偏最小二乘回归在Hyperion影像叶面积指数繁衍中的应用

叶面积指数(Leaf Area Index,LAI)是一个重要的森林结构参数指标,遥感技术被认为是区域LAI反演的有效手段。现有遥感反演模型多以单变量的曲线估计及线性回归模型为主,模型的通用性、建模精度以及植被指数的选择上需要更进一步的探讨。论文以攸县黄丰桥林场为研究区,Hyperion影像为数据源,提取归一化植被指数(NDVI)、比值植被指数(RVI)等13个因子,利用LAI-2000冠层分析仪开展130个样地(60 m×60 m)的叶面积指数测量,选用变量投影重要性(VIP)指标、变量解释能力及变量权重作为变量筛选的依据,采用偏最小二乘回归分析方法建立植被指数与实测样地的回归模型,开展叶面积指数反演并制图。研究结果表明：偏最小二乘回归分析在LAI反演中取得了较好的预测效果,其中以6个植被因子建立的回归模型预测精度最高,预测值与实测值的决定系数R2为0.91;LAI与植被指数之间具有良好的线性关系,其中RVI与LAI的相关性最大;残差分析表明,反演模型的自变量个数选取以4~6个为宜。     

化控技术在蚕豆生产中的应用研究

采用饱和D-最优计划设计研究了多效唑浓度、剂量和施用时期与蚕豆株高、主茎荚数、结荚密度、经济系数等指标的关系,建立了各指标与多效唑浓度(X1)、剂量(X2)和喷药时期(X3)之间的数学模型。结果分析表明,施用多效唑能够有效的控制蚕豆中后期营养生长,提高了结荚性和经济系数,促进了产量的提高。在蚕豆盛花期至结荚期施用200~300mL/L的多效唑100~150L/hm²调控效应比较好。……     

基于PLC变频器的智能风电机组防火灾系统设计

针对风电机组的火灾安全问题,设计了基于PLC变频器的智能风电机组防火灾系统装置。该系统利用日本三菱公司的可控制编程器PLC为主控制器,变频器为执行器、组态王监控软件为人机界面构成了一套集中控制系统。并通过变频器的PID控制实现控制参数的在线自动调整功能。组态王监控软件作为控制系统的操作站,可以集中监控系统模拟量和开关量,能够实现数据的实时采集、控制模式转换、控制参数输入等功能。此系统通过自动化技术检测风力发电机现场的火灾情况,并经过数据传输将采集到的信息上传到一体化信息平台,对设备进行准确的判断,作出相应的处理,实现对室温环境因子的数据采集、计算和控制功能。整套控制系统具有灵敏度高、控制灵活、可靠性强等特点,能够满足风电机组防火灾系统控制的要求。     

多效唑在小麦花药培养中应用的研究

在小麦花粉愈伤诱导及分化培养基中,加入一种三唑类化介物---多效唑(MET),对出愈率和绿苗分化率影响不明显,但当其浓度高于2mg/L时,会出现负效应。在小麦壮苗培养基中附加MET3 mg/L,萘乙酸(NAA)0.5mg/L,蔗糖8％,不仅可改善春性小麦花粉植株的生长状态,还可提高花粉苗染色体加倍率。若与将愈伤转入分化培养基以前先在含秋水仙碱250mg/L的MS培养基中处理1天这一方法相配合使用,将会出现更好的加倍效果。冬性小麦花粉植株的壮苗培养基中添加MET,可有效地防止花粉苗在越夏过程中老化,增加分蘖数,从而大幅度提高移栽成活率,但同时花粉植株的染色体加倍率有所下降。     

多效唑在遗传工程水稻高产栽培中的应用研究

本研究在遗传工程水稻ＧＥＲ－１双晚秧田和中稻本田，分别进行了多效唑不同喷施浓度和不同喷施时期试验，结果表明，在双晚４６天秧令情况下，于二叶一心喷施浓度为１００～５００ｐｐｍ的多效唑，不仅能不同程度地控制苗高和促进分蘖，而且处理秧苗移栽后发根力强，枯叶率低，返青较快，尤以３００ｐｐｍ处理还有明显的增产作用。在中稻本田１１．２～１３．８叶期喷施浓度为３００ｐｐｍ的多效唑，能不同程度也降低株高，明显使冠     

粮仓窗户远程自动控制系统设计

设计出一种粮仓窗户远程自动控制系统。根据仓内外的温度和湿度变化,自动开启或关闭窗户及通风机械,实现粮仓的自动通风,自动控制。该系统可与粮情检测系统、通风控制系统等结合,组成粮仓自动化管理系统。     

多效唑对紫云英生长的调节作用及留种增产效果

本研究采用小区试验与大区验证试验相结合的方法,根据几年的试验结果分析了多效唑对紫云英生长的调节作用及留种增产效应。结果表明:(1)喷施多效唑能显著控制株高,降低始荚高度,缩短结荚间距;(2)增产效果显著,其增产幅度;14.1～30.7％(3)经济合理的使用浓度为200ppm～450ppm;(4)适宜喷施期为伸长至现蕾期;(5)应用多效唑投资少,效益高,其产投比为6∶1。多效唑(Mutti-Effects Triazole.)系80年代新开发的一种新型植物生长调节剂和广谱性杀菌剂。MET作用机理为提高吲哚乙酸氧化酶活性,降低内源生长素水平和减弱顶端生长优势等。目前MET在水稻、大豆、花生等作物上广泛应用已取得良好增产效果,但迄今尚未见到在紫云英应用方面的报道。福建省紫云英科研协作组根据闽紫系列新品种植株高大、留种植株茎蔓过长等特点,应用多效唑调节紫云英生长取得良好效果,并显著提高了紫云英种子产量。现将近年研究结果报告如下:     

小麦-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系与小麦-杀配子染色体2C二体附加系杂交后代的细胞学鉴定

为了创造小麦-长穗偃麦草染色体易位系,本研究将“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系与“中国春”-柱穗山羊草2C二体附加系进行了正反交、F1代自交和回交,利用细胞遗传学等方法对杂种后代进行了鉴定。以“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系为母本的杂交组合,其杂交当代结实率平均为37.3%,而以“中国春”-杀配子染色体2C二体附加系为母本的杂交组合,其平均结实率为28.19%,二者差异显著（P<0.05）。杂种F1代自交结实率平均为31.45%,用“中国春”-长穗偃麦草3E二体附加系为父本的F1代回交结实率为38.82%,二者差异显著（P<0.05）。在杂交后代有丝分裂和减数分裂中观察到了染色体畸变现象,说明杀配子染色体2C在配子的形成过程中起作用。这些研究结果为进一步创制小麦-长穗偃麦草3E染色体易位系奠定了基础。     

不同剂量多效唑拌种对大麦品种单二产量及构成要素的影响

采用单因素随机区组排列设计,研究了不同多效唑用量拌种对单二主要农艺性状和产量的影响,同时研究了在拔节期喷施40g/667m2多效唑对单二主要农艺性状和产量的影响。结果表明,随着多效唑用量的增加,株高呈降低趋势,多效唑能够较好地降低株高,防止大麦倒伏,起到保产、稳产的作用;在拔节期喷施40g/667m2多效唑较单纯拌种能显著提高产量;用0.05g和0.15g多效唑对75g单二拌种并在拔节期喷施多效唑40g/667m2时,单二产量较空白对照增产显著。     

多效唑对桃生长结果的控制效应

以５年生的青桃为试材,在冬季和生长季进行３种浓度的多效唑根施试验,其结果表明,根施多效唑可抑制档的营养生长,可使当年的单果重增加,对产量有影响,当年影响不大,第二年呈负相关,施用浓度以２．０ｇ／株为宜,在生产上可用于控制树冠。     

Application of improved mean shiftalgorithm in rocket target tracking

An improved Mean shift based rocket target tracking algorithm is presented. The traditional Mean shift tracker is difficult in tracking fast moving rocket target and suffers in cumulating error. To overcome the limitation of the traditional Mean shift tracking algorithm, three frame difference method is employed to detect the rough position of rocket target. Based on the rough position, Mean shift algorithm is used to achieve precise tracking. Simulation experiments show that the proposed algorithm can effectively track fast moving rocket target and overcome the tracking error cumulating problems.     

Tracking System of Mobile Satellite Communication Ground Station Based on Grads Tracking Method

Existing mobile satellite communication ground stations mostly achieve satellite tracking with laser gyro.But such stations are not only expensive but also ponderous for installation in moving vehicles,and they can only track geostationary satellite.In order to solve these problems,a tracking scheme using grads tracking method is proposed.With this scheme,not only the expensive laser gyro can be eliminated from the system,but also non-geostationary satellite can be tracked.A tracking scheme based on GRAD-DBF(grads-digital beam forming)are presented.The tracking system can eliminate both the laser gyro and the mech-electronic rotating pedestal and servo system,at the same time it has the ability of tracking multiple non-geostationary satellites.Simulation programs and results of the tracking scheme are given by the software Mathcad.     

Model predictive control strategy of a medium hybrid electric vehicle

The intense coupled and nonlinear behaviors were observed on the tall long span tower line systems which were under the icing and wind loads in heavy icing areas. A set of stiffness equations of insulator, conductor and boundary conditions was deduced. Taking the ±800 kV UHV DC transmission line from Xiangjiaba to Shanghai as an example, the simplified numerical model of transmission tower, conductor, insulator and constraint was developed. The long span transmission tower line system models under seven loads conditions were analyzed by static nonlinear methods. It was found that the P Δ effect of tower components was small when the covered ice was uniformly distributed. The unbalanced wire loads on the tower would lead to twist effect when the covered ice was uneven distributed. The axial forces, moments at restraint nodes and the longest cantilever member were greatly affected by the P Δ effect, under which the unfavorable effect on the structure should be considered.     

Single-point preview control for unmanned high-speed4WID-4WIS vehicle path tracking

As for the actuation redundancy, strong nonlinearity and uncertainty, a kind of single-point preview control approach for the unmanned high-speed four-wheel-independent-drive & steering (4WID-4WIS) vehicle path tracking is proposed based on the control allocation and the Active Disturbance Rejection Control(ADRC) methods. The vehicle single-point preview system dynamic model for path tracking is built. The control system architecture with the control allocation unit as the core is constructed. The decouple single-point preview ADRC controller for path tracking is designed. Then the quasi-inertial parts used to generate control objectives are proposed and its rationality is discussed. The control allocation solution method for the 4WID-4WIS vehicle path tracking is subsequently presented. The simulations are conducted to illustrate the validity of the single-point preview control method proposed. The results show that the unmanned high-speed 4WID-4WIS vehicle can track the circular arc double-lane change path rapidly and accurately.     

A time-varying signal processing method for Coriolis mass flowmeter

The mass flowrate of Coriolis mass flowmeter in practical application has slow changes with time. To solve the problem, an improved time-varying signal model whose frequency, amplitude and phase are time-varying based on the random walk model is established firstly. A new algorithm of adaptive notch filter with the capability of tracking frequency variation is applied to filter the sensor output signal of Coriolis mass flowmeter and its frequency is calculated next. An adaptive line enhancer based on the mentioned notch filter extracts fundamental frequency signal from noisy data. Then, by short window intercepting, the revised sliding DTFT recursive algorithm is introduced to calculate the real-time phase difference between two enhanced signals. With the frequency and phase difference obtained, the time interval between the two signals is calculated and then the mass flowrate is derived. The simulations and field test results show that the proposed method can not only track the change of frequency and phase, but also ensure the calculation accuracy when measuring small phase difference. The computational load of the algorithm is simple so that it can be applied to real-time signal processing for Coriolis mass flowmeter.     

Rapid Prototype Control of Hydraulic Automatic Transmission System Based on dSPACE

dSPACE is a prototype development and real-time control testing platform which is based on MATLAB/Simulink software. By establishing mathematic model of hydraulic automatic transmission system, the shift rules are achieved. A testing platform for hydraulic automatic transmission system is developed whose control software is programmed by simulink and using the dSPACE as the centre controller. The experiment of electric throttle control and power performance matching control of hydraulic automatic transmission system is carried out. the result shows that well matching performance of hydraulic automatic transmission system can be realizedby using the control strategy proposed in this paper, it provides a fast and efficient approach for researching and developing the hydraulic automatic transmission system.     

牛肉生产全程质量安全追溯体系建立的研究与应用

为建立牛肉生产全程质量安全追溯体系,分别对带犊母牛、育肥牛及肉牛屠宰过程管理及追溯过程进行了阐述。利用RFID电子耳标来标识、记录、跟踪和读取肉牛从育种、繁殖、饲养、育肥、屠宰等环节的过程信息,同时利用条码标签来承续前面的追溯信息并标记屠宰加工、流通、仓储、分销、零售等环节的过程信息,实现从源头到餐桌的全程跟踪和追溯,消费者可以通过网站、电话、短信等多种追溯手段实现全过程追溯与查询。为建立牛肉生产全程质量安全的追溯体系提供了参考。     

The predictive control of an incremental model based on tracking error

An algorithm of incremental model predictive control is proposed to solve a class of industrial production process real-time tracking problems. The basic idea is to establish a predictive model by adopting speed response on the basis of tracking error, and realize the optimization of the second time performance by using the soft constraint of the increment of control quantity and the online rolling optimization method. The theoretical analysis and Matlab simulation results show that the control algorithm can obtain good tracking performance, smooth dynamic response of the controlled object and strong robustness of the closed-loop system.     

Multi-target tracking algorithm based on adaptive sampling interval in wireless sensor networks

Multi-target tracking is a hot topic of current research on wireless sensor networks (WSN). Based on adaptive sampling interval, we propose a multi-target tracking algorithm in order to save energy consumption and prevent tracking lost for WSN. We contrast the targets moving model by using the position metadata, and predicte the targets moving status based on extended Kalman filter (EKF).we adopt the probability density function (PDF) of the estimated targets to establish the tracking cluster. By defining the tracking center, we use Markov distance to quantify the election process of the main node (MN). We comput targets impact strength through the targets importance and the distance to MN node, and then use it to build tracking algorithm. We do the simulation experiment based on MATLAB, and the experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can accurate predict the trajectory of the targets, and adjust the sampling interval while the targets were moving. By analyzing the experiments data, we know that the proposed algorithm can improve the tracking precision and save the energy consumption of WSN obviously.     

贵州主要耕作制度对胜红蓟发生危害的影响

为探索贵州主要耕作制度与胜红蓟入侵危害相关性,选择贵州主要入侵区域田块进行3年定点跟踪监测。结果表明,监测田块杂草发生种类有51种,以胜红蓟田间盖度、相对多度最高,田间盖度值为50.03～66.54,3年平均值为59.11,相对多度值为36.98～59.59,3年平均值为46.27,其发生危害远大于其他杂草,且发生危害总体保持在稳定状态。田间耕作制度长期保持单一耕作管理模式有利于胜红蓟的发生危害,建议在农业生产上适时改变耕作制度,增加更多的田间管理方式控制胜红蓟入侵危害。