性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的研究进展及应用前景

目的]本文陈述国内外迷向技术的应用进展及影响迷向技术开展的生态因素,进而探讨不同缓释载体的剂型,旨在为利用昆虫性信息素迷向干扰害虫提供技术借鉴和参考。方法]通过文献检索及个人研究方向,重点介绍国内外迷向干扰技术的应用情况及环境影响因素,探索常见缓释载体的类型(毛细管迷向丝、微胶囊、Puffer、SPLAT、蜡滴、空气纤维、静电纺丝/纳米纤维),指出不同缓释装置的优缺点。结果]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术作为一种高效专一、环境友好的新型绿色防控害虫技术,已经成为害虫综合防控体系IPM(Integrated Pest Management)的重要组成部分,在全球范围内广泛应用于鳞翅目害虫的防治,鞘翅目、同翅目、半翅目、膜翅目等也有少量报道,尤以舞毒蛾、苹果蠹蛾、葡萄花翅小卷蛾的应用最为成功;明确了昆虫性信息素缓释载体及释放速率控制是有效实施性信息素迷向干扰技术的前提,揭示昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的应用机理,得出限制昆虫性信息素迷向干扰技术的经济及政策因素,旨在为我国更好的开展性信息素迷向干扰技术防控害虫提供参考。结论]昆虫性信息素迷向干扰防控害虫的应用前景广泛,在农林业害虫的绿色防控中至关重要。

Research Progress and Application Prospect of Insect Sex Pheromone Mating Disruption

Objective] Application progress, ecological factor and controlling-release carrier types of insect sex pheromone mating disruption are discussed in depth, it could provide technical references for controlling insect pests with the mating disruption technology.Method] The application, environmental factors, controlling-release carrier types (capillary, microcapsule, Puffer^®, SPLAT^®, paraffin, fiber, electrospun/nanofibers) and the mechanism of sex pheromone mating disruption at home and abroad were presented, in addition, the merits and demerits of different controlling-release carrier were indicated.Result] Mating disruption of insect sex pheromone is a novel and green technology due to its high efficiency, specificity, environment-friendly and as an important part of Integrated Pest Management. And it has been widely used in Lepidoptera pests control, as well as Coleoptera, Homoptera, Hemiptera, Hymenoptera. Controlling-release carrier and rates are the precondition of sex pheromone mating disruption technology, and the application mechanism was revealed. The economic and policy factor restricting the application of mating disruption is further clarified, so as to provide references for controlling insect pests with sex pheromone mating disruption in China.Conclusion] Mating disruption of insect sex pheromone is playing an important role in the pest control, and has a broad prospect.