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松瘤象幼虫危害马尾松活立木,在渝北区1a发生1代,以幼虫在被害树木质部越冬。翌年5月上旬开始化蛹,下旬始见成虫,6月上旬为成虫羽化高峰期,中旬为产卵盛期,幼虫孵化后即危害马尾松活立木的韧皮部及木质部表层,以后逐渐向木质部危害。可利用成虫具有较强趋光性的特性,设灯诱杀成虫;幼虫危害期对受害木进行拔除销毁,可降低虫口密度;加强检疫,防治人为传播。 相似文献
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[目的]日本学者Kosaka与Ogura发现松褐天牛成虫除携带松材线虫外,雌成虫卵巢内还携带有另一种线虫,他们将其命名为卵巢线虫,并认为这种线虫是松褐天牛成虫的寄生性线虫。我国对该种线虫的研究迄今未见报道。为了证明这种线虫在我国是否存在和分布,开展了本项研究。[方法]分期分批捕获刚羽化的松褐天牛雌雄成虫,采用解剖松褐天牛成虫松树木质部及感病的松褐天牛幼虫等方法,调查卵巢线虫的存在与分布。[结果]通过调查研究,发现我国的松褐天牛成虫体内有该卵巢线虫存在,分布于松褐天牛成虫、幼虫体内和松树木质部3个部位;在松褐天牛成虫体内的卵巢线虫通过松褐天牛雌成虫产卵而接种、进入寄主树木木质部中。同时,木质部的卵巢线虫也有一部分进入松褐天牛幼虫体内寄生,另一部分仍在木质部生活,当松褐天牛幼虫再次发育为成虫时,在木质部中的卵巢线虫和已被寄生的松褐天牛幼虫体内的卵巢线虫再次进入松褐天牛成虫体内,完成循环。卵巢线虫在松褐天牛雌、雄虫体内均有分布,携带率为44.4%,其中松褐天牛雌成虫携带率为43.8%,松褐天牛雄成虫携带率为45.0%,两者间无显著差异;每头松褐天牛成虫平均携带卵巢线虫574条,其中雌成虫平均携带816条,雄成虫平均携带308条,具显著差异。初步研究表明,卵巢线虫在松褐天牛成虫体内只能完成产卵到1~4龄的幼虫阶段,不能完成一个完整的世代;在松褐天牛幼虫体内寄生和在木质部生活的卵巢线虫能完成一个完整世代,但具体过程尚不清楚;调查中未观察到卵巢线虫对松褐天牛成虫有寄生致病或致死的现象,但对松褐天牛幼虫有寄生致死的能力;卵巢线虫常与松材线虫同时存在,而且侵入松树及离开松树的方式与松材线虫相同。[结论]我国松褐天牛体内也发现有卵巢线虫存在;目前尚不能证明该线虫对松褐天牛成虫具有寄生致死性,但对松褐天牛幼虫具有一定的寄生致死性;卵巢线虫的生活史与松材线虫相似,是否与松材线虫一样对松树具有危害性以及其病理作用还有待于进一步研究。 相似文献
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1松毛虫的生活史及习性 松毛虫的生活史一年一代,大部分以3~4龄在树干基部枯枝落叶层下卷曲过冬,翌年4月中旬日平均气温达10℃时,越冬幼虫开始上树为害,一般在4~5月份上树为害。6~7月份老熟幼虫在树上结茧化蛹,7~8月份羽化为成虫,数天后产卵,卵期约10~12d孵化成幼虫,8~10月份新生幼虫开始上树为害。11月份下树越冬。 相似文献
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松尺蠖(B up a lus p in ip aria L innaeus)是鳞翅目、尺蛾科的一种危害云南松、华山松针叶的害虫。在盐源县一年发生1代,以幼虫在树干周围土壤中越冬。翌年2月上旬开始活动,3月中旬至5月下旬幼虫取食危害盛期,6月下旬幼虫下地化蛹,8月中旬为成虫羽化始期,8月下旬至9月中旬为羽化盛期,9月下旬至10月上旬成虫羽化产卵结束,产后三周左右卵孵化出幼虫,9月下旬到翌年2月中旬为幼虫越冬期。其防治措施为卫生抚育、物理防治、化学药剂防治、生物防治和灯光诱杀防治。 相似文献
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《福建林业科技》2020,(2)
2015—2018年在福建省泉州市的南安罗山林场采用林间养虫笼仿野外饲养方法,系统观察松墨天牛的生活史和生物学特性。研究表明,松墨天牛在泉州地区1 a发生2代,部分1 a发生3代。松墨天牛多以高龄幼虫在蛀道中越冬,4月上旬始见成虫,5月中旬为越冬代成虫羽化出孔高峰期。第1代幼虫5月下旬可见,6月中旬开始蛀入木质部,7月中旬成虫羽化出孔,8月中旬为第1代成虫羽化出孔高峰期。第2代幼虫最早于8月中旬出现,多数以高龄幼虫在蛀道中越冬;有15.2%松墨天牛幼虫可发育为成虫并羽化出孔和交尾产卵,于11月上旬产生第3代越冬幼虫。研究结果可为松材线虫病的防治提供参考。 相似文献
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会泽新松叶蜂是华山松的主要食叶害虫。该虫在会泽县者海林场1年发生2代,以老熟幼虫在树冠周围的枯枝落叶层中结茧越冬。第1代3月下旬为产卵盛期,6月中旬-8月中旬为蛹期,7月中旬-8月中旬为成虫期;第2代7月下旬-9月上旬为卵期,11月上旬-次年3月中旬为蛹期,3月中旬-4月下旬为成虫期。根据其生物学特性及生活习性,提出了综合防治措施。化学防治以40%氧化乐果1:800倍液最好。室内和田间对幼虫喷药的防治效果在90%以上。 相似文献
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马尾松吉松叶蜂属松叶蜂科Diprionidae,是危害马尾松的一种新害虫,近年来在安徽滁县沙河集林业总场发生相当严重。经研究,此虫一年发生2代,以预蛹越冬。该幼虫的空间分型为聚集分布,我们编制了“马尾松吉松叶蜂地面茧数”查定表;制定了防治指标;其防治适期为2-3龄幼虫出现高峰期;第1代为5月15-30日;第2代为10月10-25日。以2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油等加柴油配成油烟剂进行喷烟防治,效果在96% 相似文献
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The treatment of seed potato tubers by imidacloprid, as well as the standard granular insecticides applied in the furrow, did not, in four years of trials, sufficiently prevent damage from wireworms, noctuid larvae and mole crickets to potato tubers. The main reason for this failure is the spatial and temporal distance between the application of insecticides and the moment when their action is needed. On the other hand, the effects of imidacloprid applied as seed tuber treatment on the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle was very good: depending upon conditions, it lasted from at least 55, to 70 days at the most. It protected the foliage from any substantial damage from the entire first generation, and ensured high yields. Therefore a decision on seed tuber treatment with imidacloprid in Croatia should primarily depend upon the cost/benefit calculation based on damage expected from the CPB (or aphids), and not from soil insect pests. 相似文献
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桃仁蜂EurytomamaslovskiiNikolskaya在河北承德多数1年1代,少数2年1代。老熟幼虫翌年3月底4月初开始化蛹,盛期在4月上中旬;4月中下旬成虫羽化,盛期在4月下旬;4月底5月初成虫开始产卵,产卵盛期在5月上旬。1个幼果内产卵1至多粒,5月中旬幼虫开始孵化并危害。同核内的幼虫有互相残杀的习性,最终1个果核内仅存活1头幼虫。6月下旬,幼虫陆续老熟并越夏、越冬。2年1代者第2年以老熟幼虫滞育,第3年完成生活史。不同的桃、杏品种或植株个体间受害率明显不同 相似文献
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Akira Ueda 《Journal of Forest Research》2000,5(1):21-29
A study of pre- and post-dispersal damage to the nuts of two beeches,Fagus crenata Blume andF. japonica Maxim., which masted simultaneously, was performed on a single site in Japan. Most insect damage to the nuts before dispersal
resulted from boring by lepidopteran larvae, and the level of attack was markedly higher onF. crenata than onF. japonica. Early nut growth ofF. crenata allowed these borers to act as the first attackers on the nuts. Conversely, late nut growth ofF. japonica delayed the attack of borers, and foliage feeders acted as the first attackers instead, chewing on nuts from the outside.
The low level of borer attacks on the nuts ofF. japonica in mast years was thought to have been caused by foliage feeders decreasing the amount of food resource available for later
attack by borers in lean years. This could then lead to a subsequent depression of the population of borers in mast years.
The proportion of nuts damaged by moth larvae was independent of the density of nuts for both beech species. Caching by vertebrates
was thought to be the most important factor in post-dispersal damage because the density of nuts of both beech species on
the forest floor in March was half the level measured using seed traps in the previous year. However, post-germination damage
caused by a fungus was also an important factor. The survival rate of the nuts (including current-year seedlings) in the year
after dispersal was independent of the density of dispersed sound nuts in the previous year for both beech species, with the
exception of one set of observations (forF. japonica in July).
This research was supported in part by a grant from the Japanese Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 相似文献
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Die Fraßtätigkeit von Dermestidenlarven (Dermestes peruvianus Castelnau) in verschiedenen Baustoffen
Ch. Künast 《Journal of pest science》1978,51(9):134-136
20 trials of materials used in buildings have been offered to dermestid larvae to bore in for pupations. Two different types of damage are described. Eight different test substances have been more or less damaged by the larvae. 相似文献
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The apple sawfly Hoplocampa testudinea Klug has recently become a widespread pest in Croatian apple orchards. It causes severe damage in the blooming period due to the fact that infested fruit fall off. This article shows results collected over three years of field research on trap catches of sawflies, the period of laying eggs, the appearance of larvae and detection of damage. In the climate of northwestern Croatia, adult sawfly appear in April during the blooming period of the early apple variety of Idared. By monitoring temperatures from January 1, adults were detected when the thermal constant reached 210 day-degrees. Our observations showed that the larvae emerged when the sum of thermal constants reached ca. 110 day-degrees. The investigation of effective control strategies with insecticides showed high efficacy of thiametoxam (Actara), imidacloprid (Confidor), thiacloprid (Calypso) and betacyfluthrin + oxydemeton-methyl (Enduro) and lower efficacy of phosalone (Zolone), chlorpyrifos-methyl (Reldan), and lambda cyhalothrin (Karate). 相似文献
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桉树尺蠖是闽南地区桉树林中发生最严重的食叶害虫,为控制其危害,确定最佳防治适期,通过采用林间喷洒2%阿维菌素+苏云金杆菌粉剂的方法,比较第1代幼虫危害早期(5月2日)、危害中期(5月13日)和危害后期(5月30日)分别进行防治的效果,结果表明:在第1代尺蠖幼虫危害早期,每667 m2使用500 g药剂进行防治,5 d后虫口减退率为97.5%;危害中期每667 m2施用500 g药剂进行防治,5 d后虫口减退率为95.3%;危害后期每667 m2施用1000 g药剂进行防治,5 d后虫口减退率为83.9%,明显比早期和中期开展防治的低。危害早期和中期施药防治,第2代幼虫不产生危害;而危害后期开展防治,第2代幼虫仍有轻度危害。在危害中期以前防治对提高防治效果、减少损失有显著作用,同时还能减少农药的使用量。 相似文献