澳洲坚果组织培养研究

澳洲坚果优良品种ＨＡＥＳ８００的茎顶,于培养基ＭＳ＋ＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＣＭ１００ｍｌ／Ｌ＋Ｓｕｃｒｏｓｅ３％＋ａｇａｒ０．５％中培养至２５天时,于第二轮叶的叶尖产生白色愈伤组织和畸胚。将它们接种到培养基ＭＳ＋ＢＡ１－７ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ１－７ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１－０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋Ａ．Ｃ．０．２％＋Ｓｕｃｒｏｓｅ３％＋ａｇａｒ０．５％上,愈伤组织能不断增殖并分化出畸胚;畸胚自身也以出芽方式增殖,且由白逐渐转绿,并分化出丛芽。将单芽切下,于培养基１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋Ａ．Ｃ．０．２％＋Ｓｕｃｒｏｓｅ２％＋ａｇａｒ０．５％中诱根６０天后,将无根苗放在沙床上炼苗６０天,可以获得生根良好的种苗。     

荔浦芋的离2体培养和快繁技术

选用优良荔浦芋的母芽和子芽的顶芽为外植体。在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上可诱导出再生植株,瑞生植株在ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ２．０～４．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＮＡＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上继代培养３０－４０天可获得２－３倍丛生芽,以６－ＢＡ３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基对丛生芽的诱导效果较好,把丛生芽切割在ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上培     

第二讲 MINITAB命令概述（续）

（指数）。（２）比较运算符：＝（或ＥＱ）、￣＝（或ＮＥ）、＜（或ＬＴ），＞（或ＧＴ）、＜＝（或ＬＥ）、＞＝（或ＧＥ）。（３）逻辑运算符：逻辑与＆（或ＡＮＤ）、逻辑或｜（或ＯＲ）、逻辑非￣（或ＮＯＴ）。（４）函数：在ＬＥＴ命令中可以使用的函数见表２－３所示。在ＬＥＴ命令中使用函数时，函数的参数必须用括号括住。（５）下标：可以在列变量后使用下标，如Ｃ１（３），代表Ｃ１的第三行的值。（６）在ＬＥＴ命令中运算符的优先级为：［下标］［函数］［］［！］［＊／］［＋－］［比较运算符］［＆］［｜］。例如：ＬＥＴＣ１（３）＝４＃将Ｃ１的第三个值改为４；ＬＥＴＣ４＝（Ｃ１－ＭＥＡＮ（Ｃ１））２；ＬＥＴＫ２＝ＳＵＭ（ＡＢＳＯ（Ｃ１－ＭＥＡＮ（Ｃ１）））：ＬＥＴＣ５＝（Ｃ１〈５）＋１；ＬＥＴＣ６＝（Ｃ１＜０｜（Ｃ２＝’＊’）；注意：在ＬＥＴ命令中不能用矩阵作参数。表２－３ＬＥＴ命令可以使用的函数２．加法由于ＭＩＮＩＴＡＢ的赋值运算命令不能以矩阵作为参数，所以ＭＩＮＩＴＡＢ还提供了专门用于加、减、乘、除运算的命令。加法命令为ＡＤＤ，可以对列变量、常数、存储常量或矩阵进行加法运算，其使用格式为：ＡＤＤＥ，．．．，ＥｐｕｔｉｎｔｏＥ其中     

曼海母宫殿组织培养

曼海母宫殿以当年生枝条上饱满未萌发的侧芽为外植体．进行组织培养、在附加６－ＢＡ１．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上．芽诱导效果最好，在附加６－ＢＡ１．５＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＫＴ１．０＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上．芽的分化效果最好。在附加ＫＴ０．３＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ或６－ＢＡ０．３＋ＮＡＡ０．０５＋ＺＴ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ的ＭＳ培养基上，壮苗效果最好。在附加ＩＢＡ０．１ｍｇ／Ｌ或ＩＢＡ０．１＋ＮＡＡ０．０２ｍｇ／Ｌ的１／２ＭＳ培养基上生根效果最好。试管苗高２．５～４．０ｃｍ，且具有３～５条短根时，开瓶锻炼３～５ｄ。移栽入土效果好、种植在保温保湿环境中．试管苗成活率高。     

木立芦荟的离体快速繁殖

以木立芦荟（Ａ．ａｒｂｏｒｅｓｅｎｓ．Ｍｉｌｌ）为材料，研究芦荟的离体快速繁殖。在附加ＫＴ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＩＡＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基上能获得无菌材料，但易引起玻璃化。在附加ＩＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基中培养６０～７０天后产生小芽。分化与增殖阶段，在ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ＋６－ＢＡ２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ培养基中增殖效果最好，繁殖倍数可达３．５６。将继代培养获得的大苗切割成单苗，     

月季的离体快速繁殖技术

以月季良种红衣主教带腋芽茎段为外植体进行离体快速繁殖研究,结果表明：在ＭＳ＋２．００－３．００ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１６－ＢＡ＋０．１０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１ＮＡＡ培养基上进行起始培养,其腋芽分化率达６３％以上,在ＭＳ＋２．００－３．００ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１６－ＢＡ＋０．１０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１ＮＡＡ＋１．００ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１ＧＡ３培养基上进行继代增殖,４５ｄ其增殖倍数达３．４以上,且长成的芽苗比较粗壮;增殖后的芽苗在１／２ＭＳ     

ABT生根粉在脱毒甘薯试管苗忆繁上的应用

采用１／２ＭＳ＋ＬＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＡＢＴ３号４ｍｇ／Ｌ的培养基配方,可使脱毒甘薯生根数比单剂使用提高２０％左右;根长、株高均有不同程度的增加,明显加快了生根的速度,县对叶片生长量有一定促进作用,取得了快繁生根和壮苗的双重效果。不同品种的脱毒甘薯试管苗对ＡＢＴ３号生根粉的反应效果有差异。     

丰花月季组培快繁技术研究初报

组织快繁技术研究结果表明：适宜丰花月季离体芽诱导分化的培养基为ＭＳ＋６－ＭＡ０．５０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１０～０．２０ｍｇ／Ｌ;适宜丛生芽继代增殖的培养基为ＭＳ＋６－ＢＡ１．００ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＮＡＡ０．１０～０．２０ｍｇ／Ｌ;适宜丰花月季试管苗生根的培养基为１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．１０ｍｇ／Ｌ,其生根率达９０％。     

刺树愈伤组织培养时不定芽的分化

以枣树色白,结构紧密的愈伤组织为材料,对其不定芽的分化情况进行了研究。结果表明,用ＭＳ（ＮＯ＾－３／２）作基本培养基,并附加ＫＴ４．０００ｍｇ／Ｌ．ＺＴ１．７５０ｍｇ／Ｌ和ＮＡＡ０．０１５ｍｇ／Ｌ可以获得比较好的不定芽分化效果,鸡收枣和无核小枣不定芽再生频率分别达到３０％,２２％,其它品种再生频率低于１５％,不定芽在ＭＳ（ＮＯ＾－３／２）＋ＮＡＡ０．０１５ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＺＴＴ１．７５０ｍｇ／Ｌ＋ＫＴ４     

杂种大花万寿菊试管苗繁殖

利用组织培养技术繁殖引进的杂种大花万寿菊获得成功,在诱导侧芽时,利用６－卞基腺嘌呤（６－ＢＡ２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）和玉米素（ＺＴ２．５ｍｇ／Ｌ）ＺＴ对侧芽的诱导效果好于６－ＢＡ,诱导生根的培养基分别为（１）１／２ＭＳ;（２）１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ;（３）１／２ＭＳ＋ＮＡＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ;（４）１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ０．５ｍｇ／Ｌ;（５）１／２ＭＳ＋ＩＢＡ１ｍｇ／Ｌ．ＩＢＡ可以促进万行区形成不定根,质量     

小麦花药培养效率的影响因素研究

【目的】研究影响小麦花药培养特性的因素,优化小麦花药培养条件,提高小麦花药培养效率。【方法】以10个普通小麦品种(系)及其16个杂交F₁代花药为材料,研究了普通小麦基因型、基本培养基种类及低温预处理时间、诱导培养基附加脯氨酸和硝酸铈对小麦花药培养特性的影响。【结果】不同基因型小麦花药培养特性差异较大,供试基因型的花药反应率与愈伤组织诱导率相关性高,而两者与绿苗分化率无相关性。荔高6号×置丰0502 F₁、周麦16×BI0452 F₁、烟农19×开麦18 F₁、豫麦69×新麦208 F₁、煤生0308和皖麦41×烟农19 F₁有较高的绿苗产率;基本培养基种类对供试小麦花药愈伤组织诱导率、反应率、绿苗产率有显著影响,对绿苗分化率影响不显著,癸培养基小麦花药培养特性总体优于C₁₇培养基;小麦花药低温预处理时间以0.5 d最佳;在诱导培养基中加入3.0～4.5 mg/L硝酸铈后,小麦花药愈伤组织诱导率提高83%～430%,绿苗产率提高82%～557%;600 mg/L的脯氨酸可以使小麦花药的愈伤组织诱导率提高118%,绿苗产率提高222%。【结论】选择花药培养特性好的基因型、对花药低温预处理0.5 d、在癸诱导培养基中添加4.5 mg/L硝酸铈和600 mg/L脯氨酸,可大幅度提高小麦花药的培养效率。     

BN-2在小麦花药培养中的应用

研究了BN－2对小麦花药培养效率的影响。结果表明，在诱导培养中添加BN－2可明显缩短出愈时间3－7d，提高花药愈伤组织诱导率，BN－2在低浓度1．0－5．0ug/L对愈伤组织诱导起促进作用，而当浓度升到10．0ug/L时，则有抑制愈伤组织形成的趋势，BN－2与KT配合使用对绿苗的分化及产量效果更好，适宜的浓度的配比为KT0．5mg/L BN-21.0ug/L,结苗率和绿苗产量分别较对照提高40．6％和46．1％。     

环境、稀土和基因型对小麦花培绿苗分化的影响

研究了环境、稀土和基因型对小麦花药培养绿苗分化率的影响,结果表明,绿苗分化率受环境、稀土含量及基因型的显著影响。稀土含量为1.5 mg/L时,不同基因型的小麦绿苗分化率都达到较高的水平。     

甘蓝型油菜新不育系恢复材料花药培养影响因素的研究

新不育系（NEA）材料是一种不同于波里马细胞质雄不育系（Polcms）的新胞质雄不育系,该不育系不育性彻底、性状一致、遗传稳定、蜜腺和柱头发育正常、叶色深绿、生长势强、配合力高。经过多年的努力研制出了新不育恢复系（NER）。该试验就这一特殊材料进行花药培养,研究影响该材料的花培影响因素,为以后培育大量花培植株构建DH群体,进行遗传性状、分子标记和基因定位研究以及迅速纯化单倍体等更好地利用该新材料打下基础。     

不同培养基和激素对超级杂交稻花药培养力的影响

以超级杂交稻两优培九F1的花药为材料,探讨不同诱导培养基、分化培养基及植物激素等因素对其花药培养效果的影响。结果表明：（1）不同的培养基表现出不同的花培效果,培养基和基因型间存在着一定的互作效应,其中改良M8培养基表现出对不同基因型材料有较广的适应性和较强的绿苗诱导作用。（2）诱导培养基中添加1．5mg／L 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸（2,4-D）与1．5mg／L萘乙酸（NAA）配比的组合比添加2．0mg／L 2,4-D的组合绿苗分化率高1．17—2．80个百分点。（3）MS分化培养基中添加2．0mg／L 6-苄基氨基嘌呤（6-BA）配比的比添加2．0mg／L激动素（KT）配比的绿苗分化率高2．52个百分点。     

小麦幼胚培养特性对外源物质响应的研究

以豫麦49、豫麦18和兰考906为试验材料,研究了不同外源物质(2,4-D、ABA和AgNO3)对小麦幼胚愈伤组织培养特性的影响。结果表明不同浓度外源物质间小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿点率差异均达到0.01显著水平,其中以2.0~3.0 mg/L 2,4~D、2.0 mg/L2,4-D 0.1 mg/L ABA和2.0mg/L 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L ABA 5.0mg/L AgNO3浓度处理适宜小麦幼胚胚性愈伤组织诱导和愈伤组织分化。在适宜浓度2,4-D、ABA和AgNO3培养条件下,3个供试品种间胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿点率差异达到0.01显著水平,其中以豫麦18胚性愈伤组织诱导率和愈伤组织绿点率最高。     

甘蓝型油菜新不育系恢复材料花药培养影响因素的研究（英文）

Some influential factors of anther culture were studied preliminarily by conducting anther culture of the restorers of new cytoplasmic male sterile(NER).Several results were obtain from this experiment and they were listed as follow:① MS cultrure medium with such hormones as 2,4-D 2 mg/L,6-BA 0.5 mg/L,NAA 0.5 mg/L was the best suitable for callus induction of NER.②The difference of induction rate was significantly different between different plant age groups.From the 110th day to 141th day,the induction rate was increased with the increase of age and the difference of induction rate reached 0.01 significant difference level.The induction rate reached the highest value in the 141th day then it declined gradually.③The combined use of 2,4-D and 6-BA with proper increase of 2,4-D was good for inducing callus.④The green plantlet induction rate of NER was increased when the concentration of 6-BA increased from 2 mg/L to 4 mg/L.Adding ZT from 0.5 mg/L to 2 mg/L,6-BA would led 2.47% increase of green plantlet induction rate.     

Study on Plant Regeneration of Wheat Mature Embryos Under Endosperm-Supported Culture

To reveal the suitability of using mature embryos as an explant source in wheat tissue culture, mature embryos from eight common wheat cultivars （Triticum aestivum L. cv.） were cultured with or without endosperm to test their efficiency of callus induction and plant regeneration. When embryos were cultured together with endosperm （endosperm-supported culture, ES）, the percentage of callus induction was significantly lower than that when embryos were cultured in the absence of endosperm （non-endosperm-supported culture, NES）. This pattern was evident in most genotypes, regardless of whether 2 or 8 mg L^-1 2,4-D was added in the NES culture. However, in ES culture, more induced calli were differentiated into distinct green spots and they further developed into plantlets. Thus, more plants were regenerated in ES culture than in the NES treatment. Most of the eight tested genotypes showed a significant difference in callus induction rate and plantlet regeneration in both ES and NES cultures. In addition, the enzymatic activity of oxalate oxidase in the callus of ES culture condition was obviously higher than that in the callus of NES culture condition, suggesting that the activity of oxalate oxidase may be a parameter for selection of calli with potential for plantlet regeneration. These results indicate that wheat mature embryos are valuable explants for highly efficient callus induction and plant regeneration, if proper treatment and medium are used.     

草莓花药培养植株再生率影响因素分析

[目的]提高草莓花药培养效率。[方法]以草莓品种“丰香”为材料,研究了不同条件对诱导花药愈伤组织和绿苗分化的影响。[结果]8℃预处理3d,草莓花药的愈伤组织诱导率可达64.8％,显著高于处理5d（46．5％）和不经低温处理（40．3％）的诱导率。22℃和25℃培养时,愈伤组织诱导率分别为61．30％和68．36％,前者的愈伤组织优于后者。激素组合BA 0．2mg／L＋KT 1．0mg／L＋NAA 2．0mg／L的出愈率达61．57％,且愈伤质量较好。黄绿色颗粒状、绿色致密、淡黄色蓬松等3种愈伤组织分别占11．5％、49．0％、39．5％。愈伤组织在激素组合ZT 2．0mg／L＋BA 0．5mg／L＋NAA 0．2mg／L中的分化率最高,可达11．28％。生根培养后,花培植株生根率达98％。[结论]得到了草莓花药培养的适宜条件。     

寒地早粳花培培养基中铁的效应(英文)

In this study, through vitro culturing anthers of 7 F1 progenies of early Japonica rice in cold region on medium with different Fe2+ contents, it was found that Fe2+ content generated greater impacts on the induction rate and green plantlet differentiation. The result demonstrated that if Fe2+ increased from 32 to 40 mg/kg, the induction rate of early Japonica rice anther culture in N6 culture media was more then 1.4 times higher than that in N6 culture media containing 5.6 mg/kg Fe2+. In this concentration range, the induction rate increased with the increase of Fe2+ content, while if the concentration was over this concentration range, the induction rate decreased with the increase of Fe2+, showing single peak distribution. When the Fe2+ was 40 mg/kg in differentiation medium, the differentiation rate decreased dramatically. The green plantlet differentiations of callus which were induced on culture media containing 32-40 mg/kg Fe2+ were different, when they were cultured on MS culture media, and 85.7% materials could increase green plantlet productivity to about 7.8%. Therefore, increasing Fe2+in induction media properly could increase anther culture efficiency of early Japonica rice in cold region.