基于无人机影像的林地单株立木自动化提取研究——以丹霞山湿地保护区为例

利用无人机技术可以快速获取林业自然保护区高分辨率遥感影像,无人机影像在林业资源调查与监测中具备传统卫星影像无可比拟的优势。本研究以丹霞山湿地自然保护区为研究对象,基于无人机遥感影像,提出了一种人工林地单株立木自动化提取方法。研究采用遥感影像多尺度分割算法,对研究区无人机遥感影像进行多尺度分割,然后通过构建林地特征信息模型,实现对案例区人工林地单株立木自动化提取。结果表明：该方法在丹霞山湿地保护区人工林地自动化提取中具有较高的可行性,Kappa系数达到了0.979,总体分类精度达到了98.40%,能够满足人工林地提取的需要。该方法省去了人工林地分类前的人工干预和先验知识输入,大幅度提高了无人机影像在林地资源调查应用中的工作效率,为精准林业调查提供了一种新方法。     

3S技术在林业中的应用与展望

摘要：本文论述了“3S” 技术的概念、理论、方法和特点,探讨了“3S”技术在森林资源调查与监测、森林火灾、森林病虫害监测、林业专题图制作、野生动物资源调查等方面的应用状况,对当前存在的问题提出几点建议。     

基于GIS的作物生产力专题图系统设计与实现

专题图制作存在模型计算过程繁琐、数据处理量大、制图任务重等问题，为了提高制作效率和出图时效性，利用Python语言，结合ArcGIS、数据库，开发数据处理、专题图制作软件，搭建区域作物生产力自动化制图系统。系统通过实时采集气象数据，运行生产力模型，制成区域作物生产力专题图。对安徽省作物生产力制图的实例进行分析，系统模拟结果与实际情况相近，在调整地理底图和气象站点后，可直接应用于中国中东部作物产区，为区域粮食作物稳产提供信息技术支撑。     

基于GIS的孟达自然保护区森林资源信息管理

地理信息系统（GIS）在森林资源的管理中是目前研究的一个热点。文章以青海省循化孟达自然保护区为试点,利用Mapinfo7.0制作孟达自然保护区林相图、森林小班图,建立保护区森林资源数据库,并在此基础上完成蓄积量对比专题图的制作,实现了对保护区森林资源方便、快捷、直观的查询与更新、管理工作。     

大数据环境下林业资源信息云服务体系架构

为了应对林业资源信息管理在大数据时代面临的新机遇和挑战,解决智慧林业中林业资源信息服务体系架构设计与应用问题,基于云计算理论与技术,深入剖析了林业资源信息云服务的内涵及其基本特征,参照IEEE 1471 2000提出了林业资源信息云服务架构设计元模型,进而借鉴架构模式中的层架构模式设计思想,初步设计了林业资源信息云服务体系架构的总体结构和分布式协同部署模式,在国家林业局和辽宁省开展的林业资源监管服务系统构建过程中对体系架构的理论设计结果进行了实践应用和反馈修正。结果表明,林业资源信息云服务体系架构能够满足大数据环境下林业资源监管业务需求,具有良好的实用性和推广性。     

水电站工程水土流失预测存在的问题及对策

开发建设项目水土流失量预测是水土保持方案编制的依据和关键,针对水电站工程水土流失预测过程中出现的种种问题,如预测分区的混乱,预测面积不准确,预测时段划分不正确等,提出了相应的对策。给出了水土流失预测项目区划分图,对预测过程中流失系数的算法进行了分析,作者建议从侵蚀因子、选择类比法来或查阅相关水文资料确定流失系数。     

林业调查规划设计在林业生产中的意义

近年来,我国的经济水平得到了快速发展,在这个过程中林业生产起到了十分重要的作用,人们对林业调查规划设计的关注度也越来越高。在林业生产过程中应用林业调查规划,不仅纠正了林业生产工作的方向,还对我国林业的发展起到了极大的帮助作用。所以,将林业调查规划设计应用在林业生产建设过程中,在信息与技术上为整个林业建设项目提供了一定的支撑。对林业调查规划设计在林业生产建设中的意义进行了研究分析,并提出了相关建议。     

大数据环境下林业资源信息云服务体系架构——设计与实证

为了应对林业资源信息管理在大数据时代面临的新机遇和挑战,解决智慧林业中林业资源信息服务体系架构设计与应用问题,基于云计算理论与技术,深入剖析了林业资源信息云服务的内涵及其基本特征,参照IEEE 1471 2000提出了林业资源信息云服务架构设计元模型,进而借鉴架构模式中的层架构模式设计思想,初步设计了林业资源信息云服务体系架构的总体结构和分布式协同部署模式,在国家林业局和辽宁省开展的林业资源监管服务系统构建过程中对体系架构的理论设计结果进行了实践应用和反馈修正。结果表明,林业资源信息云服务体系架构能够满足大数据环境下林业资源监管业务需求,具有良好的实用性和推广性。     

RS与GIS在洛阳市绿地系统规划中的应用

应用RS和GIS对洛阳市的绿地进行了调查,建立了洛阳市绿地信息数据库,并对绿地现状进行了分析;在此基础上,研究探讨了RS和GIS在洛阳市绿地系统规划应用。在绿地信息的提取过程中,对研究区遥感图像进行了图像融合、几何纠正,图像分类和专题矢量化;建立了相关的空间数据库和属性数据库,并提取了建筑物高度。在规划中,应用了GIS的缓冲区分析、空间叠加分析、坡度坡向分析、通视分析功能,高度分析等功能;使规划更科学,更实际。     

林业工程树木养护管理技术运用探讨

在林业工程中,树木养护管理工作质量直接影响到整个林业工程的建设效果。在实际中,为了全面提高林业工程建设质量,保证林业工程的经济效益与环保效益,就需要注重科学树木养护管理技术的应用。基于此,对林业工程树木养护管理现状及相关技术运用进行了探讨。     

Watermarking algorithm based on statistical property

A novel robust blind watermarking algorithm in DCT domain was proposed. The DCT coefficients are arranged in a specific way, and then the watermark is embedded based on odd even difference for optimal embedding. This algorithm works in a new pattern other than block division and search of the DCT coefficients in the middle frequencies in the traditional pattern, which can overcome the problem in searching suitable coefficients in the middle frequencies for watermark embedding and the small embedding capacity. Experimental results show that the algorithm is simple and good at perceptual transparency as well as robustness against noise and JPEG compression.     

Binary phase only filter based watermarking combined with discrete wavelet transform

The binary phase only filter (BPOF) based digital image watermarking combined with a discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was proposed. Firstly, the DWT transform was applied to an image. Then, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) was applied to the low frequency subband of the DWT transform. Next, the phase information of the DFT was binarized to obtain the BPOF, which would be taken as the watermark and embedded into the corresponding magnitude. Compared to applying the DFT transform to the whole image and embedding the BPOF watermark in the entire frequency range, or in the low frequency range, the watermark robustness in JPEG compression is improved significantly while maintaining the watermark imperceptibility and detection efficiency. This method may be used to demonstrate the authenticity and integrity of an image. The simulation experiments demonstrate the efficiency of this method.     

Audio blind watermarking scheme combined DWT DCT QR

In order to protect the copyright of digital audio and video in Internet, we propose a novel audio blind watermarking scheme combined discrete wavelets transform, discrete cosine transform, QR decomposition and audio characteristics. In this algorithm, the audio are split into blocks, and each block are decomposed on two dimensional discrete wavelet transform (DWT), then the approximate sub band coefficients are decomposed on discrete cosine transform (DCT), and the first quarter of the DCT coefficients are decomposed on QR decomposition and get a triangle matrix. At last, the watermarking information is embedded into the triangle matrix. The experiments show that the algorithm can get better balance between transparency and robustness of watermark, and it has strong robustness against the common audio signal processing such as additive white Gaussian noise, re sampling, re quantization, low pass filter, MP3 compression and cutting replacement.     

A New Still Picture Compression Coding Algorithm

A new still picture compression coding algorithm,WH JPEG algorithm have been proposed due to JPEG baseline system having problem.Advantages of the algorithm include:remove blocking effect,higher compression rate,satisfactory multiform demand by contorlling number of layer.     

A Context Model of Wavelet Coefficients for Image Compression

Through the combination of the idea of the linear prediction used in the GlicBawls coding scheme and the idea of the quantization taken in the CALIC coding scheme to reduce the number of contexts, a new context model of wavelet coefficients for image compression is proposed. Wavelet coefficients are encoded by the arithmetic encoder, with the contexts formed by quantizing linear prediction values. Experimental results show that the model achieves higher lossless compression rate of image than lossless SPIHT and lossless EBCOT used in JPEG2000. In addition, by exploiting the multiresolution property of wavelet, the model can compress the transformed image for progressive resolution and earn higher compression rate for each scale of the image than EBCOT.     

A Medical Image Quantization Method Suited for PACS

Image compression is very important in picture archiving and communication system(PACS). The author studied the statistical distribution of image wavelet subimage coefficients and concluded that the distribution of wavelet subimage coefficients is similar to that of Laplasian distribution. On the other hand, in image reconstruction, the coefficient with different amplitude owns different weight, and different accuracy can be applied to different coefficients according to their different weight. Then, the author has designed a image quantization encoding scheme for PACS. In this scheme, they selected the sample-standard-deviation of coefficients in every subimage as the quantization threshold, and accurately encoded those coefficients with higher weight. Also, this algorithm utilized the visual character of human. The test has proved that the main advantages of this method are the simplicity in computing and predictable encoded coefficients, and a high compression efficiency can obtain too.     

林业用地与地形地貌因子相关性分析——以酉阳县天馆乡为例

为了更加清楚地了解林业用地分布与地形地貌因子的相关性,为山区合理利用林地资源和保护生态环境提供基础信息,笔者运用ArcGIS 9.3软件对高分辨率航片、卫片、1:10000地形图进行配准叠加,依据不同影相色彩代表不同的植被景观类型,对卫片进行林地小班目测判读圈划与实地调查核实相结合方法来获取林地小班因子数据,研究林业用地与地形地貌因子相关性。结果表明,在低高程、小坡度人类活动影响较强的地区,各种类型林业用地均有分布,林业用地分布受高程、坡度影响不太明显;向高高程、大坡度地区过度,人类活动影响程度减弱,林业用地类型随之逐渐减少,特别是在高程大于1200 m、坡度大于35°地区,灌木林地成为主要的林业用地类型;林业用地分布在西南—东北和东—西坡向差异明显,其他坡向差异相对不明显。     

The Study of lmage Compression on JPEG ISO

The JPEEG algorithm for Stillimage ISO Encoding is introduced in this paper.Three encoding types for JPEG algorithm are discussed.Anew Fast DCT algorithm is proposed inthe paper. A software for JPEG algorithm on baseline code is developmented; The experimenceshows that the results are eatisfactory.     

Novel Image-adaptive Watermarking Algorithm

Digital watermarking is an effective method to provide copyright protection for digital media. A blind image- adaptive watermarking algorithm based on DCT domain is presented. The algorithm selects adaptively the step size of quantization to embed the watermark bits by modifying DC components via the human visual system model and local characteristics of image; at the same time some AC components of the blocks with less perceptual capacity are also modified to embed the same watermark bits by using quantization. Thus the relation between robustness and imperceptibility can be well balanced. The algorithm recovers the watermark without any reference to the original image. Compared with the similar algorithm reported in the literature, this method can give better image quality and is better robust against noise and commonly used image processing techniques.