出来活动,天牛群落表现出较高物种多样性。本研究天牛科昆虫成虫活跃时间分布格局与Hanks等研究加拿大天牛科昆虫成虫的分布时间相似,但由于两地环境条件以及天牛区系等不同,本研究的高峰时间有所提前。在全部天牛种类中,不同天牛种类成虫活跃期开始时间、活跃期持续时间等均不相同,反映出天牛成虫羽化时间或活跃期的多样性。有13种天牛成虫只在一次调查中被采集到,说明这些种类成虫活跃期相对较短,对环境变化比较敏感。对优势天牛种类成虫活跃的高峰期应该给予更多的关注,尤其对一些具有潜在成灾风险的种类进行种群监测具有重要的价值。     

天牛化学通讯及其在害虫综合治理中的应用

天牛化学通讯机制的研究包括信息化学物质的鉴定及其在害虫综合治理中的应用,以及与信息化学物质紧密相关的天牛生殖行为特征.天牛的鞘翅、胸部和体表是产生信息素的主要部位,其短距离性信息素的碳链一般大于20个碳,长距离性信息素的碳链小于或等于10个碳,这一规律可为信息素的鉴定提供参考.应用植物源挥发物可作为引诱剂、驱避剂、拒食剂和产卵抑制剂调控天牛行为的特性来防治害虫.天牛的交配行为多数由短距离或接触性信息素启动,具有一定的生理节律和保护配偶现象,同时视觉、虫体颜色、形状、大小以及虫体体表化合物均可影响其交配行为.清楚了解天牛信息化学物质的特性及其生殖生物学,可充分发挥它们在害虫综合治理中的作用.     

中国主要天牛危害状识别鉴定研究

天牛为鞘翅目天牛科蛀干害虫,危害十分广泛,林、果、桑、棉、麻、蔗、药材、花卉、瓜蔓、木建筑材料、家具等都可受天牛的危害.为了便于对常见天牛进行识别,帮助林业工作者解决林业和生产中遇到的天牛虫害问题,通过对文献资料系统的统计分析与调查研究,记载了天牛科3个亚科(锯天牛亚科、天牛亚科和沟胫天牛亚科)共62种天牛,并依据寄主植物与危害状,编制出天牛种类的双项式检索表.     

天牛科昆虫的性引诱和性信息素

天牛科昆虫绝大部份是林木和果树的重要蛀干害虫和木材害虫。有关这类害虫的性信息素报道尚少。1984年日本学者首次分离鉴定了葡萄虎天牛(Xylotrechus Pyrrhoderus)的雄性信息素。笔者就在阅读文献中接触到这方面的一些资料,作扼要介绍,以供参考。 1 葡萄虎天牛的雄性信息素 Iwabuchi,K.(1982)对葡萄虎天牛的性行为过程作了较详细研究,指出成虫的交配行为至少有两个阶段组成:(1)飞翔中的雌成虫接近静止的雄成虫。(2)雄成虫被降落下的雌成虫所刺激并与之交     

江西省天牛名录(之一)

在世界陆地动物地理区划中,江西省属于东洋区。在这个地区内,由于有着优越的自然条件,如雨量充沛、气候温和、各种植物茂密,特别是森林植物种类繁多,因而孕育出丰富的昆虫类群。各种昆虫在经济上有利有弊,但天牛科的昆虫则大多数是林业上的害虫,目前有些种类如粗鞘双条杉天牛等,甚至已给生产上造成很大灾害。因此,特根据我所历年来在江西省所采集到的天牛标本,初步整理出“江西省天牛名录(之一)”计6个亚科87属160种,以供今后进一步防活研究和害虫普查时之参考。     

云南天牛名录(四)及部分中国新记录

为查清我省天牛科昆虫种类、分布、为害,以利于防治、科研和教学工作的开展,几年来笔者陆续进行了天牛科昆虫的整理和鉴定工作。已发表三份名录,包括锯天牛亚科23种,幽天牛亚科9种,花天牛亚科6种,天牛亚科97种,瘦天牛亚科2种。本文仍为天牛亚科,共记载41属,96种。其中中国新记录5种,云南新记录25种。     

昆虫信息素研究试验方法

种用昆虫信息素防治害虫，是近年来发展起来的一项新技术。化学家和防治专家们对昆虫发生行为反应的化合物的基本成份进行了研究，已鉴定出了信息素化学结构的昆虫达600余种，而且数目还在不断增加。根据信息化合物作用的性质可把它们分成两大类，其中把有关种内传递信息的化学物质称作种内信息素．把种间传递信息的化学物质称作种间信息素。     

陕西天牛初步名录、成虫检索及重要虫种简介

陕西省地处世界动物地理分布的古北区和东洋区,昆虫资源十分丰富,天牛科(Cerambycidae)的种类亦较繁多,其中不少种类是农林业生产特别是林业生产上的大害虫。为了摸清我省天牛种类,不断地为农林业生产的高速发展提供基本资料,现将已鉴定出的83种天牛,初步整理成名录、成虫检索及重要种类简介三大部分,供进一步研究和防治参考。工作中,承蒙中国科学院动物研究所蒲富基先生和西南农学院蒋书楠教授代为鉴定部分标本,特此表示衷心感谢。名录一、锯天牛亚科1.薄翅锯天牛 Megopis sinica White寄主植物:杨、榆、泡桐、油桐、枣等分布:陕北、陕南、武功、宝鸡     

夜蛾科昆虫性信息素组分的结构及分布特点

夜蛾科(Noctuidae)是鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)昆虫中最大的一个科,全世界已知该科昆虫种类达25089种(统计至1985年),我国已经鉴定出2095种[1].夜蛾科昆虫大多是植食性,且多数又是暴食性,对农作物危害极大,因此,夜蛾科害虫一直是农林害虫防治的重要对象.     

天牛信息素的研究进展

天牛是对林木健康生长最具破坏力的重要蛀干害虫之一,对天牛信息素的研究是探索基于化学生态学和行为特性的防治技术的重要方面。雌雄二性天牛受寄主植物挥发物,特别是幼虫危害诱导的寄主挥发物的吸引,聚集在取食地点附近。雌雄二性天牛都可释放性信息素吸引异性。雄性在触角接触雌性天牛后,对雌性产生的接触信息素产生反应,识别雌性后才试图和雌性进行交配,雌性天牛表皮蜡质层的烃类或雌雄二性表皮中相对含量比较多的物质成为特有的信号物质。雄性天牛产生聚集信息素吸引雌雄二性。随着对天牛信息素的深入研究,使用信息素复合技术将有利于提高天牛林间诱捕量,对监测天牛种群动态和无公害防治天牛具有极其重要的意义。     

青海云杉(拟)齿小蠹聚集信息素研究进展

对危害青海云杉的光臀八齿小蠹、香格里拉齿小蠹及东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素系统进行研究,并成功鉴定出3种(拟)齿小蠹的聚集信息素组分。光臀八齿小蠹聚集信息素由2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,74%-(-)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇3种成分组成;香格里拉齿小蠹聚集信息素的有效组分为2-甲基-3-丁烯-2-醇,99%-(+)-小蠹二烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇,东方拟齿小蠹聚集信息素由95%-(-)-小蠹烯醇和(S)-顺式-马鞭草烯醇2种成分组成。3种人工合成的小蠹虫聚集信息素已在害虫发生期及种群动态监测中进行野外试验,并取得预期效果。     

Geographic variation in pheromone component ratio and antennal responses,but not in attraction,to sex pheromones among fall armyworm populations infesting corn in Mexico

The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the most important pests of corn in Latin America. This insect presents two strains with behavioural and genetic differences. In Mexico, both strains are present, and at least two different FAW populations have been reported within the corn-strain. The objective of this study was to gather evidence of whether pheromonal communication varies among different S. frugiperda populations infesting corn in Mexico. First, we investigated any qualitative or quantitative difference in the composition of sex pheromones among populations; second, we studied whether male antennal responses to pheromone components vary among populations; and, finally, we investigated whether males from a region can discriminate between a synthetic pheromone blend characteristic of their region and blends formulated with the ratio of pheromone compounds emitted by females from other populations. Sex pheromone components were sampled by solid-phase microextraction and identified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Females from all populations consistently released three compounds: (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc) and (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc). Our results showed that Z9-14:OAc and Z7-12:OAc evoked the highest and most variable antennal responses among the populations studied compared to Z11-16:OAc. However, males did not discriminate between local pheromone blends and those formulated from other populations in a field test. These results show that although there is geographic variation in the ratio of pheromone components and in the peripheral reception of them, males were not differentially attracted to different pheromone blends in the field.     

First evidence of deuterotokous parthenogenesis in the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)

The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), originates from South America and is now considered to be one of the most damaging invasive pests of tomatoes in the Mediterranean Basin countries of Europe and North Africa. The preventing pest mating control methods include: (1) the use of synthetic pheromones for male attraction and annihilation inside insecticide-containing traps; (2) mating disruption by saturating the atmosphere with sex pheromones which alter the ability of males to locate females; and (3) massive applications of sterile males to alter the overall reproductive success of the pest population. However, all these methods achieve only a poor success rate in controlling T. absoluta populations under greenhouse conditions. Sex pheromone management and sterile insect techniques are both based on an important biological trait: the insect must breed through sexual reproduction. Here, we report for the first time laboratory evidence of deuterotokous parthenogenesis, an asexual reproduction where both males and females are produced from unfertilized eggs. We discuss the consequences for T. absoluta control strategies.     

Reflections on structure and function of pheromone glands in storage insect species

Several polyphagous coleopteran and lepidopterous species, presently known as storage insects, have presumably evolved from free-living ancestral species, being capable of growth and reproduction on stored, desiccated and often nutritionally deficient foodstuffs. These potentially harmful insect species have probably adapted themselves to the newly acquired storage biotope by means of a well-developed sensory equipment serving food acquisition, aggregation and mate finding.Information by molecules may be communicated among the individuals of an insect species by means of relatively volatile pheromones (Greek, pher=convey) being emitted by exocrine glands and mainly carried by moving air to the sensilla of responsive individuals, or among the internal organs of an insect by means of relativelynonvolatile hormones (Greek, horma=impel), secreted fromendocrine glands and transported by the haemolymph to the receptors of target organs. It was postulated that pheromones were among the first chemical messengers utilized during evolution of animal behaviour, and that the pheromones of primitive protozoans could have been precursors of the hormones of metazoans. Hormones of the neurosecretory cells and corpora allata were found to induce sex pheromone biosynthesis in femaleTenebrio molitor, while dietary intake of a juvenile hormone analogue was shown to significantly enhance the production of aggregation pheromones in the males of certain silvanid and cucujid species.Aggregation pheromones are usually produced by the longlived and feeding males of several coleopteran species (Table 2) which deposit those chemical messengers to the substrate, where they induce the formation of bisexual assemblies supporting feeding, mating and reproduction. Sex pheromones are mostly produced by the short-lived and non-feeding females of several coleopteran and lepidopterous species (Table 2); females of those species usually release their sex pheromones to the air space during calling, and thus attract conspecific males for mating (Fig. 5 a–c).In some dermestid species, pheromone emission differs from the above scheme. Females of the short-lived and non-feedingTrogoderma granarium andT. inclusum release a phromone acting as a sex attractant for conspecific males and—in synergistic combination with tactile stimuli—as an assembling scent for conspecific females (Figs. 1 a, b, 2 and Table 1), females of the short-lived and feedingAntbrenus verbasci, Attagenus megatoma andAtt. elongatulus produce a sex pheromone for conspecific males, while females of the long-lived and feedingAn. scrophulariae emit a sex pheromone which lures conspecific males.Males of the long-lived and non-feeding bruchid speciesAcanthoscelides obtectus release a sex pheromone which attracts conspecific females. Androconial pheromones are discharged during courtship from the alar scales and abdominal tufts found in males of several microlepidopteran species (Phycitidae) includingAnagasta kuebniella, Cadra cautella, Ephestia elutella andPlodia interpunctella (Fig. 6 b–c); those aphrodisiac pheromones are known to enhance the specific responsiveness of the females to their mates. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that aggregation pheromones elicit considerable receptor potentials in the antennal olfactory sensilla of both sexes, whereas sex pheromones induce high receptor potentials in the antennal olfactory sensilla of one sex only. It was assumed that aggregation pheromones may be the evolutionary precursors of sex pheromones.Pheromone-producingexocrine glands are essentially groups of modified epidermals cells which are found in different body regions of male and/or female storage insect species. A simple pheromone gland, consisting of a single layer of adjacent secretory cells beneath the endocuticle of the 5th visible abdominal sternite, occurs in femaleTrogoderma granarium (Fig. 3 a). A more complex design, comprising an intra-abdominal semiglobular pheromone gland with numerous secretory cells being connected to tubuli which lead to an invaginated cuticular cribellum, is available in maleDermestes maculatus (Figs. 3 c, d and 4 c). The cribellum, provided with a caudally curved brush of fluted brisles, occurs in the centre of the 4th visible abdominal sternite (Figs. 4 a, b and 7 b). An apodemous exocrine gland is found in the lumen of the second abdominal segment of femaleLasioderma serricorne (Fig. 3 b). This lobate gland comprises many secretory cells, being connected by numerous tubuli to a sheath-like conical duct enveloping a V-shaped skeletal apodeme, which terminates in the abdominal tip. In maleTribolium castaneum, the secretory cells of both pheromone glands are connected by tubuli to two cribella, being densely covered by fluted bristles, and found in the femora of both forelegs (Fig. 7 a). Females of the phycitid speciesAnagasta kuebniella, Cadra cautella, Ephestia elutella andPlodia interpunctella are equipped with an intersegmental pheromone gland, situated between the 8th and 9th abdominal segment near the genital opening. The exocrine gland of the four moth species consists of a single layer of columnar secretory cells, lined by a spongy cuticle which seems to be permeable to the sex pheromone (Fig. 6 a). The latter is disseminated by calling females (Fig. 5 a, b) while their exocrine glands are widely exposed. Males of the above phycitid species are furnished with alar and abdominal androconia which become exposed during courtship and discharge aphrodisiac pheromones. The base of each of the androconial bristles and scales is immersed to an underlying unicellular, pheromone-producing gland (Fig. 6 d, e). The aphrodisiac pheromones, being secreted by the above glandular cells, are passing the lumen and walls of the bristles and scales, and evaporate from the surface of the latter. For example, malePlodia interpunctella possess 2 pairs of scent tufts (a small and a large one) on both sides of the 8th abdominal tergiet as well as 2 pairs of scent tufts (a small and a large one) near the base of the costal margin of the forewings (Fig. 6 b, c). Females of several phycitid species respond to the aphrodisiac pheromone of conspecific males by a pronounced readiness to mate.In the course of time, about 3 dozens of insect species (3/4 coleopteran and 1/4 lepidopterous species) have undergone sympatric speciation by sharing desiccated food in stores as a common habitat. Fertile matings between such heterogeneous species are often prevented by morphological and anatomical incompatibilities as well as physiological and behavioural barriers. Most of the species living in the storage habitat are reproductively isolated due to the molecular structure and blend composition of their pheromones (Table 2). Interestingly, some species (listed below) deviate from the majority by sharing the structure of their main pheromone components (mentioned in parenthesis), and are thus poorly separated: the curculionidsSitophilus oryzae andS. zeamais ((4S,5R)-5-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-heptanone), the tenebrionidsTribolium castaneum andT. confusum ((4R,8R)-dimethyldecanal) as well as the dermestidsTrogoderma inclusum andT. variabile ((R,Z)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal). Theinsufficient reproductive isolation of the above species is compensated, i.a., by additional availability of a sex pheromone in femaleTribolium confusum, by different calling periods and emission rates of (R,Z)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal in females of the forementionedTrogodema species.Trogoderma glabrum andT. granarium areincompletely isolated by sharing (R,E)-14-methyl-8-hexadecenal as a pheromone component; they are indeed capable of cross-mating, but produce sterile hybrids. Moreover, maleOryzaepbilus mercator andO. surinamensis incorporate (Z,Z)-3,6-dodecadien-11R-olide as a common chiral component to their aggregation pheromones. The females of 5 phycitid species share (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate as their main pheromone component, while they are reproductively separated by additional emission of (Z)-9-tetradecen-1-yl acetate and (Z,E)-9,12-tetradecadien-1-ol as secondary pheromone components, by the production of different androconial pheromones in conspecific males as well as different circadian calling activities.In the course of their research engagement on pheromones of storage insect and mite species (during the past 2.5 decades), the authors enjoyed fruitful collaboration with several renowned investigators working in Athens, Berlin, Hamburg, New York, Pantnagar, Tiantsin, Tokyo, Wisconsin, Yokohama and Zürich (chapter 6).Motto ...In addition to the amazing range of physiological activities of which it is capable during the process of moulting and cuticle formation, the epidermal cell is potentially an embryonic cell, with latent powers of differentiating in several different directions. The ordinary epidermal cell may divide to give rise to a pair of oenocytes. It may divide into four and produce a dermal gland cell with associated cells that form the glandular duct. Or the four daughter cells may differentiate into the bristle-forming and socket-forming cells which give rise to the sensillum and into the sense cell with its neurilemma cell both of which grow inwards to become a part of the central nervous system ...V B. Wigglesworth, 1959With 2 tables and 7 figuresDedicated to the memory of Prof. Dr. Sir Vincent BrianWigglesworth who died on February 12th, 1994.     

昆虫性信息素变异研究的进展

述评了昆虫性信息素变异研究的现状与进展,将昆虫性信息素的变异归纳为组分结构、组分比例和组分滴定度等３种变异类型．阐明导致这些变异的机制包括了地理隔离、寄主差异、发育因子及遗传学根源等．展望并讨论了这一研究领域的方向及前景．     

Influence of multiple- and single-species infestations on herbivore-induced cotton volatiles and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Anthonomus grandis</Emphasis> behaviour

Plants interact with multiple organisms throughout their life cycle. As a result, they are commonly attacked by multiple species of herbivores, leading to the induction of plant defence systems. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) play an important role in the interaction between community members and can be used to manipulate insect pest behaviour, being a valuable tool in integrated pest management strategy. In this study, the interaction of two chewing insects, the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis, and the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, and of one piercing-sucking insect, the Neotropical brown stinkbug, Euschistus heros, was evaluated for the induction of volatile compounds in cotton under single- and multiple-species attacks. As a control, the emissions of undamaged plants were also measured. In addition, the effect of HIPVs on boll weevil behaviour was also assessed. Qualitatively, single- and multiple-species herbivory induced a similar volatile blend. There was, however, a difference in the amount and proportion of compounds emitted. Plants infested with E. heros emitted a blend of volatiles more similar to that of the undamaged control compared to the other herbivore-induced treatments. The plant volatiles emitted due to simultaneous multiple-species herbivory were induced faster than volatiles emitted by sequential herbivory events, indicating different induction mechanisms depending on the attack configuration. In addition, cotton volatiles induced by an individual attack of A. grandis were attractive to conspecifics, as were the volatiles induced by multiple-species herbivory in both simultaneous and sequential attacks. The use of cotton HIPVs, both under multiple- and single-species attack, can be used for the development of alternative methods for semiochemical-based weevil management, e.g., enrichment of aggregation pheromone traps with plant volatiles.     

性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的研究进展及应用前景

[目的]本文陈述国内外迷向技术的应用进展及影响迷向技术开展的生态因素,进而探讨不同缓释载体的剂型,旨在为利用昆虫性信息素迷向干扰害虫提供技术借鉴和参考。[方法]通过文献检索及个人研究方向,重点介绍国内外迷向干扰技术的应用情况及环境影响因素,探索常见缓释载体的类型(毛细管迷向丝、微胶囊、Puffer、SPLAT、蜡滴、空气纤维、静电纺丝/纳米纤维),指出不同缓释装置的优缺点。[结果]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术作为一种高效专一、环境友好的新型绿色防控害虫技术,已经成为害虫综合防控体系IPM(Integrated Pest Management)的重要组成部分,在全球范围内广泛应用于鳞翅目害虫的防治,鞘翅目、同翅目、半翅目、膜翅目等也有少量报道,尤以舞毒蛾、苹果蠹蛾、葡萄花翅小卷蛾的应用最为成功;明确了昆虫性信息素缓释载体及释放速率控制是有效实施性信息素迷向干扰技术的前提,揭示昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的应用机理,得出限制昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的经济及政策因素,旨在为我国更好的开展性信息素迷向干扰技术防控害虫提供参考。[结论]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的应用前景广泛,在农林业害虫的绿色防控中至关重要。