小球藻的分离及其DNA提取方法的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to isolate Chlorella vulgaris(chlorella)and extract its genomic DNA.[Method] Both the dilution method and drip method were employed to isolate chlorella from lake water samples;the conditions for culturing chlorella were optimized and its genomic DNA was extracted by improved CTAB method and SDS method.[Result] The proper conditions for chlorella culture were as following:temperature 20-25 ℃,illumination 4.39-5.86 W/m2 and rotational speed 100-150r/min;improved CTAB method was suitable for extracting genomic DNA from chlorella.[Conclusion] The study is helpful to study the chlorella at molecular level and promote the exploitation and utilization of chlorella resources.     

Isolation of Chlorella vulgaris and Its DNA Extraction Methods

[Objective] The aim of this study is to isolate Chlorella vulgaris(chlorella)and extract its genomic DNA.[Method] Both the dilution method and drip method were employed to isolate chlorella from lake water samples;the conditions for culturing chlorella were optimized and its genomic DNA was extracted by improved CTAB method and SDS method.[Result] The proper conditions for chlorella culture were as following:temperature 20-25 ℃,illumination 4.39-5.86 W/m2 and rotational speed 100-150r/min;improved CTAB method was suitable for extracting genomic DNA from chlorella.[Conclusion] The study is helpful to study the chlorella at molecular level and promote the exploitation and utilization of chlorella resources.     

一种适用于动物与植物总DNA提取的方法——改良CTAB法(英文)

[Objective] The study aimed to introduce a rapid and effective method that is suitable for extracting genomic DNA from animal and plant. [Method] The genomic DNAs were extracted from tender leaves of 24 peanut cultivars and from the liver,lung and kidney of white mouse through the specifically modified CTAB method. The DNAs were run on agarose gel,next detected by DNA/Protein analyzer. Finally PCR amplification was conducted to detect the quality of DNAs extracted using the modified CTAB method. [Result] The clear and orderly bands were observed in gel detection,and the values of OD260/OD280 for DNAs extracted via modified CTAB method were between 1.77-1.83. The DNAs performed well in PCR amplification. [Conclusion] The DNAs extracted by modified CTAB method could satisfy the requirement of PCR amplification.     

A Method Suitable for Extracting Genomic DNA from Animal and Plant——Modified CTAB Method

[Objective] The study aimed to introduce a rapid and effective method that is suitable for extracting genomic DNA from animal and plant. [Method] The genomic DNAs were extracted from tender leaves of 24 peanut cultivars and from the liver,lung and kidney of white mouse through the specifically modified CTAB method. The DNAs were run on agarose gel,next detected by DNA/Protein analyzer. Finally PCR amplification was conducted to detect the quality of DNAs extracted using the modified CTAB method. [Result] The clear and orderly bands were observed in gel detection,and the values of OD260/OD280 for DNAs extracted via modified CTAB method were between 1.77-1.83. The DNAs performed well in PCR amplification. [Conclusion] The DNAs extracted by modified CTAB method could satisfy the requirement of PCR amplification.     

大白菜基因组DNA的提取及AFLP反应体系的建立(英文)

[Objective] The obtained clear AFLP fingerprint of Chinese cabbage provided basis for studies on the molecular markers of Chinese cabbage cultivars and the phylogenetic relationship among Chinese cabbage cultivars. [Method] With the test materials of leaves of Chinese cabbages, the high-quality total DNA from leaves of Chinese cabbages was extracted by the modified CTAB method. DNA restriction-ligase reaction, pre-amplification and selective amplification were optimized, and the AFLP silver-staining reaction system for Chinese cabbage was established. [Result] The quality of DNA template influenced restriction enzyme digestion and the subsequent ligase amplification reaction, while the modified CTAB extraction method could be used in AFLP analysis of Chinese cabbage to obtain a clear AFLP fingerprint. The optimum conditions for restriction enzyme digestion of genomic DNA from Chinese cabbage were as follows: 150 g DNA template, 12.5 μl reaction volume, 1.25 U Eco R Ⅰ, 1.25 U Mse Ⅰ and 5×Reaction Buffer with 4 h at 37 ℃. The ligation reaction with 2.5 h at 20 ℃ was the optimum condition. Six pairs of primers including E-AAC/M-CAG, E-AAG/M-CAC, E-ACA/M-CTG, E-ACT/M-CAC, E-ACT/M-CTT and E-ACT/M-CTC all had its own stable and clear patterns. [Conclusion] With abundant bands and high polymorphism, AFLP selective amplification is an efficient molecular marker for genomic polymorphism of Chinese cabbage.     

拮抗链霉菌AFLP分析技术体系的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate the preparation method and amplification system of antagonistic streptomyces DNA templates based on AFLP assays, and also provide a basis for the application of AFLP technology in the analysis of streptomyces or even actinomyces. [Method] The DNAs were extracted by the modified CTAB method and amplified by the Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ AFLP kit and its reaction system. The amplified products were analyzed by the denatured polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. [Result] The genomic DNAs of ten antagonistic strains of Streptomyces were extracted and tested. The result of 0.8% agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the major DNA bands were clear without degradation and RNA residue, with the fragment sizes ranging from 37.64 to 40.86 Kb. By ultraviolet spectrophotometry, the OD260/OD280 values varying from 1.625 to 1.833 were obtained. Furthermore, the agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA products digested by Pst Ⅰ/Mse Ⅰ presented the dispersed fluorescent long band, which indicated that the enzymatic hydrolysis was fully carried out. The amplified bands of DNA templates by the screened three pairs of primers were clear with rich polymorphism. [Conclusion] The preparation method and amplification system of DNA template established in this study can be used in the AFLP analysis of Streptomyces.     

青蒿组织中快速有效DNA提取方法的研究(英文)

[Objective] The objective of this study is to explore a rapid and efficient method of extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia abrotanum. [Method] Three methods of Cutting [Method],Liquid Nitrogen [Method] and Quartz Sand [Method] based on SDS method were employed to extract Artemisia abrotanum genomic DNA from tender leaf at seedling stage,tender spike and old leaf at heading stage. The obtained DNAs were detected by absorbance detection,agarose gel and PCR amplification. [Result] Cutting [Method] performed better than the other two methods compared in purity,extracting cycle and cost,accordingly more suitable for PCR amplification. The results also show that young spike is the best material for extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia Annua.     

An Improved Method of Extracting Artemisia abrotanum Genomic DNA

[Objective] The objective of this study is to explore a rapid and efficient method of extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia abrotanum. [Method] Three methods of Cutting [Method],Liquid Nitrogen [Method] and Quartz Sand [Method] based on SDS method were employed to extract Artemisia abrotanum genomic DNA from tender leaf at seedling stage,tender spike and old leaf at heading stage. The obtained DNAs were detected by absorbance detection,agarose gel and PCR amplification. [Result] Cutting [Method] performed better than the other two methods compared in purity,extracting cycle and cost,accordingly more suitable for PCR amplification. The results also show that young spike is the best material for extracting genomic DNA from Artemisia Annua.     

炎毒热清及其微乳制剂小鼠急性毒性试验和体外抑菌作用(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and bacteriostasis of Yandureqing(AEE)and its microemulsion(AEE-ME).[Method]The acute toxicity was tested in mice by intragastric administration,and median lethal dose(LD50)as well as its 95% confidence interval was calculated by modified Karber method;the bacteriostasis was investigated by cylinder plate method.[Result]LD50 of AEE in mice was 10.937 g/kg with the 95% confidence interval of 9.309-12.850 g/kg;and LD50 of AEE-ME in mice was 5.357 g/kg with the 95% confidence interval of 4.388-6.566 g/kg.The MICs of AEE to Escherichia coli O149 from swine,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella pullorum and Streptococcus agalactiae were 10.00,20.00,20.00 and 10.00 mg/ml,respectively;while the MICs of AEE-ME to the 4 kinds of bacteria mentioned above were 5.00,10.00,5.00 and 5.00 mg/ml in turn,and that to Pseudomonas aeruginosa is 20.00 mg/ml.[Conclusion]AEE is an actually nontoxic drug and AEE-ME belongs to the low toxic preparation.AEE and AEE-ME have obvious bacteriostasis,in which AEE-ME is superior to AEE.     

PCR-based Assay for the Detection of Xanthomonas campestris pv. Mangiferaeindicae Causing Bacterial Black Spot in Mango

[Objective] This study aimed to develop a PCR assay for detecting Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferaeindicae(Xcm) in culture and in planta. [Method] Primers(Xcm HF and Xcm HR) were designed based on the partial sequence of hrp B gene from xanthomonads to develop a PCR assay for Xcm. Furthermore, specificity and sensitivity of the primer pairs were analyzed in detection of genomic DNA and cell from Xcm. [Result] Amplication was positive only with genomic DNA from positive control ATCC11637 and 12 Xcm strains; no PCR products were amplified with genomic DNA from ten other xanthomonads and seven other bacterial species. The sensitivity of detection was 2.4 pg/μl genomic DNA, and 1.8 × 104CFU/ml cells. The primers also worked well for pathogen detection in direct PCR assays of Xcm colonies grown on liquid medium and in PCR assays of total DNA from leaf, branch and fruit lesions. [Conclusion] A PCR assay was successfully established for rapid detection of Xcm in culture and in planta.     

小球藻的分离及其DNA提取方法的研究

[目的]从湖水中分离小球藻并提取其DNA。[方法]采用稀释法及水滴法分离小球藻,优化小球藻培养条件,并用改良CTAB法及SDS法提取其DNA。[结果]温度20~25℃、光照4.39~5.86W/m2及转速100~150 r/min的条件适于小球藻的培养;改良CTAB法适于提取小球藻DNA。[结论]该研究将有助于在分子水平研究小球藻,促进小球藻的开发和利用。     

4种滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA提取方法比较

[目的]对4种滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA提取方法进行比较研究,建立滑叶铁线莲最适DNA提取方法。[方法]以滑叶铁线莲叶片为材料,比较改良CTAB法I、改良CTAB法Ⅱ、改良CTAB法Ⅲ、改良SDS法这4种基因组DNA提取法在提取DNA纯度、浓度和提取时间等方面的不同。[结果]4种方法都可提取滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA。改良CTAB法I提取DNA纯度最高,但浓度最低且提取时间最长;改良SDS法提取DNA浓度最高,所需时间较短,但纯度较低;改良CTAB法Ⅲ提取所需时间最短。[结论]建立了铁线莲最适DNA提取方法,为运用分子生物学手段对其研究提供支持。     

4种滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA提取方法比较(英文)

[目的]对4种滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA提取方法进行比较研究,建立滑叶铁线莲最适的DNA提取方法。[方法]以滑叶铁线莲叶片为材料,比较改良CTAB法Ⅰ、改良CTAB法Ⅱ、改良CTAB法Ⅲ、改良SDS法这4种基因组DNA提取法在提取的DNA纯度、浓度和提取时间等方面的不同。[结果]4种方法都可提取滑叶铁线莲基因组DNA。改良CTAB法Ⅰ提取DNA纯度最高,但浓度最低且提取时间最长;改良SDS法提取DNA浓度最高,所需时间较短,但纯度较低;改良CTAB法Ⅲ提取所需时间最短。[结论]建立了铁线莲最适DNA提取方法,为运用分子生物学手段对其研究提供支持。     

血水草基因组DNA提取方法的优化

[目的]优化血水草（Eomecon chionantha Hance）基因组DNA提取方法。[方法]采用常规CTAB法和改良CTAB法提取血水草基因组DNA。[结果]常规CTAB法提取的DNA含杂质多、难溶解、易降解;而改良的CTAB方法适合血水草基因组DNA的提取,采用鲜嫩叶样品和-80℃硅胶干燥嫩叶样品均可能获得完整性较好、纯度较高的基因组DNA。[结论]为血水草遗传多样性研究奠定了基础。     

4种镰刀菌基因组DNA提取方法的比较研究

[目的]寻找一种简便、高效的基因组DNA提取方法,为进一步开展镰刀菌等丝状真菌的分子生物学研究提供科学基础。[方法]采用改良的CTABS、DS、高盐沉淀和SDS-CTAB 4种方法提取8个镰刀菌菌株的基因组DNA,并对其进行质量测定及PCR分析,比较不同提取方法的效果。[结果]4种提取方法均可提取到基因组DNA,其抽提质量优劣依次为SDS、SDS-CTAB法、高盐沉淀法和CTAB法。其中采用SDS法可成功提取到所有供试菌株基因组DNA,而且DNA浓度和纯度均较高,RNA及其他杂质污染少。而高盐沉淀法和CTAB法提取到的基因组DNA不够完整或浓度较低。[结论]SDS法更适合于镰刀菌等丝状真菌基因组DNA的提取。     

凉粉草基因组DNA提取与分析

[目的]为分子生物学研究提供高质量、高产量的凉粉草总DNA。[方法]采用改良CTAB法提取总DNA,通过测定OD260/OD280值、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和RAPD扩增对所得DNA的浓度和质量进行检测,考察该方法对DNA的提取效果。[结果]改良CTAB法提取的总DNAOD260/OD280值为1.6～2.0;电泳条带清晰,完整性好,纯度高,总DNA分子量与λDNA相近;以所提DNA为模板进行RAPD扩增时,可得到稳定的扩增条带。[结论]改良CTAB法适合凉粉草基因组DNA的提取。     

蟠桃果实总RNA提取方法的研究

[目的]筛选获得提取蟠桃果肉中总RNA的适宜方法.[方法]以盛花后100 d的蟠桃为材料,采用Transplant plus植物总RNA提取试剂提取法、RNAisoTM试剂盒法、改良SDS法、改良CTAB法等四种方法提取总RNA.[结果]两种试剂盒法提取的总RNA质量差,有严重的基因组污染;改良SDS法提取物中含有大量的多糖;采用改良CTAB法所得RNA完整性好,条带清晰无降解,无基因组污染.经过RT - PCR和Northern blot检测后,表明该RNA能够满足后续分子生物学操作的要求.[结论]蟠桃果实总RNA适宜提取方法-改良CTAB法的确定为后续果实发育分子生物学的研究奠定了基础.     

羌活基因组DNA提取方法

[目的]探索一种用于RAPD分析的羌活基因组DNA提取方法。[方法]分别采取CTAB法S、DS法和改良的CTAB法提取羌活基因组DNA,通过紫外分光光度法、琼脂糖凝胶电泳和RAPD分析对提取的DNA进行检测。[结果]3种方法均能有效地从羌活中获得较高产量的DNA,以改良的CTAB法所得的DNA纯度最高,此法提取的羌活基因组DNAOD260/OD280为1.8~2.0,DNA干重得率约为0.235μg/mg。[结论]改良的CTAB法更适于羌活基因组DNA的提取,可以完全满足RAPD扩增的需要。     

中药材附子基因组DNA提取方法研究

[目的]为研究附子的遗传多样性、种质鉴定和指纹图谱的构建提供基本保证。[方法]以中药材附子药源植物的幼嫩叶片和块根为试材,分别采用SDS法、CTAB法和改良CTAB法从中药材附子药源植物中提取基因组DNA,比较不同方法的提取效果。[结果]对于新鲜叶子,采用SDS法提取DNA的A260/A280值最接近1.80,其次为改良CTAB。采用改良CTAB法从新鲜附子提取DNA的A260/A280值最接近1.80,表明改良CTAB法的除杂效果优于SDS法。SDS法适于杂质含量较低的试材。采用SDS法提取的DNA浓度最高,改良CTAB法次之,CTAB法最低;从鲜材料提取基因组DNA浓度比干材料高。[结论]3种方法均能提取到中药材附子药源植物的基因组DNA,SDS法对新鲜叶子提取的基因组DNA效果最佳,改良CTAB法对新鲜附子进行DNA提取的效果最好。