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玉米亲本种子的繁殖和使用应与国际接轨,采用以育种者种子为种源基础的"四级生产程序"和育种者种子→原原种→原种→良种的四个类别进行生产,并逐步建立专门从事亲本繁殖生产的专一机构和"株系循环法"技术为基础的提纯保种圃、低温低湿库贮存的双重保种制度. 相似文献
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该技术将重复繁殖和循环选择两种种子生产方法有机结合在一起,借鉴国内外先进的种子生产技术,以育种家种子为种源基础,创造性采用育种家种子→原种→大田用种的常规水稻种子三级生产程序和选择单穗→建立穗行圃→稀繁原种→快繁大田用种的水稻种子生产技术操作规程,具有早、快、简、高、省等突出优点,应用效果非常明显。 相似文献
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论甘薯四级种子生产程序及繁育供种体系 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
利用20世纪50年代沿袭下来的“三囿制“进行甘薯种薯生产,已难以适应现代化种业的发展。为此,本文结合甘薯生产实践,借鉴农作物良种繁育的最新成果,提出了甘薯育种者种子→原原种→原种→良种四级生产程序及关键技术,同时也探讨了甘薯繁育供种体系和各级种薯的生产规模。 相似文献
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小麦良种繁育技术的发展现状 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在小麦种子生产的诸多系统和环节中,良种繁育技术是确保小麦种子质量和产量达到要求的最重要的环节。针对新疆、兵团小麦良种繁育技术研究与应用落后的现状,本文作者在介绍了小麦良种繁育工作发展历程、两种技术路线之后,对小麦良种繁育技术的主要方法作了综述。分析了“三圃制”方法的主要弊端,介绍了“株系循环法”、“四级种子生产程序法”、“一圃三级法”等小麦良种繁育新技术。当前应把以“株系循环法”为技术的保种圃种源保存方法,逐步过度为保种圃与低温低湿库并重的双重保种技术,最终实现小麦良种繁育技术的革新,使其技术路线、生产程序、种子类别与国际接轨。 相似文献
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目前,我国将小麦种子划分为育种家种子、原原种、原种、良种四级.其中,育种家种子和原原种一般都作繁殖材料,而原种既可作为繁育材料,也常用于大田生产;良种则主要用于大田生产,国际上一般称为登记种子或大田用种. 相似文献
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浅谈小麦良繁程序的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
“株系循环法”及“四级种子程序法”是国内目前比较先进的小麦良繁程序。前者适合我国当前生产发展水平,而且容易普及推广,后者是小麦种子生产发展的必然趋势。笔者根据生产实际,灵活运用两种方法:在开始推广应用某品种时,应用“四级种子程序法”,引入育种者种子,原原种、原种,用于繁殖原原种、原种或生产良种而直接应用于生产;同时,对引入的育种者种子又施以“株系循环法”而连续独立地生产自己的原种。 相似文献
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当前,小麦种子生产首推株系循环法(陆作楣)和四级种子生产程序法(张万松),前者以高起点,早起动,大群体,小循环为指导思想,重点建好保种圃(属于循环繁殖路线),后者借鉴世界上发达国家种子生产的重复繁殖法,并结合我国种子工作实践,研究总结出育种者种子-原原种-原种-良种”的四级种子生产程序(属于重复繁殖路线),本文对该两种小麦良繁方式在生产中遇到的问题加以分析,并阐明如何运用这两种方式为生产服务,以期对小麦良繁工作有益。 相似文献
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介绍了运用冷冻干燥技术进行速溶蛋花汤的加工,研究了生产工艺、特点以及影响产品质量的主要因素。试验表明,采用冷冻干燥技术加工的速溶蛋花汤,具有营养丰富、风味独特、方便快捷等特点。 相似文献
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南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。 相似文献
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母猪繁殖障碍成因分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
繁殖障碍是导致母猪淘汰的最主要因素,直接造成母猪非生产天数延长,繁殖猪群生产效率降低,严重影响猪场的经济效益。本文作者对引起母猪繁殖障碍的多方面因素,包括营养因素(如饲养水平、饲料品质、断奶日龄)、环境因素(如温度、湿度、通风、光照)、疫病因素、生产技术及管理因素进行了详细阐述。 相似文献
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DENG Zhao-jing 《保鲜与加工》2005,(1):153-156
A new definition of inertia,i.e. the momentum is the measuring of inertia of matter, is proposed. The article through and etc., subjects, the correctness of the new notion of inertia:The monentum is the measuring of inertia has been demonstrated, and the unsolved contradictions of the traditional definition of inetia. And the mass is the measuring of inertia has been revealed. 相似文献
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香蕉是热带亚热带发展中国家重要的粮食作物和碳水化合物来源。但近年来,香蕉生产受到严重的病虫危害。大多数香蕉栽培品种是三倍体,生长周期长,而且不孕。由于没有种子,给繁殖和育种带来一定的困难。遗传转化技术的发展为香蕉品种的改良提供了一种有效的手段。香蕉的遗传转化方法有电激法、基因枪法、农杆菌介导法等。农杆菌介导法的应用是香蕉品种改良的一个重大突破。香蕉遗传转化的外植体也发展到多种,有原生质体,胚性细胞悬浮系,分生组织,以及横切薄片等。近几年,随着分子生物学的发展,出现了转化效率更高,重复性更好的香蕉遗传转化技术。如农杆菌和基因枪结合法,离心辅助农杆菌介导法、真空渗透技术等。这些新技术新方法的出现,必将推动香蕉产业高速发展。 相似文献
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Automobile comfort dynamic simulation is necessary when we predict and evaluate the comfort of a automobile or optimize performance of automobile. The nine DOF vibration model of automobile is established , which acts root mean square value of body in multiple work conditions as comfort evaluation indices. Based on the comfort simulation, the Hongyan 1160 is predicted in the way of comfort. The programmes can be used in many different automobiles . The computational result indicates that the model can simulate vibration of automobile truly. It is significant to research automobile comfort evaluation to optimize performance of automobile and comfort simulation .The computational program can be applied to optimize or simulate which has some reference value. 相似文献
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Efficiency of water use of early plantings of sunflower 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
M. Auxiliadora Soriano Francisco Orgaz Francisco J. Villalobos Elías Fereres 《European Journal of Agronomy》2004,21(4):465-476
Rain fed crop production in Mediterranean environments depends to a large extent on strategies that avoid the intense summer drought. Early plantings of sunflower have given consistently higher yields in such environments, but the basis for such yield increases has not been explored. We conducted two field experiments at Cordoba (Spain) to investigate the effects of an early and a late planting date on the components of water-limited crop productivity; namely, water use (T), water use efficiency (TE) and harvest index (HI) of sunflower. The results were generalized by simulating rain fed sunflower yields, under early (1 January) and late (15 March) plantings, for a 25-year period with the aid of a simulation model of the Ceres type (OILCROP-SUN) which has been validated in Cordoba. Experimental seed yields of early plantings in 1989 and 1996 were 2.0 and 3.0 t ha−1, while late plantings yields were 1.3 and 2.4 t ha−1, for the 2 years. Average simulated yields were 2.7 ± 1.1 and 1.9 ± 0.7 t ha−1 for early and late plantings, respectively. For the 2 years, T of early plantings was higher than that of late plantings, but the response of TE and HI to planting date was not the same in the two experiments. In the simulation exercise, T and TE of early plantings were consistently higher than those of late plantings, while there were no differences in the HI for the two planting dates. We conclude that early plantings of sunflower increase rain fed yields by increasing both T and TE, while the impact of planting date on HI very much depends on the crop water stress pattern, which is quite variable from year to year even in the predictable Mediterranean environment. 相似文献
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The cotyledon and hypocotyl of eight varieties of alfalfa( Medicago sativa L. )are used to study the effect of different cultivation procedures and genotypes on embryogenic callus and embryoid induction,plant development and transplant of alfalfa.The varieties of alfalfa with high embryoid induction rate and high differentiation rate are screened. A high frequency regeneration system for alfalfa tissue culture is established:which is benifical to the gene transformation of alfalfa. 相似文献